施心远主编听力教程4(第2版)Unit3答案

1、A Liste ning Course 4施心远主编听力教程4 （第2版）答案Unit 2Secti on One: Tactics for Liste ningPart 1: Listening and Translation1. Girls score higher tha n boys in almost every coun try.几乎在所有国家里，女孩子都比男孩子得分高。2. Differences between males and females are a continuing issue of fierce debate.男女差异一直是激烈争论的焦点。3. Cultural

2、 and econo mic in flue nces play an importa nt part.文化和经济影响起着重要的作用。4. But rece nt findings suggestthat the an swer maylie indiffere nces betwee n the male and female brai n.但是最新的发现提示，答案也许在男女大脑的差异。5. These in clude differe nces in lear ning rates.这些包括学习速度上的差异。Secti on Two Liste ning Comprehe nsionPar

3、t 1 DialogueExercise: Listen to the dialogue and filling the blanks withthe miss ing in formati on.Seren adi ng Service was foun dedthree years ago whe n thesin ger realize that British people were desperate for roma nee.He thought there would be a elientele for a hiredserenader .The idea came from

4、his studies ofRenaissanee music , which isfull of serenades. Over the eenturies,universitystudents haveturned the sere nade into an art form for hire. Usually he ishired by men to si ng love songs towomen Occasi on ally he isasked to sing to menThe service is really a form of in timate alfrescotheat

5、rewith love songs. Heusually wears a white tie a nd tails a nd sings amorous Italian songs. He will carry chocolate hearts or flowers a nd whe nthere is no bale ony available he will si ng from trees or fire escapes !The fee depends on whether a musician comes along or not. The basic rate is £

6、450 but it can cost a lot more especially if he takes a gondola and a group of musicians along. Someoeople are so moved that they burst in to tears , but some react badly. They try to find out as much as they can about their clients to avoid unpleasant situations. They have to be very carefulthese d

7、ays because a serenade can be completely misinterpreted .Part 2 PassageEx. A. Pre-liste ning Questi on What memory strategies do you know that can help you remember things better?1) Brain prioritizes by meaning, value and relevance.2) Your attitude has much to do withwhether you remembersomething or

8、 not.3) Your understanding of new materials depends on what you already know.4) You can learn and rememberbetter if you can group ideas into some sort of meaningful categories or groups.5) The brain's quickest and probably the longest-lasting response is to images.6) Memoryis increased whenfacts

9、 to be learned are consciously associated with something familiar to you.Ex. B: Sentence Dictation1. Mnemonics are methods for remembering information that is otherwise quite difficult to recall.2. Our brains evolved to code and interpret complex stimuli such as images, colors, structures, sounds, s

10、mells, tastes, touch, positions, emotions and language.3. While language is one of the most important aspects of human evolution, it is only one of the many skills and resourcesavailable to our minds.4. Association is the method by which you link a thing to be remembered to a way of remembering it.5

11、. Location gives you two things: a coherent context into which you can place information, and a way of separating one mnemonic from another.Ex. C: Detailed Listening.1. Mnemonics are tools which can help you to improve your memory.T. (Memory tools can help you to improve your memory. "Mnemonic&

12、quot; is another word for memory tool.)2. The fundamental principle of mnemonics is to make full use of the best functions of the brain to store information.T (The basic principle of mnemonics is to use as manyof the best functions of your brain as possible to store information.)3. Information we ha

13、ve to remember is almost always presented in different ways.F (Unfortunately information we have to remember is almost always presented in only one way-as words printed on a page.)4. We can do four things to form striking images, which will help to make our mnemonics more memorable.T ( Use positive,

14、 pleasant images; use vivid, colorful, sense-laden images; use all your senses to code information or dress up an image; give our image three dimensions, movement and space.)5. There is one basic principle in the use of mnemonics.F (There are three fundamental principles underlying the use of mnemon

15、ics: imagination, association and location)6. Association is what we use to create and strengthen imagination.F (Imagination is what you use to create and strengthen the associations needed to create effective mnemonics.)7. You can choose the imagery in your mnemonics as you like T (The imagery you

16、use in your mnemonicscan be as violent, vivid, or sensual as you like, as long as it help you to remember.)8. You can create associations by linking things using the same stimuli.T. (You can create associations by linking them using the same color, smell, shape, or feeling.)Ex. D: After-listening Di

17、scussion1. What is the basic principle of mnemonics? Whycan we improve our memory by following the principle?To use as manyof the best functions of your brain as possible to store in formatio n.Evolved to code and in terpret complex stimuli. Use these tomake sophisticated models of the world.Our mem

18、ories store all of these effectively.However, informationis presented in only one way. Language isonly one of the many skills and resources available to our min ds.By coding Ianguages and numbers in strikingimages,/ canreliable code both information and structure of information. Then easily recall t

19、hese later.2. Why is a good memory importa nt to us?Ope n.Secti on Three NewsNews Item 1Ex. A: Summarize the n ewsThis news item is about the Somali pirates ' strike .Ex. B: Liste n to the n ews aga in and an swer the questio ns.1. Whether this latest attempted hijacking was the promisedrevenge

20、for the killing of three Somali pirates by the USnavy isn't clear.2. No, the pirates haven ' t been deferred.3. Because the financial rewards for a successful hijackingremain so great and Somalia remains so lawless.4. At any one time there are only fifteen to eighteen international warships

21、in the area to police an expanse of sea covering more than a million square kilometres.5. It may be because of the relatively small scale of the problem.Tape script of News Item One:The piracy problem looks like it's here to stay despite the recent muscular interventions by the French and Americ

22、an navies. Whether this latest attempted hijacking was the promised revenge for the killing of three Somali pirates by the US navy isn't clear. But it does suggest at the very least that the pirates haven't been deterred.So why does the problem persist? Put simply maritime security analysts

23、say piracy will continue as long as the financial rewards for a successful hijacking remain so great and Somalia remains so lawless. Certainly the internationaleffort to thwart the problem is relatively limited. At any one time there are only fifteen to eighteen internationalwarshipsin the area to p

24、olice an expa nse of sea coveri ng more tha n a millionsquare kilometres. Although it has been suggested thatraids could be moun ted on the pirates' home tow ns, it seems un likely there'll be any major in crease in the military effort uni ess there's a spectacular hijacki nginv olvi ngt

25、he deaths ofmany crew members.The reluctanee to mount a major internationalnavaloperation in the area may also be down to the relativelysmallscale of the problem. Last year, according to figures from the Intern ati onal Maritime Bureau, n early twenty three thousa nd ships passed through the Gulf of

26、 Ade n. Only ninety two were hijacked.Rob Watso n, BBC NewsNews Item 2Ex. A: Listen to the news and complete the summaryThis news item is about Obama s military plan in Afgha ni sta n.Ex. B: True or false.1. The President is considering leaving Afghanistan.F. (The President is making it clear that l

27、eaving Afghanistan is not an option.)2. Obamawouldn't shrink the number of troops in Afghanistan, neither would he deploy more military troops.T.3. President Obama thought his assessment would be "rigorous and deliberate".T.4. Opinions against Obama are not heard.F.( some Republica ns

28、and members of the Preside nt's own party are dubious about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight.)5. The conflict in Afghanistan seems to be over soon.F. ( about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is

29、 no end in sight.)6. Afghanistan can be the second Vietnam.T. (The word 'Vietnam' is heard more and more on CapitolHill.)Script of News Item Two:The President is making it clear that leaving Afghanistan is not an option. It's not on the table. According to one White House source, he told

30、 the meeting that he wouldn't shrink the number of troops in Afghanistan or opt for a strategy of merely targeting al-Qaeda leaders. But he wouldn't be drawn on the military request for more troops.There appears to be a frustration that the review of strategy has sometimes been portrayed in

31、black-and-white terms of a massive increase or reduction of troop numbers.President Obama told the group made up of the most senior Republican and Democrat senators and congressmen that his assessment would be "rigorous and deliberate". But it's going on too long for someRepublicans an

32、d membersof the President's own party are dubious about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight. The word 'Vietnam' is heard more and more on Capitol Hill.The President was certainly right when he said his final decision wouldn't

33、make everyone in the room, or the country, happy.Mark Mardell, BBC News, WashingtonNews Item 3Ex. A: Listen and summarize the news itemThis news item is aboutfragile peace that returns to GazaEx. B: Liste n aga in and fill in the bla nks.There were traffic jams on the road north, families heading to

34、 Gaza City to reunite with friends and relatives . Long lines of cars backed up at the makeshift roadblocks the Israelis have left behi nd. But the tanks are gone, on ly thedeep tracksrema in.There were buildings pitted with Israeli tank rounds; from the holes that have been punched in the walls it

35、was clear there had also bee n sn iperswaiting for them. North of Kha n Youn iswe saw someof the Qassamfighters returning home their rifles slung lazily around their shoulders.For three weeks the Israelis pounded thetunnels that runben eath the perimeter wall but last ni ght we met people who insist

36、 that someof these tunnels are still open and still some fuel is being pumped from the Egyptian sider. If the border cross ings rema in close, say the Palesti nians,these tunn els aretheir only link to the outside world.Script of News Item 3There were traffic jams on the road north, families heading

37、to Gaza City to reunite with friends and relatives. Long lines of cars backed up at the makeshift roadblocks the Israelis have left behind. But the tanks aregone, only the deep tracksremain.There were buildings pitted with Israeli tank rounds; from the holes that have been punched in the walls it wa

38、s clear there had also been snipers waiting for them. North of Khan Younis we saw someof the Qassamfighters returning home, their rifles slung lazily around their shoulders.The destruction we've seen has largely been inflicted on the Hamasinfrastructure: police stations, military outposts, gover

39、nment buildings, so far the most extensive damage - that at the border in Rafah where nothing was spared.For three weeks the Israelis pounded the tunnels that run beneath the perimeter wall but last night we met people who insist that some of these tunnels are still open and still some fuel is being

40、 pumpedfrom the Egyptian side; impossible for us to verify independently, but they say they are determined to reopen them and to dig them deeper. If the border crossings remain close, say the Palestinians, these tunnels are their only link to the outside world.Christian Fraser, BBC News, GazaSecti o

41、n FourPart 1 Feature reportExercise A:This news report is about the recreatio n of the prehistoricworld in Lia oning, Chi na, based on the scie ntific findings on fossils discovered thereExercise B:1. 35 prehistoric animals were created.2. They recreated the extinct beasts through the marriage ofsci

42、e nee, art and tech no logy.3. The exhibit is not behind the glass or otherwise enclosed,so visitors are eye to eye with extinct beasts. It is displayed in this way so that visitors will feel as if they ' ve stepped in to a Chi nese forest 130 millio n years in the past.4. He says it ' s acc

43、urate because every single plant, everyin sect,every orga nic feature in it actuallyreprese ntssomethi ng that has bee n found as a fossil in n ortheaster n Chi na.5. The only thing scientists had to make up is what color someof the ani mals were.6. According to Michael Novacek, birds are living din

44、osaurs.7. They study the moveme nts of com mon place turkeys, chicke nsand ostriches to learn how similarly-built dinosaurs wouldsta nd or walk.8. By using high-tech imagery, fossils, and the knowledge gained from the biology of barnyard animals, scientists now estimate the giant T-Rex could reach s

45、peeds of 16 kilometers per hour, far slower that the more than 70 kilometers perhour previously thought.Script :Dino saur Discoveries Made Possible through Art, Tech no logy,Moder n LivestockThe rolli ng hills of a province in n ortheaster n Chi na are now terraced for farmi ng, but ben eath that fa

46、rmla nd are clues to a prehistoric world unlike any seen by humaneyes - until this week. Some 130 million years afterdinosaurs roamed theLiaoning forest, the world has been painstakinglyrecreated inNew York City's America n Museum of Natural History.The sound of the prehistoric forest is one of

47、the few thingsthat has bee n imag ined in this 65 square-meter diorama. Thegingko leaves, piney trees and life-sized models of 35 prehistoric animals were created through the marriage of scie nee, art and tech no logy, as every detail, dow n to the sleeping pose of a dinosaur, is based on scientific

48、 findings.The exhibit is not behind glass or otherwise enclosed, so visitors are eye-to-eye with extinct beasts, feeling as ifthey've stepped into a Chinese forest 130 million years in the past.Mark Norell is a pale on tologist who has worked in Lia oning,searchi ng for clues to recreate this pr

49、ehistoric world."It's accurate because every sin gle pla nt, every in sect,everyorganic feature in it actually represents something that hasbee n found as a fossil in no rtheaster n Chin a," he expla in ed,"so the only thing that we had to sort of make up a little bitis what color

50、 some the an imals were. Eve n though we know some of theme were patterned,but we know definitelythat they werepatter ned,because we can see that is the soft tissue rema ins,but we don't know what color they were but we try to be a little conservative in that regard, but nevertheless all the fea

51、thers you see, all the weird tail structures you see, is all stuff we found as fossils."Undern eath the gin gko trees, a feathered bird-like dino saurchases on two legs after a large win ged in sect, the dino saur's beak-like mouth open to reveal rows of jagged teeth. A sleeping dinosaur tu

52、cks its head beneath its arm, muchas a modern goose tucks its head ben eath its wing.The museum's curator of pale on tology,Michael Novacek,explains that it is necessary to understand birds in order to better un dersta nd ext inct creatures."The reas on birds are so importa nt to us is real

53、ly a fact we were n't so aware of 10, 20 years ago is that birds are liv ing dino saurs. They're n ot just related to dino saurs. They are dino saurs," he stressed. "They're a branch of dino saurs, so convenien tly eno ugh dino saurs did n't go completely ext in ct.One grou

54、p, the birds, survived."Scie ntistsstudy the moveme nts of com mon place turkeys,chickens and ostriches to learn how similarly built dinosaurs would stand or walk. Researchers even created a computer model of a giant chicken to learn more about the movementsof the ever popular Tyranno saurus Re

55、x.By using high tech imagery, fossils, and the kno wledge gained from the biology of bar nyard an imals, scie ntists now estimate the gia nt T-Rex could reach speeds of 16 kilometers per hour, far slower than the more than 70 kilometers per hour previously thought.These scientificfindings are passed

56、 along to model designers,such as the creator of a six-foot-l ong mecha ni cal T-Rex, a highlight of the new exhibit. The menacing skeleton's tail sways and its head bobs as the ext in ct di no saur shifts its weight, plodding in place - yet another example of the n ever-before-see n beco ming a

57、ltogether real whe n scie nee and tech no logy meet art.Part 2 PassageExercise B1. The goal of this study was to determine what type of “gaze” is required to have this effect.2. The Queen' s study showed that the total amount ofgazereceived during a group conversation is more important than whe

58、n the eye con tact occurs.3. The eye con tact experime nt used computer-ge nerated imagesform actors who conveyed different levels of attention.4. The researchers concluded that people in group discussions will speak up more if they receive a greater amount of eye contact from other group members.5.

59、 The effect of eye gaze has literally fascinated people throughout the ages.6. Exercise C1. A 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. BExercise D1. The eye contact experiment used computer-generated images from actors who conveyed different levels of attention (gazing at the subject, gazing at the other actor, looking away, and looking down). These images were presented to the subjects, whobe