初二下Unit10

1、Unit 10 I have had this bike for three years.Section AYard sale庭院旧货出售庭院旧货出售这是国外的一种风俗，也是一种独特的售货方这是国外的一种风俗，也是一种独特的售货方式。人们利用周末，将家中搁置不用的物件，式。人们利用周末，将家中搁置不用的物件，放在自家庭院中廉价出售，因而被称作放在自家庭院中廉价出售，因而被称作yard sale，也可译作，也可译作“家庭拍卖会家庭拍卖会”。庭院售卖的物品种类繁多，大到家具，电器，庭院售卖的物品种类繁多，大到家具，电器，小到玩具，衣物和鞋帽。这些物品虽多数为二小到玩具，衣物和鞋帽。这些物品虽多数为

2、二手家什，但也有全新的物品，且价格合理公道，手家什，但也有全新的物品，且价格合理公道，甚至还可讨价还价。正是这种低廉，甚至还可讨价还价。正是这种低廉，公道的价格及买家淘宝和碰大运的心公道的价格及买家淘宝和碰大运的心理，使得理，使得yard sale广受欢迎，逐渐演广受欢迎，逐渐演变成一种独特的文化现象。变成一种独特的文化现象。toy bear 玩具熊玩具熊bread maker面包机面包机scarf n. 围巾围巾复数为：复数为：scarvessoft toys 毛绒玩具毛绒玩具board games 棋类游戏棋类游戏1a Look at the things at the yard sale

3、. Do you have any of these things at home? How long have you had them?toy tigertoy liontoy bearlampold bookscupmagazinecapvaseHow long have you had the ?I have had for years./since years ago.sweaterdressscarfHow long have you had the ?I have had for years./since years ago.1b_ Jeffs family is having

4、a yard sale._ Amy thinks its hard to sell her old things._ Jeff has had his bike for more than 10 years._ Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories._ You can also give old things away to people in need.1.赠送give away （to sb）e.g.他把大部分金钱捐给了慈善事业。 He gave away most of his mo

5、ney to charity. 2. 在危难中，在穷困中in need ，做后置定语e.g.患难朋友才是真朋友。A friend in need is a friend indeed.我们应该向那些处于危难中的人伸出援助之手。We should give a hand to the people in need.需要in need ofe.g.那些孩子需要帮助。Those children are in need of help.他需要钱。He is in need of money.A: This is a really old book.B: Yes, Ive had it for sev

6、en years. Ive read it three times.A: Why are you selling it?B: Because I dont read it anymore.A: How much is it?B: You can have it for 75 cents.1c3.不再not anymore = no more （强调程度和次数）not any longer = no longer (强调时间）no more和no longer在行为动词之前，其他动词之后。e.g. 他不再哭了。He did not cry anymore.He no more cried.我将不

7、会再相信你了。I will not believe you anymore.I will no more believe you.我将不再等他了。I will not wait for him any longer.I will no longer wait for him.2abook magazine toy bear toy lion toy tiger bread maker sweater dress hat scarf 2b Listen again and fill in the blanks.1. Amy has had her favorite _ for three yea

8、rs.2. Amy has had the boy _ since she was a _.3. Amys mom has had the old bread for more than _ years. 4. Amy can give away the _ and _ because they do not fit her anymore.bookbearbaby10sweaterdress2c Students A is Amys mom. Student B is Amy. Make conversations.A: Amy, can we give away these soft to

9、ys?B: Mom, I want to keep the bear.A: Why? Its so old.B: Because Ive had it since I was a baby.2d Role-play the conversation.4. check 用作及物动词用作及物动词, 意为意为“检查检查, 审查审查”; check out 意为意为“察看，观察察看，观察”。e.g. 如果你完成了，就自己先检查一下。如果你完成了，就自己先检查一下。If you finish it, check it by yourself first. 察看一下所有的书籍。察看一下所有的书籍。 Che

10、ck out all the books.5. how long, how soon, how often, how farHow long 1) 多久多久, 多长时间。对时间段提问，和延续多长时间。对时间段提问，和延续性动词连用。性动词连用。e.g.-你已经在北京工作多长时间了？你已经在北京工作多长时间了？ How long have you worked in Beijing?-十年了。十年了。For ten years.你去年在滁州待了多久？你去年在滁州待了多久？How long did you stay in Chuzhou?2) 多长。对物体本身长度提问。多长。对物体本身长度提问。e

11、.g. 这个尺子有多长？这个尺子有多长？How long is the ruler?那辆火车有多长？那辆火车有多长？How long is that train?How soon多久以后。对多久以后。对“in+时间段提问时间段提问, 常常用于一般将来时用于一般将来时”, 其答语常用其答语常用“in+时间段时间段”。e.g.李先生多久以后回来？李先生多久以后回来？ -How soon will Mr. Li be back?一个星期之后一个星期之后 -In a week. How often 多久一次多久一次, 对频率提问对频率提问, 其答语其答语为为: once (twice/)+时间段时间段

12、, always, usually等等e.g.你多久锻炼一次？你多久锻炼一次？ -How often do you exercise?一天一次。一天一次。 -Once a day.How far 多远，对距离提问，其答语是多远，对距离提问，其答语是表距离的内容。表距离的内容。e.g.从这里到你的学校有多远？从这里到你的学校有多远？ -How far is it from here to your school?三公里。三公里。 -Three kilometers.6.常用时间状语1) for + 一段时间e.g. 我已经在这儿生活很长时间了。I have been/lived here for

13、 a long time.她已经忙碌了五天了。He has been busy for five days.他通常每天睡12个小时。He usually sleeps for twelve hours every day.2) since +表示过去的时间或句子（时间点）。e.g.自从我们是孩子时，我们就相互认识了。We have known each other since we were children.我们自从2009年就住在这儿了。We have lived here since 2009.她在这儿工作5年了。 She has worked here since five years

14、 ago.3)句型：句型：“It is/ has been+时间段时间段+since+一般一般过去时的句子过去时的句子”, 表示过去某个时间发生并表示过去某个时间发生并持续到说话时的动作或状态。持续到说话时的动作或状态。e.g.自从我到中国以来已经两年了。自从我到中国以来已经两年了。 It is/ has been two years since I came to China. I have been in China since two years ago.I have been in China for two years.我学英语已经五年了。我学英语已经五年了。It is/ has b

15、een five years since I learned English.I have learned English since five years ago.I have learned English for five years.7.couple1) 夫妇e.g.他们是美好的一对。They are a nice couple.这对新婚夫妇是如此的开心。The new couple were so happy.2) 两个； 一些，几个a couple of e.g.我在地上找到两只袜子。I found a couple of socks on the floor.我可以在这待几周。I

16、 can stay here for a couple of weeks.8.1) 一点，一些 + 形容词a little/ bit a little bit kind ofe.g. 杰克有点瘦。Jack is a little bit thin.2) 一点，一些 + 不可数名词a little a (little) bit ofe.g. 杯子里有一些水。There is a little water in the glass.There is a (little) bit of water in the glass.3)一点，一些 + 可数名词a fewe.g. 一些学生a few stud

17、ents3a9.幼儿园, 学前班kindergarten小学primary school初中junior high/middle school高中senior high/middle school学院college大学university10.seem作为连系动词，后加形容词e.g. 似乎不可能。It seems impossible.他似乎很开心。He seems happy.似乎,好像做某事seem to do sth=It seems that+表语从句e.g.他似乎很高兴。He seems to be happy.It seems that he is happy.他好像是位老师。He

18、 seems to be a teacher.It seems that he is a teacher.我好像看到他了。I seem to see him.It seems that I see him.11.1) get 变化，常和比较级连用, 指变冷、变热、变长、变短、变黑。e.g. 天变的越来越黑。It gets darker and darker.天气正在变得暖和，It is getting warmer.2) become表示身份，地位，状态的变化e.g.变得富裕become rich变得受欢迎become popular 成为一个卡通人物become a cartoon char

19、acter他在三十岁时成为了一名医生。He became a doctor when he was 30.3) turn 颜色的变化e.g.他的脸变红了。His face turned red.树变绿了。The trees turned green.12.clear out 1）清除掉）清除掉 clear out + 物品物品e.g. 请把冰箱里的东西都清除掉。请把冰箱里的东西都清除掉。Please clear out all the things in the fridge.2) 清理清理clear out + 空间地点空间地点e.g. 我将把我的办公桌清理下。我将把我的办公桌清理下。I w

20、ill clear out my desk.13.part with 失去，放弃,分离e.g.我不得不放弃我的那些玩具了。I have to part with those toys.不要放弃你的梦想。Dont part with your dreams.和朋友分离是很难过的。Its sad to part with friends.14.至于，关于as fore.g.至于我，我不想离开这。As for me, I dont want to leave here.关于这个问题，我没有意见。As for this question, I have no idea.15.说实话说实话to be h

21、onest，作插入语，用逗号与句子隔开，作插入语，用逗号与句子隔开e.g.说实话，我不想去。说实话，我不想去。 To be honest, I dont want to go.同意词组：同意词组：说实话说实话to tell the truth 坦率的说坦率的说frankly speakinge.g.说实话，我不同意你。说实话，我不同意你。To be honest, I dont agree with you.坦率的说，我不喜欢你的衣服。坦率的说，我不喜欢你的衣服。Frankly speaking, I dont like your clothes.16.while和when 当时候1)when

22、可和延续性动词连用，也可和短暂性动词连用while只和延续性动词连用 e.g.当我到家时, 他正在烧饭。When I got home, he was cooking.当我睡觉时，他打开了电视。While/ When I was sleeping, he turned on the TV.2) When引导时间状语从句，a)主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。e.g.当老师进来时，我们在说话。When the teacher came in, we were talking.当Mary打电话给我时，我在冲澡。When Mary called me, I was taking a shower.

23、b)主句用一般过去时，从句用过去进行时。e.g.当我们在说话时，老师进来了。When we were talking, the teacher came in.当我在冲澡时，Mary打电话给我。When I was taking a shower, Mary called me.While引导时间状语从句, 从句必须用进行时态。a)主句用一般过去时，从句用过去进行时。e.g.当我们在说话时，老师进来了。While we were talking, the teacher came in.当我在冲澡时，Mary打电话给我。While I was taking a shower, Mary cal

24、led me.b)如果强调两个动作同时发生，主句和从句都用过去进行时态当他们在唱歌时，我们在跳舞。While they were singing, we were dancing.3) while 表示“然而”e.g. 我跑到公交车站，然而我仍然错过了公交车。I ran to the bus stop while I still missed the bus.4) 一会儿，一段时间e.g.我一会儿就回来。I will be back in a short while.我已经学了一段时间的法语了。I have learned French for a while.1. Why did they

25、decide to have a yard sale?Because the fathers children get bigger and their house seems to get smaller.2. What do they want to do with the money from the sale?They want to give the money to a childrens home.3. Why does the son want to keep his train and railway set?Because he has owned it since his

26、 fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.3b4. How can the old toys be useful again?They can be sold to the people who need them.5. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things? What would you do with the money you raise?Yes, I have. I w

27、ould give it to the charity.lose part with kids _truthful _ many _ some time _ even though _quickly _ older _childrento be honesta lot ofalthoughfastbiggera while3c17.延续性动词和短暂性动词的转换延续性动词和短暂性动词的转换1. 这本书我买了这本书我买了5年了。年了。 I have bought the book for five years. ( ) Ive had the book for five years. ( )2.

28、你哥哥参军多长时间了？你哥哥参军多长时间了？ How long has your brother joined the army? ( ) How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier? ( )1. 转换为相应的延续性动词转换为相应的延续性动词 borrow keep buy have put on wear catch a cold have a cold get to know know get to sleep sleep2. 转化为转化为“be 动词短语动词短语 leave be away begin / start

29、 be on finish/ end/ stop be overjoin be in/be a member of go to school be in school fall sleep be asleep go abroad be abroad become be marry sb be married to sbwake up be awakemake friends with be friends withgo out be out close be closed open be open die be dead get to/arrive/reach be in/atcome/go

30、be + 介词短语介词短语e.g.从1997年，他就成为了一名老师。He has been a teacher since 1997.我买这个书已经两年了。I have had this book for two years.他从两个星期前就已经借这本书了。He has kept this book since two weeks ago.我已经感冒很长时间了。I have had a cold for a long time.e.g.我已经离开北京两年了。I have been away from Beijing for two years.电影已经结束三个小时了。The file has

31、been over for three hours.自从两年前，我就加入了篮球队。I have been in the basketball since two years ago.自从八个小时前宝宝就一直在睡了。The baby has been asleep since eight hours ago.课已经开始15分钟了。The class has been on for 15 mintues.4aRewrite the sentences using for or since.1. Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago.2.

32、They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago.They have been hungry for ten hours/since ten hours ago.Jim has been in Japan for three years.3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009.4. I know Anna. I first met her three years ago.5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday.I have had a camera

33、since 2009.I have known Ann for three years/since three years ago.Linda has been ill since Monday.4bFill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.1. I _ (never be) to the water park before. I want to _ (go) next month before the weather gets too cold.2. They _ (never own) any pe

34、ts, but they _ (always want) to have a dog.have never beengohave never ownedalways want3. We _ (have) a piano since last November. We _ (buy) it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.4. Cathy and Amy _ (not be) back to their hometown for two years. They _ (miss) their hometown a lot

35、 and hope to visit the place next year.have hadboughthavent beenmiss5. This museum _ (be) here for over 20 years. It _ (be) one of the oldest buildings in this small town.has beenisSection B1a Check ( ) the places or things you can find in your town or city._ a museum _ a primary school_ a bridge _

36、a zoo _ a park _ a hill _ a library _ a riverListen and answer the questions.1. Does Martin like Jennys hometown?2. Does Jenny still live in her hometown?3. What is behind the science museum? What do people do there on weekends? Yes, he does.No, she doesnt.A big park. People go there to let their ki

37、ds run around and climb the hills.Listen again and fill in the chart about the places in Jennys hometown.Place New or old? How long has it been there?town libraryscience museumrestaurant down the streetoldfor hundreds of yearsnewsince last Augustoldfor as long as Jenny canrememberTalk about your tow

38、n/city with a partner.A: My city is lovely.B: What are some of the special places there?A: Well, theres a concert hall there. Its been around for at least 20 years.2a1.搜寻某地search sp搜查寻找某人、某物search for sb/sthe.g.史密斯先生搜查了这个屋子里的每个房间。Mr Smith searched every room in the house.警察正在搜寻一个小偷。The police are se

39、arching for a thief. 他们在森林里寻找那个走失的小孩。They searched the forest for the lost child.2.在三者或三者以上之间在三者或三者以上之间among e.g.汤姆坐在学生之间。汤姆坐在学生之间。 Tom sits among the students. 在两者之间在两者之间 between e.g.汤姆坐在玛丽和弗兰克之间。汤姆坐在玛丽和弗兰克之间。 Tom sits between Mary and Frank. 3.习惯于某事/ 做某事be/get used to sth/doing sthe.g. 我习惯于艰苦的生活。I

40、 am used to hard life.他习惯了熬夜。He is used to staying up late.过去常常做某事used to do sthe.g.他过去常常上学迟到。He used to be late for school.被用来做某事be used to do sthbe used for doing sthe.g.木头被用来制作纸。The wood is used to make paper.The wood is used for making paper.4.shame1）不可数名词，）不可数名词， “羞耻；羞愧；羞耻；羞愧；”e.g.他不对自己所做过的事感到羞

41、愧。他不对自己所做过的事感到羞愧。 He feels no shame for what he has done.2）可数名词，表示）可数名词，表示“可耻的人或事；可惜可耻的人或事；可惜（遗憾）的事（遗憾）的事”。e.g.真是遗憾我已经有三年没有回来了。真是遗憾我已经有三年没有回来了。It is a shame that I havent been back for 3 years. 5.对对持持态度态度regardwithe.g.他对这辆新车很感兴趣。他对这辆新车很感兴趣。He regarded this new car with interest.将将认为；把认为；把视为视为regarda

42、se.g.我把你当做我最好的朋友。我把你当做我最好的朋友。I regard you as my best friend.我们把他当成兄弟看待。我们把他当成兄弟看待。We regard him as our brother. 6.根据according toe.g.根据研究，80%的学生喜欢卡通片。According to the study, 80% of the students like cartoons. 1. look for _ 5. go back _2. consider _ 6. changes _3. across from _ 7. area _4. in ones opi

43、nion _search forregardoppositeaccording toreturndevelopmentsplaceMany Chinese people these days leave their _ to work in _. They usually _ to their hometown one or two times a _. Zhong Wei hasnt been back in close to three years. He has been working in a _ factory in Wenzhou for the past 13 years.ho

44、metowncitiesreturnyearcrayonPeople like him are _ in how their hometowns are changing. New buildings are often built by the _. Zhong Wei thinks these changes are _ because things need to change in order to become better. But he also thinks some things _ change, and his hometown is still the place th

45、at holds all his childhood _.interestedgovernmentgoodwill nevermemories7.consider动词动词，“考虑考虑”，=think aboute.g.请考虑我的建议。请考虑我的建议。 Please consider my suggestion.考虑做某事考虑做某事consider doing sth 我正在考虑换份工作。我正在考虑换份工作。I am considering changing my job.consider + 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词 + to do sth 他从未考虑过如何解决那个问题。他从未考虑过如何解决那个问

46、题。e.g.He has never considered how to solve the problem.8.在某人看来在某人看来 in ones opinion=in the opinion of sb. e.g. 依我看，最好给他做些卡片。依我看，最好给他做些卡片。In my opinion, its best to make some cards for him.9.hold过去式和过去分词均为过去式和过去分词均为held。1）拥有；抓住）拥有；抓住 e.g. 她手里正拿着一本书。她手里正拿着一本书。 She is holding a book in her hand. 2）“举行；

47、主持举行；主持”，相当于，相当于havee.g.他们明天会举行一场会议讨论这个问题。他们明天会举行一场会议讨论这个问题。They will hold a meeting to discuss this problem tomorrow. 10 处理，对付do with 与what连用deal with 与how连连用e.g. 让他自己处理这个问题。Let him do/ deal with the problem himself.我该怎么处理这些钱?What can I do with the money?How can I deal with the money?我不知道他们如何处理这个问题

48、。I dont know what they do with the problem. I dont know how they deal with the problem.1. How long have you had it?2. How did you get it? Did someone give it to you? Who?3. Why do you like it so much? Why is it special?4. Can you say anything more about it?In the first paragraph, introduce your favo

49、rite thing.In the second paragraph, talk about why it is special.In the third paragraph, write about a story or memories.写作指导写作指导useful sentences My favorite thing from childhood is _. Ive had it for/since _. _ gave it to me. I like _ so much because _. Its special to me because _. I think _. _ has given me many