完整英语时态和语态ppt课件

1、 语态语态时态时态主动主动被动被动一般现在时一般现在时v. /v.sam /is /are + Vp.p一般过去时一般过去时vedwas / were + Vp.p一般将来时一般将来时will + v.will be + Vp.p过去将来时过去将来时would + v.would be + Vp.p过去完成时过去完成时had + Vp.phad been + Vp.p现在完成时现在完成时have /has + Vp.phave /has been + Vp.p现在进行时现在进行时am /is / are + Vingam /is /are + being + Vp.p过去进行时过去进行时was

2、 /were + Vingwas /were + being + Vp.p如今完成进展时如今完成进展时,过去完成进展时和未来完成时经常考到过去完成进展时和未来完成时经常考到.最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配一般现在一般现在every , sometimes,at , on Sunday 现在进行现在进行now, 现在完成现在完成for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently 一般过去一般过去yesterda

3、y, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now 过去进行过去进行this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening when, while 过去完成过去完成before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as 一般将来一般将来next, tomorrow, in 过去将来过去将来多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的动作的动作1

4、普通如今时普通如今时1.客观真理，客观存在，科学现实或表示格言或警客观真理，客观存在，科学现实或表示格言或警句不受时态限制句不受时态限制 Knowledge begins with practice. She said that the sea water is salty. In some parts of the world, such as in England , tea _ with milk and sugar.A. is serving B. serves C. is served D. served-The girl _ weight recently. -Yes , she

5、_ too much.has gained ,is eating B. gains ,eats C. is gaining, ate D. is gaining ,eats2)表示现状、性质、形状时多用系动词或形状动词；表表示现状、性质、形状时多用系动词或形状动词；表示经常或习惯性反复出现的动作，多用动作动词，且示经常或习惯性反复出现的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用常与表频率的时间状语连用,如如always, often, now and then等。等。Ice feels cold.We always care for each other and help each oth

6、er.3)表示知觉、态度、感情、某种笼统的关系或概念的词表示知觉、态度、感情、某种笼统的关系或概念的词常用普通如今时：常用普通如今时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong 、 seem等。如：等。如：I know what you mean.Smith owns a car and a house.All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.4)4)少数用于表示起止的动词如少数用于表示起止的动词如comecome、gogo、l

7、eaveleave、arrivearrive、flyfly、returnreturn、startstart、beginbegin、penpen、closeclose、endend、stopstop等常用普通如今时等常用普通如今时替代未来时，表示一个按规定、方案或安排要发生的动作。往替代未来时，表示一个按规定、方案或安排要发生的动作。往往是由自然往是由自然, ,日历或时辰表规定而不变且周而复始循环进展的日历或时辰表规定而不变且周而复始循环进展的情况情况, ,句中常带有时间状语句中常带有时间状语. . The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day.The shop

8、 closes at 11:00 p.m. every day. Tomorrow is Wednesday. Tomorrow is Wednesday. The train leaves at three this afternoon. The train leaves at three this afternoon. The plane takes off at 15:00. The plane takes off at 15:00. School begins on Friday. School begins on Friday. 5)在时间、条件、方式、退让状语从句中常用普通在时间、

9、条件、方式、退让状语从句中常用普通如今时替代未来时如今时替代未来时,如如when, before, until, If, as soon as等。等。If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased. -Put these glasses away before they _. -OK. Ill put them in the cupboard.have broken B. are breaking C. get brokenD. will be broken6) 倒装句由倒装句由

10、here，there开头的句子，动词用普开头的句子，动词用普通如今时表示如今正在发生的动作通如今时表示如今正在发生的动作 Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.普经过去时普经过去时: 1)根本用法：表示过去的事情、动作或形状根本用法：表示过去的事情、动作或形状常与表示过去详细的时间状语连用或有上下文语境常与表示过去详细的时间状语连用或有上下文语境暗示；用于表达过去的习惯。暗示；用于表达过去的习惯。1.-Look! Someone has spilt 溢出溢出coff

11、ee on the carpet.地毯地毯 -Well , it _ me. A. isnt B. wasnt C. hasnt been D. hadnt been2.-Ive bought a box of chocolates for our daughter. -Oh, how good a dad! But she doesnt like sweet things. _ that? A. Dont you know B. Havent you known C. Didnt you know D. Hadnt you known3.-Was Mary in the office whe

12、n you arrived there? -Yes , but she _soon afterwards. A. had left B. left C. would leave D. will leaveHe told me he _an interesting novel last night . He told me he _an interesting novel last night . 假设从句中有一个过去的时间状语，虽然从句中的动作假设从句中有一个过去的时间状语，虽然从句中的动作先于主句发生，但从句中的谓语动词用过去式。先于主句发生，但从句中的谓语动词用过去式。普经过去时的考点分析

13、考核重点。普经过去时的考点分析考核重点。表示过去的事情、动作或形状常与表示过去详细的时间表示过去的事情、动作或形状常与表示过去详细的时间状语连用或有上下文语境暗示；用于表达过去的习惯；状语连用或有上下文语境暗示；用于表达过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事 I met her in the street yesterday.I met her in the street yesterday. He used to smoke a lot. He used to smoke a lot. I thought the film would be

14、interesting, but it isnI thought the film would be interesting, but it isnt. t.readreadyesterday, last night , two days ago, in 2019, before liberation, at that time3)追想逝去的人或事,常用过去时. Lei Feng set a good example to the people throughout the world. Charlie Chaplin was a great actor and acted in many f

15、ilms.4)普经过去时有时也可表示如今的行为,但口气要比用普通如今时更加委婉,客气.这样的词有think, wonder,hope等.I wondered if you could do me a favour.5)表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语衔接，表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语衔接，用普经过去时。如：用普经过去时。如：but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.He b

16、ought a watch but lost it.6)常用普经过去时的句型：常用普经过去时的句型：Why didnt you / I think of that?I didnt notice it.I forgot to tell you I had been there with mybrother before.I didnt recognize him. 3.普通未来时普通未来时 1) 表示未来的动作或形状常用表示未来的动作或形状常用will / shall + 动词动词常与表示未来的时间状语边用如常与表示未来的时间状语边用如tomorrow、next week等。等。 2) 表示一种

17、趋向或习惯动作。表示一种趋向或习惯动作。 Well die without air or water. 3) 表示未来时的四种方式表示未来时的四种方式 will /shall +动词原形动词原形 be going to do be about to do(正要干什么正要干什么) be to do be going to 有很强的方案性，计划干什么，而will表示说话时暂时决议的意图，具有暂时性和偶尔性* be going to 表未来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will那么能，表志愿。如： If it is fine, well go fishing.(正确) If it is fine

18、, we are going to go fishing.(错误) -The telephone is ringing. -I _ answer it. A. will B. am going to C. am to D. am about to -Alice, why didnt you come yesterday? -I _, but I had an unexpected visitor. A. had B. would C. was going to D. did be going to 可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。而will 不能表示 Look at the clouds! It

19、s going to rain.3. be to3. be to和和be going to be going to 表示商定、方案或职责、义务要求即将发生表示商定、方案或职责、义务要求即将发生的动作还可表示吩咐、命令、制止，能够性的动作还可表示吩咐、命令、制止，能够性等。等。be to do be to do 安排将要干什么，有很强的方案性，安排将要干什么，有很强的方案性，有时有时=be going to=be going tobe to be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事. .be going to be going to 表示客观的计划或方案。表示客观

20、的计划或方案。I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon.Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon.4 4be about to do be about to do 表示表示“正要干什么正要干什么， 表示即将发生的动作，不与表示未来的时间状语连用。表示即将发生的动作，不与表示未来的时间状语连用。常与常与when when 连用，连用，whe

21、n when 此时意思：此时意思： 就在这时，是并列连就在这时，是并列连词词 构成句型：构成句型： be about to do when. be about to do when. I was about to leave when it rained. I was about to leave when it rained. 特别留意特别留意1 1普通如今时表示未来，特别用于车、船、飞机普通如今时表示未来，特别用于车、船、飞机等时辰表中安排好的。等时辰表中安排好的。The plane leaves tomorrow.(The plane leaves tomorrow.(虽然有虽然有tom

22、orrow, tomorrow, 但没有但没有will ,be going to )will ,be going to )2 2某些瞬间动词某些瞬间动词“go, come, arrive ,leave ,start, begin, go, come, arrive ,leave ,start, begin, fly, take fly, take 等用如今进展时表示将要发生的动作。等用如今进展时表示将要发生的动作。 I Ive won a holiday for two to Florida. I _my mum.ve won a holiday for two to Florida. I _

23、my mum. A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have been 表示在最近按方案或安排要进展的动作表示在最近按方案或安排要进展的动作 , ,仅限于少量动仅限于少量动词：词：return , stay , do, have, see sb off return , stay , do, have, see sb off Are you staying here till next week? Are you staying here till next week?任务进展的怎样样？任务进展的怎样样？任务进展的相当顺利。任务进展的相当顺利。

24、他提高很快。他提高很快。我们想在这里建一座我们想在这里建一座水坝。水坝。风挺大风挺大有人找他接。有人找他接。How are you getting on with your How are you getting on with your work?work?The work is going fairly smoothly.The work is going fairly smoothly.YouYoure making rapid progress.re making rapid progress.WeWere thinking of building a dam re thinking

25、of building a dam here.here.It Its blowing hard.s blowing hard.Someone is asking for you on the Someone is asking for you on the phone.phone.如今进展时如今进展时: :1 1表示说话时正在进展而尚未完成的动作或形状。表示说话时正在进展而尚未完成的动作或形状。2 2表示现阶段不断在进展的动作表示现阶段不断在进展的动作, ,但说话时不一定正在进但说话时不一定正在进表近期特定的安排或方案；表近期特定的安排或方案；gogo、comecome等起止动作可用进展时替等

26、起止动作可用进展时替代未来时代未来时I donI dont really work here. It really work here. Im helping until the new secretary comes.m helping until the new secretary comes.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_ so rap

27、idly. technology_ so rapidly. A. will have changed B. has changed A. will have changed B. has changed C. is changing D. will change C. is changing D. will change -Ann works very hard. -In fact. I think she _ just( -Ann works very hard. -In fact. I think she _ just(只只是是) now.) now.studied B. is study

28、ing C. studies D. will study studied B. is studying C. studies D. will study My money _. I must go to the bank to My money _. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out of before Idraw some of my savings out of before Ive ve none in hand.none in hand.A.has run out B. is running out A.has r

29、un out B. is running out C. has been run outD. is being run out C. has been run outD. is being run out I can guess you were in a hurry. You _ I can guess you were in a hurry. You _ your sweater inside out.your sweater inside out. A. had worn B. wore A. had worn B. wore C. are wearing D. were wearing

30、 C. are wearing D. were wearing1.You _things about . Look, what a mess in you 1.You _things about . Look, what a mess in you room!room!A. always throw B. have always thrown A. always throw B. have always thrown C. are always throwing D. have always been thrownC. are always throwing D. have always be

31、en thrown2.You _ television. Why not do2.You _ television. Why not dosomething more active?something more active? A. always watch B. are always watching A. always watch B. are always watching C. have always watched D. have always been C. have always watched D. have always been watchingwatching如今进展时与

32、如今进展时与always, continually , constantly, never always, continually , constantly, never 等连用，表示不满厌恶或赞扬的感情颜色。等连用，表示不满厌恶或赞扬的感情颜色。 过去进展时过去进展时1 1表示表示 过去某一时间正进展的动作过去某一时间正进展的动作 。通常有时间状语。通常有时间状语从句，或由上下文表示。从句，或由上下文表示。 1.-Hey ,look where you are going? 1.-Hey ,look where you are going? -Oh, I -Oh, Im terribly s

33、orry ._.m terribly sorry ._. A. I A. Im not noticing B. I donm not noticing B. I dont noticingt noticing C. I haven C. I havent noticing D. I wasnt noticing D. I wasnt noticingt noticing 2.-Hey ,what did I say? 2.-Hey ,what did I say? -I _. -I _. A. I A. Im not listening B. I was not listening m not

34、 listening B. I was not listening C. I don C. I dont listened D. I didnt listened D. I didnt listent listeneg. This time yesterday ,they were having luncheg. This time yesterday ,they were having lunch2 2 表示表示 过去某一阶段不断在进展的动作，但这个动作可以完，过去某一阶段不断在进展的动作，但这个动作可以完，也可以不一定完成。也可以不一定完成。-Why didn-Why didnt you

35、join us last night?t you join us last night? -I _ the live programs on the war between Iraq and the -I _ the live programs on the war between Iraq and the States.States. A. watched B. was watching C. had watched D. have been A. watched B. was watching C. had watched D. have been watchingwatching-Why

36、 weren-Why werent you at the meeting?t you at the meeting? -I _ for a long distance call from my father in Australia. -I _ for a long distance call from my father in Australia. A. waited B. was waiting C. had waited D. have been A. waited B. was waiting C. had waited D. have been Good heavens ! Ther

37、e you are ! We _ anxious about you . We Good heavens ! There you are ! We _ anxious about you . We _ you back much earlier all through the night._ you back much earlier all through the night. A. are , expect B. were, had expected A. are , expect B. were, had expected C. will be , are expecting D. ha

38、ve been ,were expectingC. will be , are expecting D. have been ,were expecting -You look tired. -You look tired. -Yes. I _ until twelve o -Yes. I _ until twelve oclock.clock.A. am working B. was working C. has worked D.had workedA. am working B. was working C. has worked D.had worked3 3 在简单句中有在简单句中有

39、at that time, then , this time at that time, then , this time yesterday / last week, at 10 oyesterday / last week, at 10 oclock last night clock last night 等详细的时间状语用过去进展时态。等详细的时间状语用过去进展时态。I first met Lisa three years ago . She _ at a I first met Lisa three years ago . She _ at a radio shop at the ti

40、me.radio shop at the time.has worked B. was working has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had workedC. had been working D. had worked特别留意：特别留意：与与alwaysalways连用，表示感情颜色。连用，表示感情颜色。My brother was always losing his key.My brother was always losing his key.1. Look! How wonderful my car is! Oh,

41、Jack. What are you thinking about? Dont you like it? Im sorry I _ any remark about it in time. I certainly think its smart.A. wasnt making B. dont make C. wont make D. didnt make2. To find the street where I lived in my childhood is no easy task because the city _ so rapidly all these years.A. is ch

42、anging B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change3. He _ quite well, but he hasnt had time to swim since this summer.A. will swim B. have swum C. swam D. swims4. Jimmy said that he would come to pick me up, but he _by now.A. hasnt turned up B. doesnt turn up C. wont turn up D. hadnt turned u

43、p5. Im terribly sorry for being late, but I _ the wrong bus.A. catch B. had caught C. caught D. catching7. The truth, sir, is that the old man _ across the road when my car hit him.A. was to walk B. had been walking C. walked D. was walking8. I really dont think Rose will be upset, but I will go and

44、 see her in case she _.A. is B. does C. will be D. has been9. The computers made by our company sell best, but several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the markets that they _.A. were playing B. were to play C. had played D. played10. Kate is in hospital. Oh, really? I _. _ visit her

45、.A. didnt know; Ill go and B. dont know; Ill go andC. dont know; Im going to D. didnt know; Im going to11. Where _ the guidebook? I cant see it anywhere. I _ it right here, but now its gone.A. did you put; have put B. had you put; have putC. have you put; put D. were you putting; put14. Do you live

46、in this city? No, we _ it for holidays.A. just visit B. just visited C. are just visiting D. have visited15. How is the old man now? Sorry, he _ though they did all they could to save him.A. was dead B. had died C. has been dead D. died16.The lake will be further polluted unless some measures _.A. w

47、ill be taken B. are taken C. were taken D. had been taken 17. Im afraid it will be two months _.A. when I come back B. when Ill come back C. before I come back D. before Ill come back18.The workers _ busily when the boss came to look for something he _ in the office.A. had worked, had left B. were w

48、orking ; had left C. working ; had left D. had worked; left19.The notice _ “No smoking. A. is told B. reads C. tells D. is read4如今完成时如今完成时如今完成时除可以和如今完成时除可以和for、since引导的状语连用引导的状语连用外，还可以和下面的介词短语连用：外，还可以和下面的介词短语连用：during / in /over the last(past)few years (months, weeks)、in recent years等。等。以下句型中常用如今完成时

49、以下句型中常用如今完成时It is (has been) + 一段时间一段时间 + since从句从句This(That / It)is the first(second)time that + 完完成时成时This(That / It)is the only + that + 完成时完成时This(that / It)is the best / finest / most interesting + that 从句从句 + 完成时完成时在时间或条件状语从句中，如今完成时可以替在时间或条件状语从句中，如今完成时可以替代普通未来时。如：代普通未来时。如：I shall post the lett

50、er as soon as I have written it.If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory better.Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.5过去完成时过去完成时 常用过去完成时的几种情况：常用过去完成时的几种情况：1.在在by、by the end、by the time、until、before、since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句以前发生的动作。后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句以前发生的动作。如：如：By the end of last y

51、ear, we had produced 20,000 cars. The train had left before we reached the station.2)表示未曾实现的希望、计划、意图、诺言等。常用表示未曾实现的希望、计划、意图、诺言等。常用had hoped / planned / meant / intended/thought / wanted / expected等或用上述动词过去式接不定式完成式表示即：等或用上述动词过去式接不定式完成式表示即：hoped / planned + to have done。I had hoped to see her again.我本希

52、望再见她一面我本希望再见她一面.(但没但没能如愿能如愿)3“时间名词时间名词 + before在句子中作状语，谓语动词用在句子中作状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；过去完成时；“时间名词时间名词 + ago在句中作状语，谓语动在句中作状语，谓语动词用普经过去式。词用普经过去式。如：如：He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years before. Xiao Hua left school 3 years ago.4表示表示“一一就的几个句型：就的几个句型：Hardly / No sooner / Scarcely had + 主语主语 + 过

53、去分词过去分词 + when / than / before + 普经过去时。普经过去时。如：如：We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. = No sooner had we been seated than the bus started.在在before或或after引导的时间状语从句中用普经过引导的时间状语从句中用普经过去时态替代过去完成时。去时态替代过去完成时。After he (had)left the room, the boss came in.We arrived home before it snowed.1. T

54、he old man _ two days after he had been sent to hospital. A. died B. would die C. had died D. has died 2. Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but soon _ to his old ways. A. returned B. returns C. was returning D. had returned 3. I _ my son _ a doctor, but he wasnt good enough at science. A. ho

55、ped; would become B. had hoped; would become C. had hoped; will become D. hope; will become 4. I _ to take a good holiday this year, but I wasnt able to get away. A. hope B. have hoped C. had hoped D. hoped 5. Helen _ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home. A. has left; co

56、mes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come 6过去未来时过去未来时参照普通未来时对比：参照普通未来时对比：would do、was / were going to do sth.表过去未来；表过去未来；come、go、leave等过去进展时表过去未来时；等过去进展时表过去未来时；was / were to do sth.和和was / were about to do sth.表过去未表过去未来。来。7过去进展时过去进展时过去某一时辰正在进展的动作或某一阶段内发生或频繁过去某一时辰正在进展的动作或某一阶段内发生

57、或频繁发生。发生。某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生，其中一个在由某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生，其中一个在由when或或while引导的时间状语从句中。引导的时间状语从句中。9.如今完成进展时构成：构成：have /has been doinghave /has been doing表示过去某一动作形状不断继续到如今，也表示过去某一动作形状不断继续到如今，也能够将继续下去。能够将继续下去。 -Isn -Isnt it hard to drive downtown to work?t it hard to drive downtown to work? -Yes, that -Yes, that

58、why I _ to work by train. why I _ to work by train. A. have been going B. have gone A. have been going B. have gone C. was going D. will have gone C. was going D. will have gone 9. 9.未来完成时：未来完成时： will / shall +have done will / shall +have done 表示未来某一时间之前完成的动作，常与表示表示未来某一时间之前完成的动作，常与表示未来时间的状语连用，如：未来时间

59、的状语连用，如： by the end of+by the end of+未来时间的短语未来时间的短语, , by the time + by the time +从句从句用普通如今时表示普通从句从句用普通如今时表示普通未来时，这时句子或主句运用未来完成时未来时，这时句子或主句运用未来完成时 We will have finished the work by the time he comes We will have finished the work by the time he comes back.back.10.10.普通未来进展时；普通未来进展时； will be doing /

60、shall be doing will be doing / shall be doing 表示未来某一时间正在进展的动作表示未来某一时间正在进展的动作 What will you be doing this time tomorrow?What will you be doing this time tomorrow?1.By the end of this month, we surely _ a satisfactory solution to the problem. A. have found B. will be found C. will have found D. are fi