2014高考英语一轮语法专题12形容词和副词01译林牛津版

1、-1 -2014 高考英语译林牛津一轮语法专题（12）（形容词和副词 01）语法专题十二 形容词和副词高考预练1、People have always beenabout exactly how life on earth began.A. curious B. excited C. an xiousD. careful答案：A.考点：考查形容词的意义和用法。句意：人们一直对于地球生命的起源感到好奇。解析：根据介词about后面宾语从句的意义，可以确定前面表示的是好奇,是“对感到好奇”的意思。2、_in my life impressed me so deeply as my first vi

2、sit to the Palace Museum.A. Any thi ngB. Nothi ngC. Everythi ng D. Someth ing答案：B.考点：考查复合不定代词的用法。句意：我一生中什么都没有我第一次参观故宫给我的印象更深刻。解析：n othi ng用于句中表示否定意义，而其他三个词则表示肯定意义。3、Professor Joh nson, I m afraid I can t finish the report with in this week.How about n ext week?A. Good for you B. It wont bother me C.

3、 Not at all D. Thats OK答案：D.考点：考查交际用语。句意：一约翰逊教授，恐怕我这周完不成报告。一好的，下周怎么样？解析：根据后面的How about next week，可以看出，Johnson教授已经确认这周完不成报告 没关系，所以，用Thats OK。4、Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?be curious about-2 -You should try the barber s _I go. Its only 15.B. which C. where D. that答案：C.考点：考查定语

4、从句。句意：一你能相信我理一次发得花20美元吗？一你应该到我去的那家理发店试试，只需要15美元。解析： 句中the barbers是先行词， 从句中go是不及物动词， 所选关系代词在从句中作 状语， 所以要用where。5、Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hourearly.A. needntB. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt答案：A.考点：考查情态动词。句意：迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么高速驾驶之后，他早半个小时到达了。解析：根据后面的语境，提前半个小时到达，说明M

5、ark本来不必那么匆忙，所以用neednthave done结构，表示“本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了”。6、Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cuttingat the culture showof the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.A. are exhibit ing B. is exhibit ingC. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited答案：C.考点：考查被动语态。句意：想剪纸一样的天津民间传统艺术品正在2010上海世博会的文化展览中展出。解析：因为2010年

6、上海世博会现在还在进行着，所以像剪纸一样的天津传统民间艺术品也是“正在被展览”，所以用现在进行时态的的被动语态形式。7、Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion , and as a manager._A. en ded upB. dropped out C. came back D. started off答案：A考点：考查短语动词的用法。A. as-3 -句意：作为一名职员加入公司，他很快得到提升，最后当上了经理。解析：ended up as作为.而结束的意思；dropped out是退出，退学”的意思；came back是“回

7、来”的意思；started off是动身，出发”的意思。只有A项符合题意。8、It rained heavily in the south，_seriousflooding in several provinces.A. caused B. hav ing caused C. caus ing D. to cause答案：C.考点：考查非谓语动词。句意：南方下了大雨，在几个省区造成严重洪灾。解析：空格后serious flooding是rained heavily的后果，而且句子主语it和cause之间 存在主动关系，所以此处要用动词的ing形式作结果状语。9、My father warned

8、 me going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.A. by B. on C. for D. aga inst答案：D.考点：考查介词用法。句意：我父亲警告我不要去西海岸，因为那里挤满了游客。解析：句中谓语动词warned和介词against搭配，构成warn sb. against doing sth.相当于warn sb. not to do sth， 意思是警告某人不要干某事”。10、As a new graduate, he does n t knowit takes to start a bus in e

9、ss here.A. how B. what C. When D. which答案：B.考点：考查名词性从句。句意：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道需要什么才能在这里开始经营。解析：空格后的从句中takes是动词，其后缺少宾语，所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。/r*归融拓展“林汨m侶形容词用来修饰名词，常放在名词前作定语，或者放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用 来修饰形容词、动-4 -词、其他副词或者整个句子，其位置比较灵活。高考经常考查形容词和副 词的辨析，以及副词短语的辨析。考点一形容词作定语的排列顺序几个并列的形容词作定语，其语序通常为：限定语(a, the，these)+数量形容词(t

10、wo,three)+描绘性形容词(beautiful)+大小、长短、高低等形体性形容词(large,long,high) + 新旧或年龄(old)+颜色(red)+国籍(Ch in ese)+材料(wool,steel) + 目 的或用途+名词。an old brow n woole n carpet一件旧的棕色羊毛地毯考点二倍数表达法1.A is+倍数+比较级+than+B2.A is+倍数+as+ 原级+as+B3.A is+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height等)+of+B4.A is+倍数+that+of+B5.A is+倍数+what引导的名词性从句This bu

11、ildi ng is three times higher tha n that one.This buildi ng is three times as high as that one.This buildi ng is three times the height of that one.这个建筑物是那个建筑物的三倍高。The output of this year is 3 times that of 2012.=The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2012.今年的产量是2012年的三倍。考点三形容词、副词的比较级1.as

12、+形容词+(a/an)+名词+as”表示同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列 时各自所在的位置。It is gen erally believed that teachi ng is as much an art as it is a scie nee.人们普遍认为教学既是一门科学，也是一门艺术。2.as+形容词/副词的原级+as”与not as/so+形容词/副词的原级+as”表示同级比较，即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。The work is not as/so difficult as you imagi ne.这工作没有你想象的那么难。3.the+比较级+of the

13、 two.+名词”表示两者中较的那个”。The taller of the two boys is my cousin.两个男孩中个子高的那个是我表哥。- 5 -4.a+形容词比较级+名词表示“一个更的”。If you study hard，you are sure to have a better future.如果你努力学习，你一定会有个更好的未来。5.比较级的修饰语常见的有：rather,much, still,even,far,any（用于否定句或 疑问句），alot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit等。by far用于比较级时，一 般放在比较级的后

14、面,如在前面,应在二者中间加“the”。He is by far the taller of the two brothers.他目前是两兄弟中较高的。6.表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“the+比较级（主语+谓语），the+比较级（主语+谓语）”的结构（意为“越越”）。The more we do for the old people,the happier we feel.为老人做得越多,我们就越快乐。7.不与其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级+and+比较级”的结构，表示“越来越”。The girl becomes more and more beautiful.那个女孩

15、变得越来越漂亮。8. no+比较级+than表示“和 一样不”。He is no taller than his brother.他和他哥哥一样矮。9.more.than.表示一个人两种品质的比较，意为“与其倒不如.”。He is more shy than unfriendly.与其说他不友善,还不如说他腼腆。考点四 形容词与副词的最高级1最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not really,not quite等。The bridge being built now is by far the longest across t

16、he Yellow River.正在修建的那座桥是目前横跨黄河的最长的桥。2.否定词+比较级=最高级。I have never seen a better film.- 6 -我从未看过更精彩的电影。 （这是我看过的最精彩的）3.“比较级+than any other.+单数名词”表示最高级意义，意思为“比其他任何.He is taller than any other boy in his class.他比他班里其他男孩都高。考点五 常用as.as.结构的词组1.as long as只要；有. 之久I will work as long as I live.只要活着，我就要工作。2.as f

17、ar as.至U地点；就而言As far as I know，he is reliable.就我所知，他是一个可靠的人。3.as high as高达.The average cost of one day in a hospital in that country can run as high as $400.在那个国家里一天的平均住院费用可高达400美元。4.as soon as一.就I will call you up as soon as I get there.我一至那里就给你打电话。5.as well as既.又；和.一样好He who plays the piano as wel

18、l as his father has experience as well as knowledge.他弹钢琴与他父亲一样好，既有知识又有经验。6.as good as与.一样；几乎；简直；和.一样好He is as good as dead.他如同死了一般。考点六 兼有两种形式的副词其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加后缀-ly。这两种形式的副词表 示的意义不同。常见的有：close接近（指距离）closely仔细地，密切地free免费freely自由地，自如地deep深deeply深刻地，深入地hard努力地hardly几乎不wide宽阔widely广泛地high高high

19、ly高度地- 7 -late晚、迟lately近来near邻近nearly几乎most最mostly主要地；绝大多数地pretty相当地prettily优美地just正好justly公正地I can hardly believe that he doesnt work hard.- 8 -我几乎不能相信他工作不努力。考点七 无比较意义的比较级句型归纳1.no more than=only只有，仅仅，只不过There are no more than a hundred people in the hall.大厅里只有100人。2.not more than=at the most不超过，至多There are not more than a hundred people in the hall.大厅里至多100人。3no less than多达，不少于He wal