基础教育教研制度范本

1、LOGO基础教育教研制度陈琼陈琼 曹梦婷曹梦婷 黄一平黄一平 杨蕊杨蕊一、教研制度的概念界定v 关于“教研”。 一般理解为是“教学研究”的简称。它与我国建国初期各级各类学校所设立的“教研组”和各级教育行政部门设立的“教研室”有着密切的关系。v 在“教研”概念的外延上有不同的理解：v 1.有学者认为“教研有狭义和广义之分，狭义的教研是指教师对教学工作的研究，广义的教研则是指教师对包括教学活动在内的所有教育实践的研究。” v 2.也有学者认为“教学研究包括教学科学研究(课题研究)和教学工作研究(问题研究)，其内容是丰富的、多层次，方法是多种多样的，教学研究是教学管理和教学指导的前提与基础。”v 3

2、.还有学者认为“所谓教学研究，就是任课教师依照教学大纲对教与学提出的要求，针对教学实践存在的问题，进行理论讨论和教学实验的活动。v在本文中，“教研”是指以教学研究为中心，以教学改革为重点，以提高教学质量为宗旨的一种研究，这种研究从研究主体角度看，包括专业人员的教研和教师的教研两大类。v关于“教研制度”。在本文中理解为“教学研究制度”。v3教研室的建立是教研制度正式确立的重要标志。础教育教研制度的特点v我国教研制度特色是以政府主导、规范化发展 为主线，以独立于学校之外且以学校为支撑的政府教研机构为主干，形成的四级教研网络系统和相应的规 范体系。 v教研制度的整体特点，即以各级教研室为主体的“外控

3、型”教研制度长期占主导地位。它采取的是自上而下、自外而内的教研机制，而不是学校内在的，是输血而不是造血。传统教研制度建设的回顾 v教育部1952年3月18日颁发试行的小学暂行规程（草案）第六章组织、编制、会议制度中最早提出，“教导研究会议由全体教师按照学科性质，根据本校具体情况，分别组织教研组.”，以及在同日颁发试行的中学暂行规程（草案）中亦规定，“中学各学科设教学研究组，由各科教员分别组织，以研究改进教学工作为目的”。这两个暂行规定的出台可以被看作是当代教研制度的创建，因为它规定了教研的组织结构、研究内容，以及研究的目的，从此教研成为学校的一种制度，教研组成为学校的一个组织。走向“校本”新时

4、期教研制度的应然趋势二、问题梳理v 在全国创建以校为本教研制度的过程中，很容易囿于传统教研制度建设模式的束缚，和淡化“以校为本”的内涵，因 此出现了以下几方面比较突出的实践偏差和认识误区：v 1重在文本制度的建设，弱化有效的监督和执行 v 制度建设的着力点不在于出台多少项制度，而在于如何有效地实施，从而达到教研制度建设的真正目的，即改造教师的学习文化，促进教师在工作的过程中进行研v 2勤于各种制度的出台，疏于有机的整合和统筹 v 为了顺利实施新课程和促进广大教师的专业发展，各地 v 区、各学校需要以校为本教研制度的保障，但是无论是在教 v 育行政和专业支持机构的层面，还是基层学校的层面， 从贯

5、 v 彻实施的角度上讲，都需要各项制度实现有机的整合和统 v 筹。各种单项的制度分头实施势必造成工作的繁琐和无序、 v 重复和低效。 v 3、善于借助制度的权威，轻视发挥文化的力量 v 新课程全面推进背景下的教研制度建设有别于传统的教研制度就在于新制度是文化本位的而不是管理本位，因此文化的再造是制度建设过程中不可逾越的环节。文化是制度之母，只有最终依靠文化的力量和变革才能实现新课程实施中教师素质瓶颈的突围和突破。 v 4惯于自上而下的发布，少于上下互动与协商 v 以顺利推进新课程和促进教师专业发展为己任的新一 轮教研制度建设有别于传统教研制度建设的另一个突出特点就是以校为本，因此这从根本上决定

6、了制度建设的模式不 再是自上而下，而是上下结合地互动与协商，最终理想的状 况就是“我们的发展 我们做主；我们制定的制度，我们执 行”。否则，任何置教研主体于决策之外的做法都会使制度的 执行力大打折扣。 v5.挑战之三：教师专业化程度不高的制约。我国教师的专业发展是一个长期被忽略的问题。传统的理解总是把学校仅仅作为学生发展的场所，因此，传统教研在功能上更多的是体现为关注研究教材、教法和学生学业成绩的提高，对教师的专业发展关注不够。这导致有的教师从教数十载，其专业发展水平还只停留在人职后的初期水平。因此，有学者认为：“传统学校，在教师中心、师道尊严背后，掩盖着的是v对教师发展的漠视或遗忘”。三、观

7、念建构重建教研制度的反思 v 教育行动研究的倡导者，英国著名的心理学家斯腾豪(StenhouseL)认为教师应成为批判地、系统地考察自己实践的研究者，以便更好地理解自己的课堂和改善自己的教学实践。他指出“教育科学的理想是每一个课堂都是实验室，每一名教师都是科学共同体v 的成员。” v 1校本教研制度建设，最终需要的不是一套完备的制度，而是培育一种学习文化。广大教师在研究的状态下工作，在 工作的过程中研究，教研成为职业的习惯和工作的方式。 v 2校本教研制度建设，目的不在于规范和统一外在的形式，而在于促进机构或个人内在潜力的发挥。校本教研制度 推动下的教研是有效的教研。v 3校本教研制度建设不是

8、对传统教研制度的全盘否定，而是在传承中创新。“以研究改进教学工作为目的”的定位和“按学科成立教研组”的这种组织形式都是值得我们坚持的法宝。在新课程全面推进的背景下，教研制度建设必须与时俱进 凸现时代的内涵：以校为本、以教师发展为本、上下互动生成。 v4当制度的文化内涵未被心理认同时，制度只是管理者 的“文化”，至多只反映管理规律和管理规范，只会是外在的约束；当制度的文化内涵已被心理接受、并自觉遵守时，制度变成空壳，制度就变成了一种文化，一种参与的文化。 Add your text in here Add your text in here Add your text in here Add y

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