【英语语法】英语现在分词和过去分词

1、整理课件非谓语动词整理课件非谓语动词的类型:Infinitive 不定式不定式Gerund 动名词动名词Participle 分词分词-ing 分词分词-ed 分词分词整理课件 -ing分词分词(以以make为例为例 )-ed 分词分词Having mademakingbeing madeHaving been mademadeXXX整理课件分词在句中承担的成分分词在句中承担的成分:v由于分词具有由于分词具有形容词性和副词性形容词性和副词性,在句在句子中不能充当具有名词特征的子中不能充当具有名词特征的主语和主语和宾语宾语.整理课件-the sun which is rising-ing分词和分

2、词和-ed分词修饰名词有分词修饰名词有前置位前置位&后置位后置位.1. the rising sun 2. He is a retired worker.-He is a worker who has already retired.e.g.v3. The problem bothering us is the lack of money.v4. These are goods imported from Japan. 前置位前置位:后置位后置位v- The problem (which is) bothering us is the lack of moneyWhats the di

3、fference between -ed and ing participle?-ing分词表示分词表示“进行进行” -ed分词表示分词表示“完成完成”-ing分词表示分词表示“主动主动”-ed分词表示分词表示 “被动被动”主动主动进行进行被动被动完成完成在时态上在时态上:在语态上在语态上:- These are goods (which were) imported from Japan. 整理课件Exercises : vThe _(work) people have played a great role in the activity. vI dont like _(can) food

4、 , I prefer something fresh . workingcannedv1. 站在她妈妈旁边的那个女孩站在她妈妈旁边的那个女孩看上去很胆小。看上去很胆小。vThe girl_ by her mother looked very timid. v2. 最近到处最近到处在议论的话题在议论的话题都与都与2008年奥运会有关。年奥运会有关。v vThe topics _ everywhere recently are concerned about the Olympics 2008 .who was standingstandingbeing discussedwhich are b

5、eing discussed整理课件Whats the difference?1. The topics being discussed everywhere recently areconcerned about the Olympics 2008. to be discusseddiscussed进行进行完成完成将来将来2. The topics _(discuss) at tomorrows meeting are concerned about the Olympics 2008.3. The topics _ (discuss) at yesterdays meeting were

6、about the Olympics 2008.整理课件巩固练习一巩固练习一v用所给动词的正确形式填空：v1)The man_ (question) in the police station now is a spyv2)A man_ (respect) others will be respectedv3)Half of the guests _(invite) to the conference were foreigners.v4)The matter _(discuss) is very important整理课件v5.被汽车撞伤的小孩被汽车撞伤的小孩马上被送到了医院。马上被送到了医

7、院。 vThe boy was sent to the hospital immediately.v6.每天给我办公室送邮件的人给我办公室送邮件的人是位退休工人是位退休工人.vThe man every day is a retired worker .injured by the cardelivering mails to my office整理课件vThe glass is broken.vThe food smells inviting .vWhat he said sounds_ (convince). vHe was _(interest) in what he learned i

8、n Canada and he thought everything in Canada was _(interest)convincinginterestedinteresting这道菜香味怡人。这道菜香味怡人。Please fill in the blank with the verb given：使信服整理课件v类似情况还有：surprising surprised, v exciting excited, v tiring tired , v disappointing disappointed, v encouraging encouraged ，v amazed amazing ,

9、 v bored boring , v pleasing pleased, v astonishing astonished. v-ed 分词分词vSb. + Link.v + -ed分词分词v-ing分词分词 vSth. + Link.v + -ing分词分词 人的感觉人的感觉事物本身的特点事物本身的特点整理课件巩固练习二巩固练习二v用所给动词的-ed 或ing形式填空：v1)The journey was quite_(tire)v2)The result of the exam made me _ (disappoint)v3)This was really an _moment(exc

10、ite)v4)His _look suggested that he didnt understand it(puzzle)v5)He seemed quite _at the idea. (delight)v6)The present situation is _(encourage)整理课件vThey caught him cheating in the mid-term examinationvHe was caught cheating in the mid-term vexamination.vYou cant leave the workshop with the machine

11、running.整理课件vFill in the blank:v1.He was surprised to find his room thoroughly _.(clean)v2.Last night I saw him _(play) the violin with his eyes _(shut).“被动被动”“主动主动”More exercisescleanedplayingshut“被动被动”整理课件vI heard my sister _ that song in English outside. (sing) They once heard the song _ in Engli

12、sh. Mother heard her kid _ the door . vMother heard the door _. (open)vWith the test _(finish), we began to analyze the result.vWe _ during our last meeting.我们留下了很多问题没解决.vWould you please speak louder so as to _? A. make you hear B. make yourself hear C. make you heard D. make yourself heardleft a l

13、ot of problems unsolvedDsingingsungopeningopened巩固练习三巩固练习三finished整理课件分词作状语，分词作状语，修饰谓语修饰谓语，大多说明动作发生，大多说明动作发生的背景或情景，表示的背景或情景，表示时间、条件、原因、让时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随情况步、伴随情况等。一般说来，这一结构的等。一般说来，这一结构的逻逻辑主语辑主语是是主句的主语主句的主语,而句子本身可与而句子本身可与状语从状语从句句等句型转换。等句型转换。整理课件v1.When we heard the news, we jumped with joy. v= Hearing t

14、he news ,we jumped with joy.v2.When it is heated, the metal expands.v Heated, the metal expands.v3.Because he didnt know how to do it, he went to his father for help.v= Not knowing how to do it, he went to his father for help. v4.As they were deeply moved, the children began to cry.v= Deeply moved b

15、y the story, the children began to cry. “主动主动”“被动被动”表示表示时间时间表示表示原因原因=整理课件v5. _(look) out of the window, you can have a full view of the beach.v= If you look out of the window, you can have a full view of the beach. v6._ (keep) in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.v =If they are kept i

16、n refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.表示表示条件条件Looking Kept 整理课件v7. The children rushed out, shouting and jumping. v8. She walked out of the house, _by her little daughter. (follow)v9. She walked out of the house, _ her little daughter. (follow)v10. (consider) as a building material, woo

17、d is not very strong. v= Although it is considered as a building material, wood is not very strong.v e、表示、表示让步让步表示表示方式和方式和伴随情况伴随情况followedfollowingConsidered 整理课件v11.The car was held up by the snowstorm, thus _ (cause) the delay. v12.The glass fell to the ground, _ (break) to pieces. 表示结果表示结果分词作状语时，

18、分词前可加连词表示强调。分词作状语时，分词前可加连词表示强调。e.g. heated, ice can be changed into water When tired ,I went on with the work. walking in the street, I saw a road accidentWhileThoughcausingbroken整理课件分词分词整理课件分词的时态分词的时态:v-ing/ -ed +主句主句（不强调动作先后）（不强调动作先后）;vHaving done vHaving been doneve.g.v1.Used as a means of traffi

19、c in China, the bike is very useful.v2. Having been used for many years, the bike needs repairing. More exercises+ 主句主句（强调时间先后）（强调时间先后）整理课件v1)The president promised to keep all the board members_ (inform) of how the negotiations were going onv2)_(be) there more than once, the old professor offered t

20、o show us around the newly-built library.v3)_(invite)to go to camping, Paul ordered a new sleeping bagv4)_ (not know) his telephone number, she lost touch with rmedHaving beenHaving been invitedNot knowing整理课件v分词的逻辑主语分词的逻辑主语:v分词的分词的逻辑主语逻辑主语一般为一般为_,但当分词但当分词的动作执行者和句子的动作执行者的动作执行者和句子的动作执行者不一致不一致

21、时，分时，分词前必须有自己的主语，词前必须有自己的主语，e.g.vIf weather permits, we will have a field trip. vWeather permitting, well have a field trip tomorrow v这被称为这被称为_。v时间允许,我们将在去杭州的路上顺道看一下我叔叔.vTime permitting, we will visit my uncle on my way to Hangzhou.主句的主语主句的主语分词的独立结构分词的独立结构整理课件v*但有些分词作状语属习惯用法，分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语可以不一致。v如：Ju

22、dging from the expression on his face, he had failed the driving test againv Generally speaking ,girls are more careful than boys .v类似的还有:vSpeaking ofvTalking of v整理课件高考题v1.The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.(2004)vA. to smell B. smelling C. smelt

23、D. to be smeltv2.The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.(2004)vA. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recordedv3. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.(2003)vA. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D

24、. when to be takenBBA整理课件4._ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not receivedC5.Before _, the machine must be checked. being used B. using it C. being used to D. using A6._ better attention , the vegetables could have grown better wi

25、th the sun shining brightly in the sky and _ them light. A. Giving; given B. Given; given C. Giving; giving D. Given; givingD整理课件1._ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To loseC解析“陷入深思陷入深思”有两种表达法，有两种表达法， A. Lose oneself in thought B. be lost in t

26、hought 综合练习综合练习整理课件v5) Victor apologized his_ (not be) able to inform me of the change in the plan.v6) After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home,_ (exhaust).v7) The discovery of new evidence led to the thief_ (catch).v8) Generally_ (speak), When _(take) according to the directions,

27、the drug has no side effect.v9) She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_ (play) in making the earth a better place_ (live).speakingtakento playto play整理课件v10 ) Though_ (lack) money, his parents managed_ (send) him to university.v11) - How do you deal with the disagreeme

28、nt between the company and the customers?v- The key_ (solve) the problem is _(meet) the demand _(make) by the customers.v12) With a lot of difficult problems_ (settle), the newly-elected president is having a hard time.v13) _ (suffer) such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late_ (clear) up

29、the river.v14) Do let your mother_(know) all the truth. She appears_ (tell) everything.lackingto sendto solvingto meetmadeto settleHaving sufferedto clearknowto have been told整理课件v16) Sandy could do nothing but_ (admit) to his teacher that he was wrong.v17) Mr. Reed made up his mind _(devote) all he

30、 had to_ (set) up some schools for poor children.v18) One learns a language by_ (make) mistakes and_ (correct) them.v19) Ive worked with children before, so I know what_ (expect) in my new job.v20) Tony was very unhappy for_ (not invite) to the party.admitto devotesettingmakingcorrectingto expectnot

31、 having been invited整理课件v21)_ (give) the general state of his health, it may take him a while_ (recover) from the operation.v22) There are five pairs of shoes_ (choose) from, but Im at a loss which_ (buy).v23) Cleaning women in big cities usually get_ (pay) by the hour.v24) What worried the child most was his_ (not allow) visit his mother i