名词性从句语法讲解课件

1、我的梦想是我能进入一所重点大学。我的梦想是我能进入一所重点大学。My dream is that I can enter a key university.我能进入一所重点大学是我的梦想。我能进入一所重点大学是我的梦想。 That I can enter a key university is my dream.I have a dream that I can enter a key university.我有一个梦想我能进入一所重点大学我有一个梦想我能进入一所重点大学我总是梦想着我能进入一所重点大学。我总是梦想着我能进入一所重点大学。I always dream that I can en

2、ter a key university.Noun Clause多 由多 由 t h a t , w h - 疑 问 词 或疑 问 词 或whatever等关系代词引导等关系代词引导主语从句、主语从句、宾语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，同位语从句，名名词词性性从从句句Whether he will come or not is unknown.I dont know whether he will come or notThe question is whether he will come or not.The question whether he will come o

3、r not is not settled.引导名词性从句的三类关联词引导名词性从句的三类关联词1. that whether if (在从句中不做成分，只在从句中不做成分，只 起连起连接作用接作用)2. what who whom which whose wh-ever (在从在从句中做主、表、宾、定成分句中做主、表、宾、定成分)3. when why when where (在从句中做状语在从句中做状语)其它：其它：That he didnt come to school is because he was ill.She looks as if she has really been th

4、ere.Things are not as they seemed to be.二、连接词的选择二、连接词的选择（1） that 与与 what （卷子名从卷子名从1）引导名词性从句的三类关联词引导名词性从句的三类关联词1. That a. 只起连接作用，只起连接作用， 不做成分不做成分 b. 一般不省，只再宾语从句中可省一般不省，只再宾语从句中可省 e.g 1).I know that you are concerned about your sons safety. 2)._ he has set out to prepare for the coming exams is satisfy

5、ing. is ThatIt is satisfying _he has set out to prepare for the coming exams 2)._ he has set out to prepare for the coming exams is satisfying.That (1) 主语从句在句子中充当主语，句主语从句在句子中充当主语，句子的谓语动词用第三人称单数子的谓语动词用第三人称单数。(2) 主语从句前的主语从句前的that不能省略，仅起不能省略，仅起连接作用，有时为了保持句子平衡，连接作用，有时为了保持句子平衡， that从句后置，而由从句后置，而由it作形式主语。

6、作形式主语。that1.I cant imagine _ you can sew this piece of cloth without a needle.2. The reason for his being late is _ he missed the bus this morning.3.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. while B. that C. if D. so that/ 不填不填that BWhat 1 在从句中作主，宾，表成分在从句中作主，宾，表成分2 可译成可译成“-的东西，话，事情，地方，的东西

7、，话，事情，地方，时间，样子等时间，样子等” “所所-”1 what he said disappointed me.2 A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do .3 a modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago . what what 1 _ made the school proud was _ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.A Wha

8、t ;because B What ;that C That ;what D that; because 2 People have heard what the President has said ; they are waiting to see _ he will do .A how B what C when D that 3 - Are you still thinking abut yesterdays game?- Oh,thats _.A what makes me feel excited .B whatever I feel excited aboutC How I fe

9、el about it D when I feel excited _is waiting for me is my brother. Whowhether与与 if在名词性从句中的用在名词性从句中的用法区别法区别而而whether可引导包括宾语从句在可引导包括宾语从句在内的其他名词性从句。内的其他名词性从句。Whether /if 表疑问，表疑问，“是否是否”宾语从句中，宾语从句中，whether常与常与 or not搭搭配，可以说配，可以说whether or not, 而不说而不说if or not.whether可用在介词后，或带可用在介词后，或带to不定式不定式前，前，if则不可。则

10、不可。 If ：只用于只用于Vt宾语从句宾语从句& 不在句首的主语从句不在句首的主语从句 a.I dont know whether/if he will come b. . _.or not c. It depends on _ you will give the chance. d. _ he can afford to buy such a car is still a question. whether whether Whethere. It is doubtful _he is coming. g. The point is _ he will inform me of t

11、he news.whether/ifwhether2. 连接代词（连接代词（a. 引导词引导词 b. 做从句的成分）做从句的成分） 从句中做从句中做 意思意思 what主，宾，表，主，宾，表，定定 什么什么 which 主主, 宾，表宾，表定定哪个，哪些哪个，哪些 who 主，宾主，宾 表表 谁谁 whom 宾宾 谁谁 whose 定语定语 谁的谁的 I am satisfied with _ you said. I dont know_ the place used to be I know _ you want to talk to There are many books. Can yo

12、u tell me _ book you like best. You can show me _ is your monitor . You can tell me _ book it is. you can give the book to _ wins first placewhichwhatwhatwho/whomwhowhosewhoeverAmerica was _ was first called “India” by Columbus. A. that B. where C. what You cant imagine _ a beautiful girl she is. A.

13、 how B. what C. that D. who._ matters most in learning English is enough practice. A. what B.which C. where D. which C BA3.连接副词（连接副词（a. 连接连接 b.做从句中的状语）做从句中的状语） when/where/why/ how/ how many/how much. 1)I dont know _ he will go. 2)Can you explain _you were late this morning? 3)_he will come here isnt

14、 decided. 4) this is _ I was late this morning _I was born in 1971 _ I worked out the problem. wherewhyHow/whenwhywherehow It is _ you left it.Scientists and engineers are often judged by _ great their achievements are. You dont know _ fast he runs. how howwhere1 所有的名词性从句缺主，宾，表都用所有的名词性从句缺主，宾，表都用what

15、 引导，但要考虑到人引导，但要考虑到人2 所有的名词性从句都用陈述语气。所有的名词性从句都用陈述语气。3 引导词缺什么补什么。引导词缺什么补什么。1. _ life will be like in the future is difficult to predict.2. It is true _ he settled the argument.3. They are careful about _ they eat.4. The discussion topic for today is _ schools will be like in the future.5. _ most of th

16、ese are now threatened and may disappear is a serious matter to the people in Britain.whatthatwhatwhat That语法:填上适当的关连词完成以下名词性从句. 1_is to take Li Mings place is being discussed2I got very angry with_he said3My idea is_we should get more people to finish the work4I wonder_it is true or not5The problem

17、 is_we could help smokers kick their habitWhowhatthatwhetherhow1. The news which our team had won pleased everyone_2. I dont doubt whether he can work out the problem_3. I have been worrying about if I have hurt her feeling_4I dont know that he wants_whichthat whetherthatifwhetherthatwhat5. The reas

18、on why he didnt come is because he was ill. _6. Who walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold_7I think important that we learn English well_8Its not certain that the sports meet will be held_becausethatWhoWhoeverimportantit importantthatwhether9This is the suggestion which we have a trip t

19、he day after tomorrow_10China is a great socialist country is well known_whichthatChinaThat China6. They realize _ it is of great value to record the tradition.7. The result of so much French influence was _ the English language ended up with many French words such as table, animal and age.Exx. 1.So

20、me one is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. A. who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is that thatD2. What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. if C. whether D. why3.Little Tommy was reluctant (a. 不情愿的不情愿的, 勉强勉强的的)to tell the schoolmast

21、er _ he had done the day before. A. that B. how C. where D. what 4. _ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. A. What B. That C. This D. WhichCDB5.The road is covered with snow. I cant understand _ they insist on going by motorbike. A. why B. whe

22、re C. what D. how 6.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. A. where B. what C. that D. howAB 1.When we will start is not clear. 2.Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief. 3. My idea is that we should do it right now. 4.I had n

23、o idea that you were her friend.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句I 名词性从句的种类名词性从句的种类The news that our team has won the match is true.His delay is due to the fact that the car broke down halfway. 同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句一般跟在名词同位语从句一般跟在名词fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, answer, doubt, hope, l

24、aw, k n o w l e d g e , o p i n i o n , suggestion information, plan, 后面后面, , 用以说明或解释前面的名词的具用以说明或解释前面的名词的具体内容体内容. .2. 2. 在在have no idea 之后常用之后常用wh-引导同位语从引导同位语从句句. I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.注注: 1. 1. that 引导同位语从句与引导同位语从句与that 引导定语从引导定语从句

25、的句的区别区别: 引导同位语从句的引导同位语从句的that 无实际意义无实际意义, 不作从句的任何成分不作从句的任何成分, 而引导定语从句的而引导定语从句的that 从从句的某个成分句的某个成分.He told me the news that our team won the match.He told me the news that was very exciting.We are interested in the news that some foreigners would visit our school.We are interested in the news that he

26、 told us.2.He asked_for a violin.（MET92） A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 规律二规律二：1.从句是从句是陈述句陈述句转化而来的，转化而来的，不缺不缺成分成分，不含有疑问意义不含有疑问意义。由。由that 引导且引导且that连连词在从句中不作成分词在从句中不作成分主语从句主语从句,同谓语从句同谓语从句,表语从句表语从句that不可以省略不可以省略,在宾语从句中在宾语从句中that 常可省略常可省略That he will c

27、ome and help us is certain.John said (that) he would attend the meeting.The trouble is that I have forgotten her name. 2.从句是由从句是由一般疑问句一般疑问句转化而来，含有转化而来，含有疑问疑问意义意义, ,不缺成分不缺成分。由。由whether，if 引导引导. . I worry about whether/if he can pass the exam. The question is whether it is worth doing.找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规

28、律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1. If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.2. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it.3. The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting.4. He asked me if I could go with him or not. Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.It d

29、epends on whether the weather is .The question is whether he himself will be present .He asked me whether I could go with him or not. 规律三规律三： whetherwhether和和ifif的区别的区别：主语从句只能用主语从句只能用whetherwhether表语从句中只能用表语从句中只能用whetherwhether宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时用宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时用whetherwhether后面跟后面跟or(not)or(not)或

30、或to doto do连用时用连用时用 whetherwhether3.从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义的义的,缺成分缺成分的。由的。由wh-连词或连词或how引导在从句引导在从句中中作成分作成分。连接代词。连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。Who will go makes no difference.That is wher

31、e he was born.Tell me what he said.特殊情况：特殊情况：1.1.在在seem, appear后的后的表语从句表语从句中可接中可接thatthat引引导的从句导的从句, , 而而looklook则不可则不可. .2. 2. 这三个词后都可用这三个词后都可用as if / as though 引导从引导从句句. .It seems / appears that he was late for the train yesterday.It seems / appears / looks as if we have to go home on foot. 1. _ w

32、e cant get seems better than _ we have. A.What , what B. What , that C. That , that D. That , what 2. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. Awhile Bthat Cif Dfor 3.What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon Awhen Bhow Cwhether Dwhy4 made the s

33、chool proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. AWhatbecause BWhatthat CThatwhatDThatbecause找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports

34、meeting.3. Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time. 4. It doesnt matter that you will come or not.ititthatwhether规律四规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助下可以借助 “ “it” it” 而后置而后置。1.主语从句可以用主语从句可以用it （作形式主语）（作形式主语） 来替换来替换成以下几种结构表达。成以下几种结构表达。(A)It is cle

35、ar/certain/likely/true/ adj. that It is certain that he will come to see me. (B)It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder/ n. that . It is a shame that he didnt pass the exam.（C）It is said/reported/ believed/ known/ thought/suggested that It is said that Brazil will win in the World Cup. （D）It seems/ha

36、ppens thatIt seems that he has finished his homework.2.宾语从句可以用宾语从句可以用it（作形式宾语）（作形式宾语） 来替换的句型为：来替换的句型为：主语谓语主语谓语itadj./n.从句从句如：如： I think it necessary that we have the meetingHe will believe whatever others say. （不能用（不能用no matter what代替代替whatever） Whatever others say, he will believe it.（可以用（可以用no mat

37、ter what代替代替whatever）规律五规律五：whatever, whichever, whoever, whatever, whichever, whoever, whenever, wherever, however whenever, wherever, however 等与等与 no matter no matter what, no matter which, no matter who, no what, no matter which, no matter who, no matter when, no matter where, no matter matter wh

38、en, no matter where, no matter how how 的区别的区别: :前者既可以前者既可以引导名词性从句引导名词性从句，也可以，也可以引导引导让步状语从句让步状语从句，而，而 no matter no matter 加疑问词加疑问词只能只能引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句。 1. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 2. _ much advice I gave him, he did ex

39、actly what he wanted to do. A. How B. Whatever C. However D. No matter 3. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever填空填空: The reason _ we didnt trust him is _ he has often liedreason 后面的表语从句只能用后面的表语从句只能用that 引导引导, 不能不能用用becaus

40、e 引导引导, 但但reason后面的定语从句可后面的定语从句可以用以用why 或者或者that 引导。引导。whythat名词从句与定语从句的一些对应系名词从句与定语从句的一些对应系：1. He has done what he can to help me. -He has done _ _ he can to help me.2. What I want to say has nothing to do with it. -_ _ I want to say has nothing to do with it. all thatAll that 3. Whoever breaks the

41、 law is to be punished. _ _ breaks the law is to be punished.4. He will give the dictionary to whoever needs if most. He will give the dictionary to _ _ needs it most. 5. Well remember whomever we turned to for help. Well remember _ _ we turned to for help.Anyone whoanyone whoanyone (whom)6. They wi

42、ll do whatever he wants them to do.They will do _ _he wants them to do. 7. Ill read whichever book you give me.Ill read _ of the books _ you give me. anything thatanythat1.The question is _ the film is worth seeing Aif Bwhat Cwhether Dhow 2.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right Atha

43、t what BWhat that Cthat Dwhether 3.Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I cant remember _. Awhere Bthere Cwhich Dthat 4.Energy is _ makes things work AWhat Beverything Csomething Danything 5.The reason _ I have to go is_ my mother is ill in bed A. why ; why B. why ; because C. why ; that

44、 D. that ; because 6.He doesnt think the question _ they are men or women is important A. whether B. if C. which D. why 7.I ask her _ come with me. A.if she will B. if will she C. whether will she D. will she 8._ he said is true. A.What B. That C. Which D. Whether 9.Can you tell me _? A.who is that

45、gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman 10.He didnt know which room _. A.they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in 11.To get the job started, _ I need is some money. A.only what B. all what C. all that D. only that 12.I have no ide

46、a _ far the railway station is from here. A. what B. how C. its D. that 13.Can you tell me _ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. what can I get to C. where I can got to D. where can I get to 14.Do you know _? A. what is his name B. how is his name C. what his name is D. how his name is 21.Go

47、 and get your coat. Its _ you left it. A.there B. where C. there where D. where there 22._ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A.What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 23. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 24.These wild flowers are so special that I would do _ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. which