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1、名词名词可以分为可数名词与不可数名词,其中可数名词具有单、复数的形式;而不可数名词没有复数形式。可数名词:规则变化:1一般情况下,直接加-s,如: book-books, bag-bags,cat-cats, bed-beds2以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾,加 -es,如: bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches, brush-brushes,glass-glasses, dress-dresses3以 “辅音字母 +y ”结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加 -es,如: family-families (家庭), butterfly-butterflies (
2、蝴蝶), lady-ladies ,strawberry-strawberries (草莓)注意:“元音字母 +y ”结尾的,直接加 -s,如: day-days, boy-boys4以 “f或 fe ”结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加 -es,如:knife-knives ,leaf-leaves(落叶),wolf-wolves(狼), shelf-shelves(架子), half-halves (一半), thief-thieves (小偷)注意:特殊情况直接加s:gulf-gulfs (海湾) ,roof-roofs(屋顶) ,belief-beliefs (信仰) ,proof
3、-proofs (证据) 此处知道即可,暂时不用记不规则变化:1 man-men, woman-women , policeman (男警察) -policemen , policewoman (女警察) -policewomen , mouse-mice, child (孩子) -children , foot-feet , tooth-teeth(牙齿),ox-oxen (公牛)2 fish-fish (鱼) , sheep(羊) -sheep, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,people-people(人,人们)注意 :fis
4、h :当一条鱼讲时,单复数同形,如three fish.当各种各样的鱼讲时,即强调鱼的种类时,要加 es.如: all kinds of fishes . 各种各样的鱼当鱼肉讲时,不可数。people:当 people 后加上 s 时即 peoples 表示 “民族 ”例如: There are 56 peoples in China. 中国有 56 个民族。实记 : tomato-tomatoes(西红柿),potato-potatoes(土豆),hero-heroes(英雄)negro-negroes(黑人), volcano-volcanoes (火山)zoo-zoos, photo-p
5、hotos不可数名词water(水 ) 、 milk( 牛奶 )、 tea(茶 ) 、 rice( 米饭 ) 、juice (果汁)、 bread(面包), soup(汤), hair ,meat, news(消息), work (工作), paper(纸), weather(天气), luck (运气), grass(草)中日不变,英法变,其余1 be 动词遇到名词时的运用s 加后面German-Germans(: 单数名词用is, 复数名词用德国人 are.)2可数名词可以和冠词a/an 连用,不可数名词前不可以用冠词a 和 an 均用在单数名词之前,表示某一类人或事物中的" 一
6、个不强调数目观念。a/an." ,相当于汉语的" 一",但a 用在辅音 (音素) 之前, an 用在元音 (音素) 之前。如: a notebook 一个笔记本, a book一本书, an old man一位老人, an English class一堂英语课。字母 u 读作 ju:时,由于第一个音j是辅音,故前面用a,不用 an。如:a usefulbook一本有用的书,a university一所大学。字母h 如不发音,第一个音又是元音,前面用an而不用 a,如 an hour一小时, an honest person一个诚实的人。3 many+可数名词、 m
7、uch +不可数名词(表示数量很多)few+ 可数名词、 little+不可数名词(表示数量极少)没几个a few+ 可数名词、 a little+不可数名词(表示数量极少)有几个some, any , a lot of、lots of既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词4、对可数名词的数量提问用how many对不可数名词的数量提问用how muchHow many books do you have?How much milk does he drink in the morning?5、可数名词的数量可以直接用数词来修饰如: two students(两个学生)也可用 many、 a
8、few、 some、 any 、a lot of ,lots of,most of等修饰。不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法:1)用 much ,a little ,some, any, a lot ofa lot of ,lots of,most of等表示多少。如 There is much water in the bottle .瓶中有很多水。I'll tell you much good news.我要告诉你许多好消息。2) 用单位词表示。(用 a . of表示。)如a cup of(一杯 .), a bottle of(一瓶 .)a piece of(一张 .), a pai
9、r of shoes(一双鞋)two cups of tea(两杯茶) ,five pieces of paper(五张纸)名词的所有格有些名词的可以加s 来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词的形式称为该名词的所有格。如 Mary's father(玛丽的父亲 )、 Jim's mother(吉姆的母亲 )。与所有格相对来看,不带这种词尾的形式就称为普通格。1) 单数名词词尾加 s,复数名词词尾如没有 s,也要加 s。如 Tom's knife(汤姆的小刀 )children's books(儿童书籍 )2) 表示几个人共有一样东西, 只需在最后一个人名字后加 s,
10、如果表示各自所有, 则需在各个名字后加 s。如 Jim and Mike's room吉姆和麦克 ( 共用 ) 的房间3) 若名词已有复数词尾 -s ,只加 "'" 即可。如 the students' reading-room(学生阅览室 )Everyone needs to have at least eight hours' sleep a night.每个人每晚需要至少 8 小时的睡眠。表示时间和地点的名词where is today's newspaper?an hour's walk isn't far.今
11、天的报纸在哪儿?一小时的路程不远。练习题一、写出下列名词的复数,无复数用/表示。I _this _that_watch _ diary_day_foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _ peach_ sandwich _man_ paper_juice_water_milk_rice_tea_二、填入适当的词。1. I have two_ (knife)2. There are many _ here. (box)3. There are many _ on the road. (bus)4. A few _ are d
12、rawing on the wall. (boy)5. The _ are playing football now. (child)三、选择a 或an或不填(用/表示)penapplebananaorangesbagbig applewaterpen四、选择填空1、 Best wishes to you for_ Day!A 、 Teacher sB、 TeachersC、 Teacher2、 Many children like to go to the_Palace on Sunday.A 、 ChildrenB、 Children sC、 Childrens 3、 This is_ r
13、oom. It s very big.A 、 Lily and Lucy sB 、 Lily s and Lucy sC、 Lily s and Lucy4、 We visited_house yesterday.A 、 TomB 、 TomsC、 Tom s5. The hospital is a bit far from here. It's about _ .A. forty minutes's walkB. forty minute's walkC. forty minutes walkD. forty minutes' walk<一>、写出
14、下列名词的复数形式1、 orange2 、 class6、 child7、 shelf11、 toy12、 foot16、 army17、 tomato3、 text8、 bed13、 Japanese18、 fox4 、 monkey9、 country14、 radio19、 woman5、 piano10、 family15、 photo20、 knife21、 sheep<二 >、选择填空1、 Thereon the wall .They are very beautiful.A. are photoesB. are photosC. is a photoD. is pho
15、tos2. How many _ do you see in the picture?A. tomatosB. tomatoesC. tomatoD. the tomato3. _ and _ are not friends.A. FoxswolfsB. FoxeswolfsC.Foxeswolves4.That sart book.A. anB. aC. theD are5.The boys get.A.two breadB.two breadsC.two pieces of bread D.two piece of bread6.The old man wants.A.six boxes
16、of applesB.six boxes of appleC. six box of apples D.six boxs of apples7.Theresomein the river.A. is ,fishB. are, fishsC. is, fishsD. are ,fish8.Theretwoin the box.A. is watchB. are watchesC. are watch D. is watches9.We should cleantwice a day.A .our toothB. our toothsC.teethD.our teeth10. They come
17、from different _11. They are_.A . woman teachersB. women teachersC. women teacherD. woman teacher12. Would you like _ ,please?A. two glass of water B. two glasses of waterC. two glass of watersD. two glasses ofwaters13. These are the _ of our national _.A. photosheroes B. photoesheroesC. photosheros
18、14. There are some _ in these _.A.knifespencil-boxesB.knivespencils-boxC.knivespencil-boxD.kn ivespencils-boxes15. There is no _ in the plate.A. applesB. orangesC. riceD. eggs16._ are good for our health.A. TomatosB. TomatoesC. Tomato17.I like to eat cake with_.A. cherriesB. cherryC.cherrys18.The _
19、are running on the _.A. deergrassesB. deersgrassC. deergrass19.I was so hungry and I eat two _.A. bowls of noodleB. bowls of noodlesC. bowl of noodles20.How many _ are there in your class ?A. JapaneseB. AmericanC. AustralianD. Canadian21. Most of _ live in _.A. Germans, GermanB. German, Germen C. Ge
20、rmen, GermanyD. Germans, Germany< >1This is a knife._2That is a tomato._3That child is very good._4These are mice._5Those are children._<>1 How many (radioes, radios) can you see?2 There are 36 (boys, boies) in my class.3 Look at those (sheeps, sheep).4 I don t want (a, an) old cup.5 Giv
21、e me that (box, boxes), please.1)1 bag _2 orange _3 family _4 wish _5 shelf _6 knife _7 key _8 baby _9 tooth _10 foot _11 woman _12 sheep _13 Japanese _14 potato _15 radio _16 child _17 fish _18 photo _19 Frenchman _20 man doctor _21.watch _22. bus _23. sheep _24. foot _25.birthday _26.housewife _27
22、.walkman _28.mouse _29.beach_2)请用括号中名词的复数形式填空1 Look at those _. (child)2 I can see a _ standing near the door. (policeman)3 Do you want some _ for dinner? (potato)4 In autumn, you can see a lot of _ on the ground.(leaf)5 He has two _.One is blue , the other is yellow.( box)6 Two _ live in this build
23、ing .( family )3)选词填空1、 I want three_white paper.A 、 piecesB、 piece ofC、 pieces of2、 Do you want to drink much_ ?A 、 a milkB、 milkC、 milks3、 Do you want some_for supper?A 、 a potatoB 、 potatoesC、 potatos4、 In autumn , you can see a lot of_on the ground.A 、 leafB 、 leafsC、leaves5、 My sister has two_
24、. One is old , the other is new.A 、 a watchB、 watchsC、 watches6. There are some _ on the hill.A. sheepsB. a sheep C. sheepD. sheepes7. There are some new books in the school library. They are _ books.A. childB. childrens'C. childrenD. children's8. The hospital is a bit far from here. It's about _ .A. forty minutes's walkB. forty minute
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