定语从句关系副词讲解及练习

1、Unit2GrowingPains定语从句（2）定语从句中关系副词的用法LearningContent:LearnAttributiveClausesRelativeadverbs:where,when,whyLearningAims:LearnhowtouserelativeadverbsinattributiveclausesLearningdifficultandimportantpoints:ThedifferencebetweenrelativeadverbsandrelativepronounsPeriod：One自主学习过程关系副词是联系先行词和定语从句的词。定语从句中的关系副词

2、有三个：when,where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下：1. 表时间的名词+when+定语从句，when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。例句：IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.InlleverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.2. 表地点的名词+where+定语从句，where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。例句：Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoye

3、arsago.3. 表原因的名词reason+why+定语从句（why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。）例句：ThatisthereasonwhyIdidthejob.（在现代英语中why可以省略）上句也可以这样表示：ThatisthereasonIdidthejob.关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：1） "when'："where和“why的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子：* IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIfi

4、rstmetyouontheseashore.* Iwillneverforgetthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherinXueyaoMiddleSchool.* *Thisisthehospitalmymotherworks.* *Thisisthehospitalwevisitedthedaybeforeyesterday.知识小结（判断定语从句引导词的方法）方法一：不及物动词则要求用关系副词when,where,why,从句中的谓语为及物动词且后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；方法二：先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时选择关系代词（who,whom,that,wh

5、ich,whose）;先行词在从句中做状语时选择关系副词（where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语）2） "when""where和"why都可以替换成介词+which;介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如：DoyoustillrememberthedayonwhichwefirstmetinNantong?（onwhich=when）Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.（inwhich=where）s birthday party. (for which=why)Doyouknowthereas

6、onforwhichherefusedtogotoMary3)有时关系副词“when”“where引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象，是为了平衡句子的语法需要。DoyourememberoneafternoontenyearsagowhenIcametoyourhouseandborrowedadiamondnecklace?ThedaysaregoneforeverwhentheChinesepeopleused“foreignoil.”.Homework1 、Filltheblankswithproperrelativewords.(SBP96C1)2 、Correctthemist

7、akesineachsentence.(SBP96C2)专项训练1 ThisistheplaceJohnwasborn?AwhichBwhereC.whenDthat2 .HeistheonlypersonIwanttotalkto.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose3 Isthisproblemtheteacherexplainedlastweek?AtheoneBthatCwhichDone4 ThehighbuildingstandfourpolicemenisthepolicestationAwhichBthatCinfrontofitD.infrontofwhich5

8、 MymotherwillgiveMaryamodelplaneshewillliketoplayAwhichBthatCforwhichDwithwhich6 ThefilmbroughtthehoursbacktomeIwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage.AuntilBthatCwhenDwhere7 TherearetimesIwonderwhyIdothisjobAasBwhileCwhichDwhen8 AfterlivinginLondonforthirtyyears，MrSmithreturnedtothesmalltownhegrewu

9、pasachildAwhichBwhereCthatDwhen9 TheyhadalongtalkaboutthepersonsandthingstheybothknewAwhomBwhatC.thatDwhich10 ThatistheverybookIamlookingfor.AthatBwhichCwhatDas1B.先行词是地点，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。2 .A.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时，关系代词常用that。3 A.缺少先行词，故选A,作宾语的关系代词省略。4 D介词+关系代词引导定语从句。5 D.playwith是一个固定结构，故选with

10、which。6 .C.先行词为时间名词hours,在定语从句中作状语。7 D先行词为时间名词times，在定语从句中作状语。8 B先行词为地点名词，在定语从句从中作状语。9 .C.先行词包含人和物，关系代词只能用that。10 A.先行词被thevery修饰，关系代词只能用that。5巩固提升1 WhoisthescientistisgoingtogiveusatalkonspacethisSunday?AthatBwhoC.whichDwhom2 Idon'tlikethewayyouspeaktoyourteacherABinthatC.whichDofwhich3 Couldyo

11、utellmewhentogetthebookIwanttoread?AwhatBwhoCDit4 ThedayswespentinTokyotogetherwillneverbeforgotten.A.whenBwhichCwhoDonwhich5 ApenfriendofmineIoftenreceivelettersaskedmeforsomeChinesecoins.AwhoBwhomCtowhoDfromwhom6 .Don'tforgetthedayyouwereadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.AwhenBthatCatwhichD.where7 P

12、erhapsthisistheonlyshopyoucangetsuchcheapgoods.A.thatBofwhichCbywhichDwhere8 IcanstillremembertheplacemybrotherandIusedtositintheevening.AwhichBwhatC.thatDwhere9 isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As10 Allisneededisasupplyofoil.A.thethingB.whatC.thatD.which11 Hewass

13、eriouslyillwhenhewasachild,madehimlosehissight.A.asB.thatC.whichD.it12 Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasinglepersonhecouldturnforhelp.A.thatB.towhomC.whoD.fromwhom13 HetoldthesamestoryItold.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it14 ThebestworkisthatTomhasdone.A.itB.whichC.whenD.where15 .Thefirstthingweshoulddoistowaterthe

14、flowersinfrontoftheroom.A.whichB.asC.whatD.that16 .Anygirls_knewhimwereteachers.A.whereB.thatC.theyD.whom17 .Thehousefellandhurtawomanandherdog_werejustpassingby.A.whichB.asC.thatD.who18 Thatisthehotelwestayedlastyear.A.inthatB.inwhichC.whyD.atwhich19 .ThisisthereasonwemadeMrLiheadmasterofourschool.

15、A.whereB.whenC.beforeD.why20 .Thestudentwhodoeswellinhislessonisthemonitor_isverymodestandstudieshard.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which答案与简析：11. A.Who引导的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句关系代词只能用that,以免重复。12. A.way为先行词时，关系代词用that或inwhich或不填。13. C.关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，指物，可以用that或which或不填。14. B.spent是及物动词，关系代词which作其宾语。15. D.receivealetterfr

16、omsb.收到某人的来信，先行词为人，故选fromwhom。16. A.先行词为时间，在定语从句中作状语，表示何时进入北大。17. D先行词为地点，在定语从句中作状语。18. D.先行词为地点，在定语从句中作状语。19. D.As引导的定语从句在句中的位置比较灵活，可置于句首，亦可置于句中，亦可置于句尾。as常作宾语或构成as加be动词加过去分词的结构，或构成as加be动词加表语的结构。as引导的定语从句在句中修饰的是整个句子。20. C.在定语从句中，当先行词为all,anything,nothing,everything,little,much等不定代词时，关系代词用that,而不用whi

17、ch。21. C.which引导非限制性定语从句并指代前面的主句。Which的这种用法和as有区别，which常用作行为动词的主语且由它引导的定语从句只能置于句尾。1.8. .介词加关系代词的用法，"turntosbforhelp为固定结构。23 .C.先行词由same或such修饰时，关系代词用as。24 .B.先行词为that时，关系代词用which。25 .D.当先行词由序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时，关系代词用that。26 .B.当先行词被any,all,no等修饰时，关系代词用that。27 .C.当先行词包括人和物时，关系代词用that。28 .D.介词加关系代词的用法，

18、介词的选用应根据从句谓语动词和先行词的搭配来决定。29 .D.在reason后的限制性定语从句（一般没有非限制性定语从句）可由why引导。在现代英语里why也可省略。30.8. 一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词用who,另一个宜用that。1. IshallneverforgetthoseyearsIlivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,hasagreateffectonmylife.A.that;whichB.when;whichC.which;thatD.when;it2. ThedaysweweretogetherwithoutanyworriesaregoneandI'llalwaysrememberthedwespenttogether.A.which;thatB.when;whenC.when;thatD.which;when3. Wearelivinginanagemanythingsaredoneoncomputer.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when4. Today'Sschuanhasbecomearepresenta