43各类名词前的冠词用法

1、4.3各类名词前的冠词用法专有名词前冠词的用法转悠迷你歌词前一般不加冠词，因为它本身就是特指的，即使前面有相容次修饰 时通常也不加冠词，如：人名：Shakespeare jack London, queen Elizabeth , little tom , big Hugh, john smith junior ；地名：Paris, Los Angeles, ancient Rome, east Africa, Western Europe, southern France, North America;其他：July, Easter, English但有许多特殊情况：1）在某些地理名词前要加

2、定冠词a. 江，河，海，洋：the Yangtze river , the Hudson river , the pearl river, the red sea , the Mediterranean, the Indian ocean ,the pacific ocean ,the arcticb. 山脉，群岛：the tain shan mountain , the rocky mountains ,the Philippines , the riukiu isla nds the west in dies但 mount Emei ,Christmas islandc. 海峡，海湾：th

3、e English channel , the Taiwan straits , the bay of Biscay , the gulf of Mexico湖名前一般不加冠词，如：Lake success, Don gti ng lake, lake Baikal但个别湖名前也有加the的，如：The lake of Gen eva , the west lake , the great salt lake另有少数地名前通常加the:The Netherlands , the Vatican , the Balkans, the middle east ,the Hague ,the Ukr

4、aine , the Caucasus , the Crimea ,the Sahara, the Auden, the Yemen.2） 由普通名词构成的专有名词很多要加the:a. 某些国家名及政治组织名称：The people republic of china, the United States, the united kingdom, the united nations, the general assembly, the republican party.（但 parliament 和 congress 前不力卩 the）b. 某些机构、学校、建筑物等的名词：The Briti

5、sh museum ,the national gallery , the Philadelphia orchestra ,the Victoria chest hospital, the Bronx zoo, the midland banal , the university of Washington, the royal college of art, the Harlow technical college, the Odenton ci nema, the pen tag on , the Hilt on （hotel）, the phoe ni x（theatre）,the ti

6、ta nic.c. 某些报刊杂志的名称：The new York times , the Chisagotribune, the Washington post , the labor mon thly , the daily n ews , the observer ,the econo mist ,the times （但有些不加，如：life，Newsweek， Harper s）3）下面这类名词前通常不加冠词：a. 多数街名：Fleet street , Marst on road , riverside ave nue , park lane , rodeo drive ,sun s

7、etboulevard(但 the high street)b. 多数广场名：Russellsquare , Berkeley square ,times square , Piccadilly circus (但 the red square )c. 车站、机场、公园、桥梁名Central station ,Kennedy airport , central park , Waterloo bridge但 the golden bridge )d. 大学名：Harvard University, Oxford University, Oregon state university, Ball

8、iol College (但:the uni versity of east An glia, the in stitute for con temporary arts)e. 节日名：Nati onal day , may day , new yearhristmas ” Caster , tha nksgi ving day ,St. valentine s day ,international women s day(但 the mid-autumn festival ,the spring festival)f. 大多数杂志名：Time, new scientist, English

9、Ianguage teaching, us news and world report, reader s digest4) 任命前面一般不加冠词，但在一些特殊情况下也可以加，如：A Mrs. Gree n is wait ing to see you.My boss is a little n apole on,I didn t know you were an ardent Romeo.The smith you re look ing for no Ion ger lives here.The little Verta was now eightee n mon ths old.The

10、theory was adva need by the great Ein ste in.还可以用在某些专有名词前表示一种车、一张某人的画像等：The car was a Buick, not a Benz.He had a van Gogh in the dining room.What a stra nge London he saw!He ordered a sec ond martini.抽象名词前冠词的用法1) 抽象名词前一般不加冠词：The music is full of life.Practice makes perfect.I wish you joy.While there

11、 is life there is hope.即使前面有形容词修饰，一般也不加冠词：She cared little for social life.This in vitati on gave him particular joy.He has always bee n in terested in classical music.You have give n me fresh hope.2) 若抽象名词用于特指(即指特定的内容)，特别是一份由限制性定语修饰时， 多加定冠词：Minor accide nts can shorte n the life of a car.Her childr

12、e n were the joy of her life.The youn ger gen eratio n is the hope of the n ati on.He went on play ing the music of Mozart.特指和泛指相对，试比较下面的句子：特指泛指She has a passi on for music. My research made alow progress.God advice is bey ond price.I worked all day,but without result.What do you think you the music

13、?He asked about the progress of my book.She immediately took the advice. What s the result of your inv estigati on?限制性定语(limiting attributes)指of引导的定语或某些定语从句，他们限制 名词的意义，使指特定内容，和它相对的则是描绘性定语(descriptiveattributes)(这种定语只描绘，不限定意思)限制性定语描绘性定语The price on p.2a picture by a childThe grammar book you wanta bo

14、ok you must readThe girl sitti ng therea hard-work ing girlThe idea hr put forwarda won derful idea3）抽象名词在一定情况下可加不定冠词，用来表示：a. 种、一场等：she always had an affect ion for me.He had a strong dislike for cold weather.She showed a certa in elega nee.He felt a great tendern ess for RuthIt was a just war.b. 某动

15、作的一次、一例等：Do you care for a smoke?The report called for a public inquiry.He made a careful check of the acco un ts.It made a good an alysis of the situati on.c. 引起某种情绪的人或事：This work has bee n a great joy.He is a shame to his family.Seeing him so active was a great en courageme nt.Her son was a great

16、disappo in tme nt to her.d. 表示某种品质的具体行动、人或东西：Would you do me a favor?You were a great help to us.In some places, white bread is a luxury.A forced kindn ess deserves no tha nks.由于每个抽象名词情况都不一样，不清楚时最好查一下字典。物质名词前面冠词的用法1）物质名词前一般不加冠词Do you like tea or would you prefer coffee?We can t live without air.We u

17、se water for drinking and wash ing.They were diggi ng for gold.We expect snow before morni ng. 即使前面有形容词，一般也不加冠词：Is that In dia n tea or Chin ese tea?Cold air blew in through the ope n win dow.Is this fresh water?It s made of pure gold.Heavy snow is reported in the n orth.2）物质名词特指时勤勉也可以加the:How do you like the tea?The air was bad.Some one has falle n into the water!The gold they found weighted two kilo.The visitors disappeared in the whirli ng snow.Don t sta nd in the rai n.3）物质名词前面或加不定冠词，表示：A. 场，一阵：A heavy snow was falli