1819 Unit5 Section Ⅱ　Language Points Ⅰ Warming UpPre­readingReadingComprehending

1、Section Language Points () (Warming Up，Pre­reading，Reading & Comprehending)语 言 基 础 自 测.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1Your letter was a great comfort (安慰) to me.2He refused to acknowledge (承认) being cheated.3He often drafts (起草) speeches for his headmaster.4There are several private enterprises (企业)

2、 in this area.5Before you get the job，you need have a kind of qualification (资格)6Can you recommend your classmate who can take up the job?7If you can't find a ladder，use a strong chair as a substitute. 8To meet some customers' requirements，the boss had to change his plan.9He usually is fully

3、 occupied with business，so he has little time to play.10Professor Smith left the academic world，and has taken a job in industry.拓展词汇根据词性或汉语提示，写出下列单词1preparation n准备；预备prepare v准备2requirement n需要；要求require v需要；要求3acknowledge vt.承认；确认；答谢acknowledgement n承认4occupy vt.占用；占领；占据occupation n占领；占据5qualifica

4、tion n资格；资历qualified adj.有资格的；合格的；胜任的qualify v(使)具有资格6comfort n舒适；安慰 vt.安慰comfortable adj.舒适的；舒服的comfortably adv.舒适地；舒服地v.­ation名词v.­ed形容词accommodation 住宿；调节adaptation 适应civilization 文明delighted 高兴的；快乐的furnished 配备家具的 puzzled 迷惑的；困惑的.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1adjust to 适应2keep it up 保持优秀成绩；继续干下去3fit

5、in 相适应；相融和4make preparations for 为做准备5as far as one is concerned 就而言6be occupied with 忙着做；忙于某事物7apply for 申请8get used to 习惯于.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1He doesn't care about examinations and never make preparations for them.2He wanted to stay，but felt that he wouldn't fit in with his workmates.3I am

6、occupied with my office work and have hardly any time for housework.4If only he could keep it up，he would break the world record.5Learning that you are organizing this activity to share books worldwide，I am more than happy to apply for it.v.to动词短语v.for动词短语adapt to适应amount to总共达到attend to专心；照顾；护理care

7、 for 关怀；照管；愿意head for 朝方向走去long for 渴望.经典句式仿写1It was the first time she had ever left her motherland.这是她第一次离开自己的祖国。记句式结构It's the first time (that) .意为“第一次”，从句用完成时态仿写促落实It is the first time that I have spoken in public.这是我第一次在公共场合发言。2But I was also very nervous as I didn't know what to expect

8、.但是我又非常紧张，因为我不知道我所期望的是什么记句式结构“疑问词不定式”结构作宾语仿写促落实Our teacher told us when to have/hold a party hadn't been decided.老师告诉我们何时举行晚会还没有决定。3Besides，as far as he was concerned，what other people thought was not the most important thing.此外，他认为，别人的想法并不是最重要的。记句式结构as far as.be concerned意为“就而言”，在句中用作插入语仿写促落实As

9、 far as English is concerned，he is the best in our class.就英语来说，他是我们班最优秀的。4I have been so occupied with work that I haven't had time for social activities.我一直忙于学习，以至于没有时间去搞社交活动。记句式结构so.that.引导结果状语从句仿写促落实The new library is so well equipped that many citizens can go there to read and borrow books.新

10、图书馆的设备如此完善，以至于许多市民都可以去那里借阅图书。核 心 要 点 探 究 keep it up 保持优秀成绩；继续干下去(教材P38)KEEP IT UP，XIE LEI 谢蕾，再接再厉keep up 继续下去；坚持下去；(情况)持续；保持keep up with 跟上keep back 扣住；留下；隐瞒不讲keep out 挡住；使不进去keep to 信守；坚持；坚守；不违背(诺言、计划等)Facing difficulties，they are not discouraged but keep their spirits up.面对困难，他们没有气馁，而是继续保持斗志。The d

11、octor thought the girl's illness should be kept back from her because it was cancer.医生认为不能把病情告诉这个女孩，因为她得了癌症。Keep it up and you will succeed in time.保持下去，最终你会成功的。We can keep up with other companies if we keep to the plan.如果我们都能坚持计划，就能赶上其他公司。名师点津keep it up 中的it并不表示具体意义，只是用于构成固定短语。类似的短语还有：make it(成

12、功；到场；活下来)；get it(明白；理解；罪有应得)；take it easy(别紧张)；as sb.put it(正如某人所说)等。 fit in 相适应；相融合(教材P38)Chinese student fitting in well中国学生适应能力强(1)fit into 与相适应；与融为一体fit in with 与合得来；适应(2)be fit for 胜任；适合(其中的fit为形容词)be fit to do sth. 适合做某事keep fit 保持健康We should fit in with the times. We should keep up with the t

13、imes.我们应该与时俱进。The house fits into the scenery so well that you can hardly see it.这个房子与这儿的风景浑然一体，几乎都看不出来。He's never done this type of work before；I'm not sure whether he'll fit in他以前从未做过这种工作，我不知道他是否能配合好。She seldom communicates with others so she doesn't fit in with the class.她很少与其他人交流

14、，因此她没融入班级。 (教材P38)It was the first time she had ever left her motherland.这是她第一次离开自己的祖国。【要点提炼】本句使用了句型It/This/That is/was序数词time (that).“某人第次做”。若主句使用is，从句谓语动词要用现在完成时；若主句使用was，则从句谓语动词要用过去完成时。即：is与has/have done对应；was与had done对应。(1)It's time for sth.该是(做)的时候了(2)It's time (for sb.) to do sth. 该是(某

15、人)干的时候了(3)It's (high/about) time (that) sb. did/should do sth. 该是干的时候了(4)It was a time when. 那是的时期(5)the first/second/last time从句 第一次/第二次/最后一次(引导时间状语从句)It's (high/about) time that we did/should do something to stop pollution.是我们该做些什么制止污染的时候了。It was a time when women could not learn medicine

16、and work as a doctor.那个时期妇女不能学医，当医生。The teacher criticized him，because it was the second time that he had made (make) the same mistake.老师批评了他，因为这是他第二次犯同样的错误。It is the first time that I have won (win) the prize.这是我第一次获奖。I thought her nice and honest the first time I saw her.我第一次见到她就认为她非常善良、诚实。 recomm

17、end vt.推荐；建议(教材P38)Xie Lei highly recommends it.谢蕾极力推荐这门课程。(1)recommend sb./sth.to sb.recommend sb.sth.向某人推荐recommend sb.for 推荐某人做(某职位)recommend sb.as 推荐某人为recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事recommend doing sth. 建议做某事recommend that.建议(从句中谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”)(2)recommendation n. 推荐；介绍信I highly recommended

18、 her as your secretary. I highly recommended her to you for the position of secretary.我强烈推荐她当你的秘书。I recommend you to think (think) very carefully before you do anything foolish.我劝你在做出蠢事之前先仔细考虑一下。He recommended reading (read) the book before seeing the movie.他建议先看这本书，再去看这部电影。The teacher recommended t

19、hat everyone (should) take (take) an active part in the English party.老师建议每一个人都应积极参加英语晚会。 (教材P38)Also，when I miss my family，it's a great comfort to have a substitute family to be with.还有，当我想家的时候，房东家就是我家的替身，和他们在一起给了我很大的安慰。(1)comfort n. 舒适；安慰vt.安慰(1)in comfort 舒适地；放松地be a comfort to sb. 对某人来说是个安慰I

20、t's a comfort to do sth. 做是令人安慰的事(2)comfort sb.give comfort to sb. 安慰某人(3)comfortable adj. 舒服的；安逸的(4)comfortably adv. 舒适地(5)uncomfortable adj. 不舒适的He had to save enough money so that he could live comfortably/in comfort. 他得存足够的钱，以便能过上舒适的生活。My mom always comforts me when I am sick. My mom always

21、gives comfort to me when I am sick.在我生病时，妈妈总是给我以安慰。It's a comfort to me to know (know) that she is safe.知道她安然无恙我感到宽慰。A hot cup of milk on a cold night is a real comfort.在寒冷的夜晚喝杯热牛奶真舒服。名师点津comfort作“舒适；安慰”讲时，为不可数名词，但作“令人安慰的人或事物”讲时，则是可数名词，前面常出现不定冠词a。类似的还有：success，failure，surprise，joy等；但fun例外，虽然也可指具

22、体的人或事，但它是不可数名词。(2)substitute n代替者；代用品vt.用代替 vi.代替(1)a substitute for sth.某物的代替者/替代品as a substitute 作为代替者/替代品(2)substitute A for Bsubstitute B with/by A 用A代替Bsubstitute for 代替The manager has to find a substitute for Tim.经理不得不找个人来代替蒂姆。The mayor was unable to attend the meeting but he sent his secretar

23、y as a substitute.市长不能出席会议，但他派了秘书来代替他。She often substitutes for absent teachers in their Spanish classes.她经常代替缺勤的老师上西班牙语课。I can substitute milk for cream.I can substitute cream with/by milk.我可以用牛奶代替奶油。【导学号：19142029】 requirement nC需求；要求(教材P38)Xie Lei's preparation course is helping her to get use

24、d to the academic requirements of a Western university.谢蕾的预科课程帮助她熟悉了西方大学在学业方面的要求。(1)meet/satisfy (one's) requirements满足(某人的)要求(2)require vt. 要求；请求；需要require sth.of sb. 要求某人某事require sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事require that sb.(should) do. 要求某人做某事require doing/to be done 需要Pilots and their aircrafts mus

25、t meet strict safety requirements.飞行员和飞机必须符合严格的安全要求。Do you know the requirement that every applicant (should) have a medical examination?你知道所有的申请者要进行体检这条规定吗？The situation required us to make (make) an immediate decision.The situation required that we (should) make (make) an immediate decision.这种情况需要

26、我们立刻做出决定。These trees are so young that they require looking/to be looked (look) after carefully.这些树太小了，它们需要细心照料。名师点津(1)require作“需要”讲，且句子主语为物时，后可跟v.­ing的主动形式表示被动或用不定式的被动形式to be done，这类用法的动词还有：need，want，deserve等。(2)require及requirement后所接的名词性从句中常用虚拟语气即“(should)动词原形”。 acknowledge vt. 承认；确认；答谢(教材P38

27、)First of all，he told me，I couldn't write what other people had said without acknowledging them.他告诉我说，首先，我不能把别人的话写下来而不表示感谢。(1)acknowledge (doing/having done) sth.承认(做了)某事acknowledge sb./sth.to be/as 承认某人/某物是acknowledge that. 承认It's generally/universally acknowledged that. 大家公认(2)acknowledgem

28、ent n. 承认；感谢；谢礼She is acknowledged as/to be one of the best singers in the world.她被认为是世界上最好的歌唱家之一。With no solid evidence，he refused to acknowledge stealing/having stolen (steal) the lady's purse.没有确凿的证据，他拒绝承认偷了那位女士的钱。People widely acknowledge that students should be evaluated in terms of overall

29、 quality.It is widely acknowledged (acknowledge) that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.人们普遍认为应该依据整体素质来评价学生。I was sent a free copy in acknowledgement (acknowledge) of my contribution.我收到一本赠刊，表示对我投稿的谢意。 contradict vt. 反驳；驳斥(教材P38)Finally he even encouraged me to contradict the

30、authors I'd read!最后，他甚至鼓励我反驳我读过的那些作者的观点！(1)contradict oneself自相矛盾contradict sb./sth. 驳斥某人/与某事物矛盾(2)contradiction n. 反驳；矛盾；对立in contradiction to 与相矛盾(3)contradictory adj. 矛盾的；完全相反的be contradictory to sth. 与相矛盾Within five minutes he had contradicted himself twice.五分钟内他就自相矛盾了两次。It's considered

31、rude to contradict other people's views.反驳别人的看法被公认为是无礼的。His public speeches are in direct contradiction (contradict) to his personal lifestyle. His public speeches are directly contradictory (contradict) to his personal lifestyle.他的公开言论与他本人的生活方式恰恰相反。 occupy vt. 占用；占领；占据(教材P39)I have been so occu

32、pied with work that I haven't had time for social activities.我一直忙于学习，以至于没有时间去搞社交活动。(1)be occupied in doing sth./with sth.忙于做某事occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth. 忙于某事；专心于某事keep sb.occupied 使某人忙碌(2)occupation n. 占用；职业Occupied with his homework，he can't go out to play football.忙于做作业，他不能出去踢足

33、球。She needs things to keep her occupied so she doesn't get into trouble.她需要事情来使她忙起来，这样她就不会陷入麻烦了。When I came in，the boy was occupied (in) doing (do) his homework.When I came in，the boy was occupied with his homework.我进来时，那个男孩正忙着做作业。When the enemy occupied (occupy) the city，the scientist was occup

34、ying himself (he) in doing his research.In fact，he had been occupied (occupy) with the research for many days.当敌人占领这座城市时，这位科学家正忙于做他的研究。事实上，他专心于这项研究已经有好几天了。解构长句难句1.(教材P38)I had to learn how to use the phone，how to pay bus fare，and how to ask a shopkeeper for things I didn't know the English for.【

35、分析】主句的谓语动词learn后接了三个并列的“how不定式”结构作宾语；I didn't know the English for为定语从句，修饰先行词things，省略了作宾语的关系代词that或which。【翻译】我得学习如何使用电话，如何付公交车费，在商店买东西如果不知道商品的英文名字时，又怎样询问店主。2(教材P38)Also，when I miss my family，it's a great comfort to have a substitute family to be with.【分析】句中when引导的是一个时间状语从句；在主句中，it是形式主语，不定式短

36、语to have a substitute family to be with才是真正的主语，其中不定式短语to be with作定语，修饰a substitute family。【翻译】还有，当我想家的时候，房东家就是我家的替身，和他们在一起给了我很大的安慰。3(教材P39)Xie Lei told me that she feels much more at home in England now，and what had seemed very strange before now appears quite normal.【分析】句中主句谓语动词told后接了两个由and连接的宾语从句

37、；第二个宾语从句中又包含一个what引导的主语从句，且what在主语从句中作主语。【翻译】谢蕾告诉我，现在她在英国感到自在多了，之前看似很奇怪的事，如今似乎变得相当正常了。 随 堂 效 果 落 实.单句语法填空1Were it not for science，we could not live a comfortable (comfort) life.2It is strongly recommended that the machine (should) be checked (check) every year.3Occupying (occupy) herself with routine office tasks，she had no time to attend to her children.4He recommended wearing (wear) safety equipment before entering the room.5To the delight of the headmaster，the young teacher had all the qualifications (qualify) she hoped for.6Pe