(完整版)上海中考英语核心词汇梳理及语法分类练习2

1、C1. care v. 介意，在乎，关心【短语】 take care of 照料，照管： I ll take good care of him. 我会好好照顾他的。1) The old should be taken care of in our society.The old should be _ _ in our society.looked afterThe old should be _ _ in our society.Cared for2) 在护士的悉心照料下，那些生病的小孩已经好多了。Those sick children were much better under the

2、care of the nurses.2. catch (caught, caught) v. 捉，抓住：捷足者先登。_The early birds catch the worm.【短语】catch up with赶上：如果你想赶上他，你必须更加努力工作。_If you want to catch up with him, you must work harder.3. chance n. 机会Do you really think I have another chance?你真的认为我还有一次机会吗你成功的机会很大。_You have a good chance of success.【

3、短语】 by chance 偶然地，意外地无意中地I met my classmate by chance when I was walking along the street. ( 同义句转换 )I _ _ _ my classmate when I was walking along the street.happened to meet4. change v. 变换，变更，改变His speech changes my whole life.他的话改变了我的一生。1) When British people go out, they like to take an umbrella w

4、ith them because of the _weather. (change)changeable2) If you don t like this shirt, you cananother one. (change)exchange5. cheap adj. 便宜的1) The red camera costs 1,500. The black camera costs 2,000.The black camera costs _ _ the red one.more than2) The price of the computer is 5,330. The price of th

5、e digital camera is 2,000.The price of the computer is _ than _ of the digital camera.higher, that3) An HTC is 2300 yuan. An iphone is 4999 yuan.HTC is much _ _ iphone.cheaper than6. chemistryn. 化学：This is the beginning of the science of organic chemistry.这是有机化学的开始。The _ teacher is now in the _ lab.

6、A. chemistry, chemicalB. chemical, chemistryC. chemistry, chemistryD. chemical, chemical7. choose (chose, chosen) v. 选择，挑选：1) 他被选为班长。 _ He was chosen as monitor.02)Everyone should be responsible for his own _. (choose)choice8. city n. 城市：1)Shanghai is one of the most beautiful _ in the world. (city)

7、cities2) All the _ in Shanghai should help to do something for the environment protection. (city) citizens9. clean v. 把弄干净，擦干净adj.干净的，清洁的：She helped me clean my desks. 她帮我把桌子擦干净了。【短语】clean up 清除，收拾干净：My mother has help me clean up my room.妈妈已经帮我把房间收拾干净了。1) Was she made _ the classroom?A. cleansB. cl

8、eanC. to cleanD. to cleaning2) All the students got together to make our classroom _.A. cleaningB. cleanC. to cleanD. cleaned10. close v. 关，闭closed adj. 关着的1)有点儿冷 , 把窗户关一下好吗？_It is a little cold, would you please close the window?2)有点儿冷 , 就让窗户关着吧！_It is a little cold, please keep the windows closed!

9、3) How long _ the post office _?A. did, openB. has, been openC. has, openD. has, closed11. come (came, come) v. 来：【与 come 有关的短语】come in 进来，进入come on 来吧come true 实现come up with找到；提出 (答案，解决办法等)He came up with a new suggestion.他提出了一个新的建议。12. comfortableadj. 舒适的，舒服的1) The room is so hot that all of us f

10、eel _. (comfortable)uncomfortable2) The Teddy Bear gave much _ to these homeless children. (comfortable)comfort13. complainv. 抱怨，发牢骚1) The supermarket has received a lot of _ about the quality of their products. (complain) complaints2) Granma Wang always _ that her health is poor. (complaint)complai

11、ns3) 毕业班的学生经常向他们的父母抱怨那无休无止的考试。The graduates usually complain to their parents about the endless examinations.14. confidentadj. 有自信的；确信的confidence n. 自信1) They were _ in everything they did.confident12)I m sure that you can beat him if you re full ofconfidence .3)_ is the key to success.Confidence15.

12、 cost (cost, cost ) v. 花费 ( 金钱，时间等 )1)I m interested in animals, so I _ every Saturday working in an animal hospital.A. payB. costC. takeD. spend2)Meimei is leaving for Beijing by air, no matter how much it _.A. paysB. costsC. spendsD. takes3)I spent ten minutes going to school. ( 同义句转换 )It _ me ten

13、 minutes _ go to school.took, to16. crowd v. 拥挤大街上人流涌动、车水马龙。_The road is crowded with people and cars.D1. danger n. 危险： I warned him of the danger.我警告过他说有危险。1) Drink-driving is _. It causes serious traffic accidents. Drivers must never do it. (danger) dangerous2) 我们都应该遵守交通法规，从而不让自己处于危险之中。_We should

14、obey traffic rules in order not to be in danger.3) 他们竭尽全力脱离了险境。_They tried their best to get out of danger.2. dead adj. 死的： There s a dead cat in the house房.里有只死猫。用 dead 的适当形式填空1)Many people _ from recent car accidents on high ways.died2)The carelessness caused the _ of the driver.death3)My grandfat

15、her has been _ for 5 years.dead3. deal n. (口语 )协议；交易v. 处理，解决1) 我们已经与一家意大利公司达成协议。_We have made a deal with an Italian company.2) 你能告诉我怎么处理这件事吗？_Could you tell me how to deal with the problem?3) The problem is so difficult that nobody can deal with it. (保持原意不变)The problem is _ difficult for _ to _.too

16、, anybody, solve24. decide v. 决定；决心：The date hasn t been decided 日yet期.还没有定好。1)The family has made a _ that they will go travelling. (decide)decision2)They decided to put off the sports meeting until next Friday because of the heavy rain. ( 保持原意不变 )They _ _ _ _ to put off the sports meeting until ne

17、xt Friday because of theheavy rain.made up their mind5. deep adj. 深的：The lake is three meters deep. 湖水深3 米。1)The well is about _ ( 三米深 ), how about the _ (deep) of that one?three meters deep* depth2)The film was very moving. I was _ moved by it. (deep)deeply6. describev. 描写，叙述* description n. 描写，叙述：

18、1)你能用三句话描述他的长相吗？_Can you describe what he looks like within three sentences?2)西湖的美景美得难以形容。 _The scenery of the West Lake is beautiful beyond description.7. develop v. 发展；研制，开发：He developed the little shop into a big store.他把小铺子发展成一个大商店。用 develop 的适当形式填空1)We are proud of the fast _ in our country the

19、se years.development2)China is a _ country, while America is a _ country.developing, developed3) With the rapid _, China is playing an important role in the international society. development8. discover v. 发现，发觉【词汇辨析】 discover & inventColumbia discovered America in 1492.哥伦布于 1492 年发现了美洲。Edison i

20、nvented the light bulb many years ago.爱迪生在很多年之前发明了灯泡。9. drive (drove, driven) v. 驾驶十分钟的车程ten minutes drive把某人逼疯drive sb. crazy10. drop v. 掉下，落下n. 一滴我的表从口袋里掉了出来。My watch dropped out of my pocket.E1. each pron. 各自，各个either pron.(两者中的 ) 任意一个adv. 也 (不 )：Each of you will have a book.你们每个人都会有一本书。I don t e

21、njoy tennis, and I don t much like swimming,我不喜either欢网球.，也不太喜欢游泳。3You can have either the apple or the orange. 你可以吃苹果，也可以吃橘子。1)_ of the students has an English dictionary in our class.A. EveryB. EachC. BothD. Everyone2)There are many new high rises on _ side of Huaihai Road. What a magnificent view

22、!A. eitherB. neitherC. bothD. all3)-When shall we go to the park, this morning or this afternoon?-_ is OK! I am free the whole day.A. NeitherB. EitherC. BothD. None4)_ John _ Jack may go with you because one of them must stay at home.A. Neither, norB. Not only, but alsoC. Either, orD. Both, and5)Tom

23、 has never seen that picture and I haven t seen it, .A. alsoB. tooC. eitherD. as well6)-Which do you prefer, a cup of tea or a bottle of milk.- I don t like _, thanks. I d like .a cup of waterA. eitherB. neitherC. bothD. none7)Linda knows how to do it correctly, too. (变为否定句 )Linda _ know how to do i

24、t correctly, _.doesn t, either2. easy adj. 容易的：It s easy to get to that place到.那个地方去很容易。用 easy 的适当形式填空1)With the help of my teacher, I can work out the problem _.easily2)With the help of my teacher, I found the problems are much _ than before.easier3)Of the three problems, which one do you think see

25、ms _.easiest3. education n. 教育，培养用 education 的适当形式填空1) When nations grow richer, their citizens become more _ and have fewer children. educational2) Our real challenge is to _ the entire cate4. encourage v. 鼓励* encouragementn. 鼓励courage n. 勇气注： 没有 couragement 这个词用 encourage 的适当形式填空1)Her fir

26、st success _ her to work even harder.encouraged2)Finally, he succeeded in passing the final examination due to the _ of his parents andfriends.encouragement3)We should have the _ to do what we feel to be right.courage5. end n. 末端，终点v. 结束：The school is at the end of the street. 学校在街角的尽头。When the conc

27、ert ended we went home. 音乐会结束后我们回家了。【短语辨析】in the endat the end ofby the end of41)The problem was difficult for most of us, but I did it _.in the end2)The bridge will be built _ next year.at the end of3)More than six bridges had been built _ last year.by the end of6. enjoy v. 喜欢；享受乐趣1) 她喜欢独自一人时听音乐。 S

28、he enjoys listening to music when she is alone.2) We had a good time at the party. ( 同义句转换 )We _ _ at the party.enjoyed ourselves3)Our holidays in Thailand were really _ and unforgettable.enjoyable4)To our great _, he finally got the first prize.Joy7. enough adj. 足够的，充分的There s enough food for every

29、one有.足够每个人吃的食物。1)I have _ and I can do it _, Mr. Green.A. time enough, good enoughB. enough time, well enoughC. time enough, enough wellD. enough time, enough good2)The poor child was so lucky that she received many books from Project Hope. (改为简单句 )The poor child was _ _ to receive many books from P

30、roject Hope.lucky enough8. enter v. 进入 entrance n. 入口用 enter 的适当形式填空1) I ll meet you at the _ to the theater.entrance2) It was already dark when we _ the cinema.Entered3) You should be careful when you enter the dark room, for it is full of desks. (改简单句 )You should be careful when _ the dark room, f

31、or it is full of desks.entering9. ever adv. 曾经Have you ever climbed a mountain?你爬过山吗？1) I have never received her letters since I came to Shanghai. ( 改为一般疑问句)_ you _ received her letters since you came to Shanghai?Have, ever2) 这是我曾经收到过的最好的礼物。_This is the best gift I ve ever got.10. everybody / every

32、onepron.每人everythingpron.每件事；每样东西everywhere adv. 到处，无论哪里：1) 既然每个人都来了，那我们就开会吧。everybody is here, let s start our meeting.2) 我找遍了所有地方，但还是没找到。I ve looked everywhere, but I still can t find it.11. except prep. 除之外：1)All compositions are well written _ yours.A. except forB. exceptC. besidesD. beside2)His

33、 composition is good _ a few spelling mistakes.5A. except forB. exceptC. besidesD. beside3)We study Chemistry and physics _ Chinese and Maths.A. except forB. exceptC. besidesD. beside4)There is a church _ his house.A. except forB. exceptC. besidesD. beside12. excited adj. 兴奋的，激动的exciting adj. 令人兴奋的1

34、)The football match we watched last Sunday was very _.exciting2)The _ children were opening their Christmas presents.excited3) 保罗第一次坐飞机很兴奋。 Paul was excited about his fist trip in an airplane.4) On hearing the great news that Beijing has won the bids of 2008 Olympic Games, the crowds atTian Anmen Sq

35、uare began to cheer _. (excite)excitedly13. expect v. 期望，预料My boss has just called me, telling me to shorten my holiday, that is to say, I _ back tomy office by Friday.A. expectB. am expectingC. am expectedD. will expect14. expensive adj. 昂贵的：It is too expensive for me to buy.这东西太贵了，我买不起。1) I m afra

36、id that I don t have enough money to buy such an _ cell phoneexpensive.2) It s difficult for the poor family to afford his college _.expenses15. experience n. 经验，体验1) 他缺乏经验。 _He is short of experience.2) 她写了一本书，讲述她的非洲经历。_She wrote a book about her experiences in Africa.【语法大练兵】初中英语分类练习 介词部分Choose the

37、 best answer1.Miss White looks _her mother. She is good-looking, too.A. afterB. forC. likeD. at2.- When did you begin to learn English?- _ 2001.A. SinceB. AtC. InD. From3. - Do you like English films?- Yes. I was told that there would be an English film _ the evening of September 1st.A. inB. onC. at

38、D. to4.- Who are the boys _ green sports shirts?- Oh, they are the fans of GuoTeam. anA. withB. inC. atD. from5.- Does his uncle live in London?- Yes, he has lived there _ two years ago.A. fromB. inC. beforeD. since66.My uncle has just bought a house _ a small garden _ front of it.A. with; inB. of;

39、atC. near; byD. in; on7.- Can you make a sentence _ the word “ produce” ?- OK. Let me have a try.A. inB. byC. withD. at8.- Look! The farmers are still working _ the heavy rain. - Oh. Let s go to help them.A. withB. inC. underD. without9.- Why did the woman look unhappy? - Because she felt worried _

40、her sick baby.A. forB. toC. onD. about10. - Do you know the student _ David and Jeff?- Yeah. It s Jim.A. amongB. inC. betweenD. around11. The thief broke into the house _ the window.A. throughB. acrossC. overD. after12. - I m not good _remembering names.- Neither am I.A. inB. onC. atD. with13. Thank

41、s _ our teacher, we solve the problem _ her help.A. for; withoutB. to; withC. for; withD. to; without14. Now many children like surfing _ the Internet, but _ the same time they should know that there is something unhealthy on it.A. for; inB. at; byC. on; atD. in; on15.It s very nice _ you to take ca

42、re _ my baby while I was away.A. for; ofB. to; forC. with; afterD. of; of16.These American scientists arrived _ Guangzhou late _ night.A. on; atB. in; atC. in; inD. at; in17.- Does your grandfather often read newspapers _ breakfast?- Yes, he does.A. onB. inC. atD. of18.- Look, mum! I got the first p

43、rize _ the physics competition yesterday.- Congratulations! I am very _ whatyou ve done.A. on; angry withB. in; pleased withC. at; afraid ofD. for; sorry for19.- Please retell the story _ English.- OK.A. withB. byC. inD. at20. - I m looking forward _ taking a holiday in Hainan.- So am I. It s great

44、to be _holidaythere.A. for; onB. to; atC. to; onD. for; at21. - Did Li Ming go to school _ his bike yesterday? - No, he went to school _foot.A. by; onB. in; byC. on; onD. by; by22. - What can you see over there?- I can see a car running _ the bridge and a ship sailing _ it.A. across; underB. over; u

45、nderC. above; throughD. over; through初中英语分类练习 代词部分I. 改正下列句子中的错误1. The fish was so delicious. I had many fish.72. There are five new ball pens over there. Please give me the red some.3. The teacher gave every of her children a toy.4. There are some chairs on every sides of the small river.5. None of

46、my parents are Party members.6. My aunt is going to stay in the U.S. for other five weeks.1. many 改为 much2. some 改为 one3. every 改为 each4. every 改为 both5.None 改为 Neither6. other five weeks改为 another five weeksChoose the best answer1.Won t you let_ help you?A. I and my friendB. my friend and IC. my friend and meD. me and he2.“ Here is a pair which fits” .“ Could I _?”A. put it onB. try on themC. put on themD. try them on3.The sentence_ is not wrong.A. himselfB. myselfC. itD. itsel