名词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句)讲解与练习

1、名词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句)六大基本句型1主系表句型 be (连系动词do)2、主谓宾- do (vt)3、主谓do(vi)-(不及物动词)4、主谓宾补-do(vt)5、主谓宾宾-do(vt)记双宾语的动词一定要记。6、 There be不及物动词do)be (不及物动词)宾语从句定义：在主谓宾句型的宾语的位置上把做为名词的宾语扩展成一个 be句型或者do句型。可以用下列公式进行表示：主语 +谓语+从句。宾语从句的连词 that ,whether(or not)或 if;which(whichever), who(whoever), whom(whomever) ，whose(w

2、hosever), what(whatever); when(whenever), where(wherever), why，how(however); how many, how much, how long, how often，how soon宾语从句的形式：1、主谓宾句型的宾语从句：作为名词的宾语扩展成一个be句型或者do句型。He knows the n ewsHe knows that the teacher is in classroom2、主谓宾宾-do(vt)句型的宾语从句，把直接宾语变为一个be或do句型。He tells me the newsHe tells the n

3、 ews to meHe tells me that she is a teacherHe tells that she is a teacher to me3、主谓宾补句型的宾语从句需要 it 来做形式宾语I find Chinese important主谓宾补I find that we make a quick decision about this matter important 主 谓 宾语从句 补I find it important that we make a quick decision about this matter 主 谓 形式宾语 补 宾语从句I think it

4、 necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day . 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的 .I feel it a pity that I haven' t been to the get-together. 我没去聚会 ,感觉非常遗憾 .I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯 .4、宾语从句的省略形式：某些形容词后面可以带宾语从句，其形式为sb+be+形容词+that宾语从句:这一类形容词通常是表示人物的心理，情感等状态的形容词如：sure, certain, gl

5、ad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surpriseda. I am glad (that) you helped me.b、I am sure (that) you can pass the exam.1、I am glad of your help.2、I am sure about your exam.分析：上面句子中介词后面所跟成分都做介词宾语。我们完全可以将他们换 成that+陈述句：3、I am glad of that you helped me.4、I am sure about that you can pass the

6、exam. 从语法上讲，以上的结构都是正确的。但是，由于这样表达过于啰嗦，所以我们可以将其简化，省去介词，由于它们是宾语从句，所以连同 that 也可以省 掉，因此，这是一种省略形式的宾语从句。表语从句同样的道理，如果在主系表句型表语的位置上把表语变成一个 be 句型或者 do 句型，则称为表语从句。 The question is difficult _the question is how we make money .主语 系 表 主语 系 表语从句 The question is difficult the question is that she is a thief主语 系 表语从

7、句 The question is difficult the question is that there is a thief in the room主语 系 表语从句 事实是因为每个人都要生活 the fact is because everyone must live小结：表语从句的引导词与宾语从句一样，规律与宾语从句一样，只不过称呼不同而已，因此掌握宾语从句以后，表语从句无需特别学习。但要注意以下几 点：八、1、不可以用if,而用whether连接表语从句（as if例外）。False： The question is if the enemy is marching towards

8、 us（. 错误）Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards u（s. 正确）2、that 在表语从句中不可以省掉。the question is that she is a thief3、注意比较That is because”句型与that is why.句型“That is because”与 “That is why. ” 之间的不同在于 “That is because”指原因或理由，“ That is why. ”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果。例如：1：He did not see the film la

9、st night.That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.2、He had seen the film before.That is why he did not see it last night.（第一句话说明原因， 第二句话说明结果 ）4、当主语是 reason, fact，idea 等抽象名词时，表语从句的连接词应该用 that. The reason is that he didn't go to school The traditional view is we sleep bec

10、ause our brain is“ programmed”tomake us do so.A when B. why C. whetherD. that You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is I disagree.A. why B. where C. whatD. how主语从句 如果将主谓宾或主系表的主语扩展成为一个句子，称为主语从句： The question is difficult that she makes money is difficult主语 系 表 主语从句 系 表it is difficult

11、 that she makes money形式主语 系 表 真正的主语It二 that she makes money 主语从句的结构：it is .that . the cat is a fact that there is a cat in the room is a fact主语从句it is a fact that there is a cat in the room形式主语 系 表 真正主语 he knows the news that he knows the news surprises meIt surprises me that he knows the news 小结：主语

12、从句的引导词与宾语从句一样，规律与宾语从句一样，只不过称呼不同而已， 因此掌握宾语从句以后， 主语从句无需特别学习。 但需要注意两点：1, 主语从句有形式主语 it2, 引导词if不能引导主语从句，只能用 whether.（or not）If 不能引导主语从句他明天是否上学还不知道 if he will go to schoolis unclear （错误）it is unclear if he will go to school （错误）Whether he will go to school is unclear It is unclear whether he will go to sc

13、hool （正确 ）3, 以下几点需要注意：It 作形式主语和 it 引导强调句的比较It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接 词没有变化。而 it 引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分， 都可用连词 th at 。被强调部分指人是也可用 who/whom 。例如：It is a pity that you didn' t go to see the film.It was the football team and It had(who) helped the old man4、(1) 主系表的主语从句形式it + 系+表+从句It

14、 is a fact that 事实是It is natural that 很自然(2) 主谓宾的主语从句形式： it+ 谓语(及物动词) +宾语+从句(3) 主谓的主语从句形式：it + 谓语(不及物动词)从句It seems that 似乎It happened that 碰巧(4) 主谓宾宾的主语从句形式： it + 谓语+宾语+宾语+从句(5) 主谓宾补的主语从句形式： it +谓语+宾语+补语+从句巩固练习1. Nowadays consumers become more and more practical and buy only they need. A. where B. w

15、hichC. whenD. what2. She'd like to offer money to n e e d s it to continue his or her study.A. whoB. whomC. whoeverD. whomever3. -If you are admitted to a key university, as a prize?- I'm looking for a cell phone.A. What you expect your father will offer youB. Do you expect what your father

16、will offer youC. What do you expect will your father offer youD. What do you expect your father will offer you4. Yesterday he sold out all his stamps at he thought was a reasonable price.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. as5. Generally speaking, we have seen seems more believable than wehave been told.A. wha

17、t; thatB. what; what C. that; what D. that; that6. After three days' waiting, there was a little doubt in the mother's mind the police could find her lost child.A. howB. that C. whereD. whether7. "Sustainable development" is a question we can continue developingthe world without da

18、maging the environment.A. whyB. whenC. that D. how8. We'd like to do we can the poor.A. how; helpB. all; to help C. whatever; help D. however; tohelp9. My parents used they had to get a new car for my brother.A. whichB. all whatC. what D. 不填10. She was so angry at all he was doing she stayed up

19、allnight.A. that; thatB. that; whichC. what; thatD. what; as11. After seemed ages, the newsman disclosed the facts.A. thereB. whichC. whatD. that12. Our school is no longer it was 10 years ago, it was notwellequipped.A. what; which B. that; which C. what; whenD. that; where13. Our bad living habits

20、will destroy the earth. Only by changing welivecan we save the earth.A. thatB. whatC. howD. where14. Thinking that you know in fact you don't is a serious mistakeA. whatB. thatC. whenD. however15. Energy is makes things work.A. whatB. everythingC. something D. anything16. One of the men held the

21、 view the book said was right.A. that whatB. what that C. that D. whether17. I think that this meal was well worth was charged for it.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. how many18. Do you think the reason he gave is believable?A. for whichB. which C. why D. what19. Although he knew little about the large amou

22、nt of work done in the field, he succeeded other more well-informed experimenters failed.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where20. Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders will happentoher private life.21. The news has spread all over the country the spaceship succeededinreturning to the earth.A.

23、 thatB. which C. whether D. what22. You can choose book you like among these.A. no matter whatB. whatever C. whose D. whichever23. Is this research center we visited the modern equipment last year?A. whereB. thatC. the one D. which24. Loulan city is not at all a traveler who has never seen the deser

24、tbeforecan expect.A. whatB. thatC .which D. where25. What the doctor is uncertain about is my mother will recover from theserious disease soon.A. whenB. how C. whetherD. why26. We should buy our daughter a computer in it can help to improve herEnglish.A. whichB. thatC. what D. whom27. I wish to have

25、 a friend with shares my hobbies and interests.A. whomeverB. no matter who C. whoever D. anyone28. Why don't you bring to his attention that you are too busy to do it.29. The task required did it careful and brave enough.A. who; is B. whom; was C. whomever; were D. whoever; be30. We wrote a lett

26、er of thanks to _A. who B. those31. - What are you anxious about?A. Whether we can succeedC. Do you succeed_ had helped us.C. whom D. whoeverB. If we succeedD. That we can succeed32. I just don't understand that prevents so many Americans from beingas happy as one might expect.A .why it does B.

27、what it does C. what it is D. why it is33. -I rang you at about ten, but there was no reply.单靠“死”记还不行,还得“活”用,姑且称之为 “先死后活 ”吧。让学生把一周看到 或听到的新鲜事记下来 ,摒弃那些假话套话空话 ,写出自己的真情实感 ,篇幅可长可 短 ,并要求运用积累的成语、名言警句等 ,定期检查点评 ,选择优秀篇目在班里朗读 或展出。这样 ,即巩固了所学的材料 ,又锻炼了学生的写作能力 ,同时还培养了学生 的观察能力、思维能力等等 ,达到“一石多鸟 ”的效果。 -Oh, that was pr

28、obably I was seeing the doctor.A. when B. why C. what D. that34. I kept this picture I can see it every day as it reminds me of my university days.35. -I can't find Mr. Smith .Where did you last see him this morning?-It was in the hotel he stayed.A. that B. where C. which D. since36. You should

29、keep those old jam bottles you never know you mightneed them.我国古代的读书人 ,从上学之日起 ,就日诵不辍 ,一般在几年内就能识记几千个 汉字,熟记几百篇文章 ,写出的诗文也是字斟句酌 ,琅琅上口 ,成为满腹经纶的文人。 为什么在现代化教学的今天 ,我们念了十几年书的高中毕业生甚至大学生 ,竟提起 作文就头疼 ,写不出像样的文章呢 ?吕叔湘先生早在 1978年就尖锐地提出 : “中小学 语文教学效果差，中学语文毕业生语文水平低，十几年上课总时数是9160课时, 语文是 2749课时,恰好是 30%,十年的时间 ,二千七百多课时 ,用来学本国语文 ,却是 大多数不过关 ,岂非咄咄怪事 !”寻根究底,其主要原因就是腹中无物。 特别是写议论 文,初中水平以上的学生都知道议论文的 “三要素 ”是论点、论据、论证 ,