高考英语语法复习：连词讲解+练习)

1、语法：连词Link words连词是虚词，不能在句中单独担任成分，只起连接作用。按其用法，连词可分为两大类：并列连词（Coordinate Conjunctions）和从属连词（Subordinate Conjunctions）。一.并列连词：连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子。1. 并歹 U 关系：and, not only but also , both and , neither norI used to live in Paris and London.Both Jane and Jim are interested in fishing.The weather here is neit

2、her too cold nor too hot.She is not only kind but also honest.2. 转折关系：but, yet, while（然而）,when（然而，偏偏）The car is very old but it runs very fast.The problem was a little hard, yet I was able to work it out.The winter in Beijing is very cold while that of Kunming is warm.Why did you borrow the book whe

3、n you had one?3.选择关系：or, not but , either or ,Would you like to live or would you like to stay?He is not a teacher but a writer.You can come either on Saturday or on Sun day.4.因果关系：forIt must have rained last night, for the ground is wet now.The leaves of the trees are falling, for it s already autu

4、mn.5.区别（1）and 和 or1）并列结构中，or 通常用于否定句，and 用于肯定句。2）但有时 and 也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：There is no air or water in the moon.There is no air and no water on the moon.在否定中并列结构用or 连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用ando典型例题I dont like chi eke n_ fish. -1 dont like chicke n,_I like fish very much.A. and ; and B. a nd; but

5、 C. or; but D. or; and 答案 Co 否定句中表并列用or, but 表转折。判断改错：（错）We will die without air and water.（错）We cant live without air or water.（对）We will die without air or water.（对）We cant live without air and water.（2）表示选择的并列结构11）or 意思为”否则”。I must work hard, or I ll fail in the exam.2) either- or 意思为或者.或者.。注意谓语动

6、词采用就近原则。Either you or I am right.(3) 表示转折或对比1) but 表示转折，while 表示对比。Some people love cats, while others hate them.典型例题-Would you like to come to dinner tonight? I d like to,_I m too busy.A. and B. so C. as D. but答案 Do but 与前面形成转折，符合语意。而表并列的and,结果的 so,原因的 as 者 E 不符合句意。2) notbut 意思为不是.而是. not 和 but 后面的

7、用词要遵循一致原则。They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being.(4) 表原因关系1) for判断改错：(错)For he is ill, he is absent today.(对)He is absent today, for he is ill.for 是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。2) so, thereforeHe hurt his leg, so he couldnt play in the game.、I 注息：a. 两个并列连词不能连用，

8、但therefore, then, yet.可以和并列连词连用。You can watch TV, and /or you can go to bed.He hurt his leg, and so / and therefore he couldnt play in the game.b. although yet- -,但 although 不与 but 连用。(tt) Although he was weak, but he tried his best to do the work.(对) Although he was weak, yet he tried his best to d

9、o the work.注意：not only but also 关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词not 而必须倒装。Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.neither -nor 意思为”既不也不”谓语动词采用就近原则，与 nor 后的词保持一致。比较 so 和 such其规律由 so 与 such 的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little 连用，形成固定搭配。1s

10、o much/little money.such rapid progressso many peoplesuch a lot of peopleso many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many,但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用 such 搭配。 so- that 与 suchthat之间的转换即为so 与 such 之间的转换。二.从属连词：指在复合句中引导从句的连结词。常见的从属连词有:引导时间状语从句的：引导原因状语从句的：引导让步状语从句的：引导条件状语从句的：引导结果状语从句的：引导目的状语从句的：引导比较状语从句的：引导方式状语从句的：引导地点状语从句的：

11、after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as because, since, asalthough, though, no matter (无论)，even if (though)if, unless, once, as (so) long asso, so that, sothat -, suchthatso, so that -, in order thatasas -, not so (as), as, thanas, as if , as thoughwhere, wherever引导名词性从句(主语，宾语

12、、表语或同位语从句)的连词主要有：that, whether, if 三个。其中 that和 whether 间或还可以引起同位从句和状语从句。(一)某些用法比较特殊的从属连词用法区别1当 while, when, as 引导时间状语从句时的区别：1while 引导的状语从句中动词必须是延续性。谓语动词多为进行时，或状态动词的一般时。while 的这些用法可用 when 代替，等于 at the time that ” , during the time that ”例女口: Please keep quiet while (when) others are studying ；2when 除

13、可指一段时间外，还可用来指一点时间，等于at the time, when 引出的时间状语从句中的谓语动词可以是终止性的，也可以是延续性的。因此主句和从句的谓语可以是一般时，进行时，或完成时。例女口: When I went into the lab, the teacher was doing an experiment.(不能用 while)He often makes mistakes when he is speaking English. (when 可换成 while )3as 常可与 when, while 通用，但强调 J 边、一边”。例女口: As (when, while)

14、 I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of number 37.4when 引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致，主、谓是主语+系动词”结构时，这时主语和系动词可以省略。例女口: When (he was) young, he worked for a rich man.She II be here to give you help when (if it is) necessary.so + adj.so + adj. + a(n) + n.so + adj. + n. (pl.)so + adj. +

15、 n.不可数so foolishso nice a flowerso many/ few flowerssuch + a(n) + n.such + n. (pl.)such +n. (pl.)such +n.不可数such a foolsuch a nice flowersuch nice flowers5when 有时代替 if,引导条件句，意为 如果、假如，例如：I II come when (if) I m free.2、before 作连词一般表示时间，意为在之前”，但有些句子中这样译就显得别扭。试看以下句子的翻译：He almost knocked me down before h

16、e saw me.他几乎把我撞倒才看见我；Before I could get in a word he had measured me.我还没来得及插话，他已经给我量好了尺寸。3 till, until 作为介词式从属连词引导时间状语短语或状语从句，用于否定句时，结构为 notuntil (till)主句谓语动词延续与非延续皆可，意为 直到才”。用于肯定句时，只与延续性动词连用，表示 到为止”。例如：They played volleyball until (till) it got dark.They didn tts（l 延续）until （till） the interpreter（译

17、员）came.He didn tgotobeE 延续）until（till）the his father came back. ；until 可以放在句首，till 则不行，例女口: Untilthe last minute of the match we kept on playing.Not until he finished his work did he go home.（倒装）；till, until 只用于时间， 以下句子是错误的：We walked till the edge of the forest.（要用 as far as 或 to）。4、because, since,

18、a 囲导原因状语时注意使用上的区别：1如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用 because 因此 because 引导的从句往往放在句末。用 why 提问的句子，一定用 because 回答。例女口: He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill.;2如原因已为人们所知，或不如句子的其他部分重要，就用as,或 sinceo since 比 as 更正式些。as 和since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例女口: As you are tired, you had better rest./ Since every one is her

19、e, now let s begi n.5、although 和 though 引导让步状语从句往往用法一样，但注意以下区别：1although 用于各种文体，而 though 则多用于非正式的口语或书面语中。注意由 although, though 引导的从句后，主句不能用but,但可用副词 yet, still。例女口: Although/ Though it rained all the morning, they still went on working. （或 yet they went on working ）2though 常与 even 连用，even though 表示强调

20、，意为即使，但不能说 even although ,例女口: Even though I didn t understand a word, I dept smiling.3though 可用作副词，意为然而”，常用逗号与句子分开。although 则不能这样使用，它只作连词。例女口: It was a quiet party, I had a good time, though.6、once 作副词译 曾经”，作为连词译 旦”，引导条件状语从句。相当于if 的加强形式。例如：I don t believe he was once a thief, （one 这里是副词”Once Aristo

21、tle had made up his mind that heavy objects always fell faster than light objects, he taught it as atruth to his students. （once 连词）7、unless 引导条件状语从句等于if not o例女口: He II accept the job unless the salary is too low. （ = He II accept tejisbri if分开使用，有时它可与 whether 合起来使用，但不能与if 合起来使用。例女口: I don t know w

22、hether/ if they will come or not./I don t know whether or not they will come.6if 可用来引导条件状语从句，译 如果，whether 则不行。例女口: If you work hard, you are sure to succeed.40、as 作从属连词可引导多种状语从句。1as 引导时间状语从句，意为 当时”。例女口: As (he was) a young man, he was a storekeeper and later a postmaster./ He sang as he worked.2as 引

23、导方式状语从句，意为象一样。例如： We must do as the Party teaches us.3as 引导原因状语从句。意为由于，例如：As you are tired, you had better rest.4as 引导让步状语从句。意为虽然、 尽管Child as he is, he can do it well. ( = Although he is a child, hecan do it well.) 另外，as 做为关系代词还可以引导定语从句，女口： I have the same book as you.连词while是高考一个命题的热点，你知道其考点主要涉及哪些方

24、面吗？一、.考查表示时间的用法，其意为当 的时候 。女口：We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。Stand still while I take your photograph. 我给你拍照时站着不要动。Have we got enough books to read while we are on holiday? 假期里我们有足够的书看吗？Were there any calls for me while I was out? 我出去的时候，有人来过电话吗？She hates anyone listening while she is

25、telephoning. 她打电话时不愿让任何人听。二、考查表示让步的用法，其意为“尽管”“虽然”。女口：While the work was difficult, it was interesting.虽然工作有难度，但很有趣。While I understand what you say, I can t agree with you.虽然我理解你的意思，但我还是不同意。三、考查表示对比的用法，其意为“而”“但”。女口：Some people waste food while others haven t enough. 一些人糟踏食物而另一些人却食不果腹。I went swimming

26、while the others played tennis.我去游泳，而其余的人则去打网球了。Prices are rising sharply, while in comes are laggi ng far behi nd. 物价飞涨而收入去卩远远落后。注：这样用时， while 引出的句子通常位于末，但有时也可位于句首。女口：While most chi Id re n learn to read easily, some need extra help.大多数儿童学会阅读很容易，有一些儿童却 需要特别帮助。While Deauville is a holiday resort, Tr

27、ouville is more of a working town.特维尔是个度假胜地，而特鲁维尔更多的却是个工业城市。四、考查其省略用法，即主句与从句主语相同，且从句谓语动词含有动词be 时，通常可省略从句主语和动词 be。如：While (he was) in prison, she wrote her first novel.她在狱中写出了第一部小说。He had strayed from home while still a boy. 他小时候就离开家到处流浪了。He fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework.他做着做着功课就睡着了。I

28、 was only listening to the radio with half an ear, while (I was) preparing some food.我正在做吃的东西， 没太留心听收音机。3【考点实训】1. She just sits there reading her story book,_ I do all the work.A. until B. while C. because D. though2. Their economy has expanded enormously,_ ours, by contrast, has declined.A. while B

29、. unlessC. in case D. which3. Could you watch my bags for me,_I go to the toilet?A. though B. unless C. what D. while4. The professor is typing his own letters_ his secretary is ill.A. what B. which C. if D. while5. She said she was going to the shops and asked me whether I wanted anything_she was o

30、ut.A. though B. while C. which D. before6. Tea is the most popular drink,_coffee comes second.A. since B. until C. what D. while7. Schools in the north tend to be better equipped,_ those in the south are relatively poor.A. since B. before C. while D. because8. It is no accident that men fill most of

31、 the top jobs in nursing,_ women remain on the lower grades.A. after B. since C. while D. which9. _ trying to open the can, I cut my hand.A. Though B. Because C. For D. While10. Some people prefer a vegetarian diet,_others prefer a meat-based diet.A. though B. while C. which D. for11. He didnt ask m

32、e in; he kept me standing at the door_ he read the message.A. while B. before C. after D. which12. Nows the time to buy a car,_ the interest rates are low.A. but B. which C. while D. until13. The couple took good care of the baby_occupied by their work.A. while B. after C. which D. since14. How did

33、you spend your time_ you were on holiday?A. although B. while C. which D. since15. Because Jane had once had a bad accident_driving, she was afraid to try it again.A. though B. unless C. for D. while（以上答案均是 while）练习连词1 .He is very old,_ he still works very hard.A. butB.ifC.whenD.as2. _ you are dismi

34、ssed.A. Neither you go norB. Either you go orC. Whether you go orD. Both you go and3. They had camped once before,_they knew what to take.A. becauseB. nowC. soD. since4. Why these things happened was_ the driver had been careless.A. because ofB. owing toC. due toD. that5. Although, its raining,_ are

35、 still working in the fields.A. theyB. but theyC. and theyD. so they6. _we have satisfied you, you have no grounds of complaint.A. SoB. Since thatC. Now thatD. By now.7. Write clearly_your teacher can understand .you correctly.A. sinceB. forC. becauseD. so that8. Youll miss the train_ you hurry up.A

36、. unless B. as C. if D. until9. Francis did the task_ his brother.A. as good as B. as better as C. as well as D. as best as10. The size of the audienee,_we had expected, was well over twenty thousand.A. asB. whatC. thatD. whom11thought he hated the TV .You are right,_he still watches the program.A.

37、yetB. besidesC. alsoD. then12. It looks_ its going to rain.A. that B. as C. as if D. like that13._ to New York, her father has not heard from her.A. Because she wentB. After she went14. _ he daydreamed, Peter saw figures in the sky.A. Until B. Since C. While D. During15. We arrived at the station_th

38、e train had left.A. after B. before C. since D. when16. _ he was in poor health, he worked just as hard as every one else.A. ButB. AlthoughC. Even ifD. If17. Give me one more minute_ ni have finished.A. so B. until C. and D. when18. The worker hunted for jobs in New York for months,_ he could not fi

39、nd any work.A. andB. yetC. or19. Hurry up,_ youll be late.A. orB. andC. so20. Do not make the same mistake_I did.C. When she wentD. Since she wentD. and butD. yet4A. soB. as C. likeD. that21. My sister is expecting me,_ I must be off now.A. however B. or C. so D. otherwise22. We should pay attention

40、_ to industry_ to agriculture.A. either, orB. neither, norC. not, butD. both, and23. He ran of_ I could stop him.A. beforeB. afterC. sinceD. when24. _you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.A. Till B. Until C. After D. Since25. Where have you been_you left home?A. before B. as C. since D.

41、when26. _the problem of method is solved, talking about the task is useless.A. UntilB. SinceC. After27. We have produced 15% more cotton this year_ we did last year.A. asB. thanC. like28t is late;_, rm too tired to go out.A. besides B. except C. except for D. except that29. Everything around us is_s

42、olid .liquid_ gas.A. not. .but.B. either., .or.C. neither., .nor.30. He will come_ you ask him.A. whetherB. unless C. if D. while31. _he will come or not is still unknown.A. If B. Where C. That D. Whether32dorT t know_ to stay at home or go out.A. whether B. ifC. how D. where33. He spoke loudly_the

43、audienee could hear him clearly.A. soB. thatC. so that34. The book is not easy._its rather difficult.A. On the one hand B. On the contrary C. On the other hand D35. You must work hard,_ you will not learn English well.A. ifB. whetherC. otherwise36. It rained heavily,_ the basketball match had to be

44、put off.A. so thatB. whenC. otherwise37. We must do_ the people want us to do.A. whateverB. howeverC. wherever38. You are certainly right,_others may say.A. what B. whatever C. that D. as39. _makes mistakes must correct them.A. Who B. What C. Whoever D. Whatever40II discuss it with you_ you like to

45、come.A. whenB. whereC. whoeverD. UnlessD. whiteD. whether., .or.D. in order toOn the other contraryD. unlessD. thereforeD. wheneverD. wheneverrd like to go swimmingthe water is not too cold.41._you work, you must always serve the peopleheart and soul.A. WhereverB. Whenever_you understand this rule,

46、you will have nofurther difficulty.A. OnceB. At onceC. Only_ difficult the task may be, we must fulfil it this month.A. No matter how B. No matter whatC. No matter whenWe can surely overcome these difficulties _A. so far asB. so long as_I know he will stay here for half a year.A. as soon asB. as lon

47、g asPlease write me_ you arrive in New York.A. as well asB. so long asC. as far asThat is not_I want.A. thatB. whyC. whatD. who sehe did it remains a secret.It is quite clear_ he wont see us.A. whatB. thatC. whyD. howWould you tell me_way I should take?B. that C. which D. whoseI am sure_ you said is

48、 true.A. whatB. thatC. which D. whoThe trouble is_we can not find such an expert.A. whyB. thatC. whereIt has not been decided_ they will leave.A. whyB. whenC. whichWe shall go_ you are ready.A. while B. as soon as C. asD. sinceHe will tell you about it_you get there.A. whileB. as C. whenD. /Dont try

49、 to get off the bus_ it has stopped.A. whileB. asC. sinceni come and see you_ I go to the countryside.A. whileB. whenC. as soon asD. before_ he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in thestudy of English.A. WhileB. WhenC. SinceD. AfterThings have ch a nged a lot_ I wrote to you

50、 last time.A. whenB. sinceC. asI cant use your pen,_there is no ink in it.A. for B. when C. if D. whether42.43.44.45.46.47.48.49.50.51.52.53.54.55.56.we are closely united.C. as soon asC. so far asA. WhatB. WhomC. WhichD. HowD. WhenD. OnlythenD. as well asD. as well asD. as soon asD. /D. whatD. beforeD. beforeA. what5练习、连词1.（全国卷 2）13. We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall,_ , in fact, there were 40.A. while B. whether C. what D. which2.（北京卷）