托福写作素材

1、常用表达列表、同义替换A.结构词原因as / since / because + 句子due to/ owing to / tha nks to +名词结果hence / thus / therefore 句首 /句中as a con seque nee / as a result / con seque ntly般句首对比while / whereas 句内in con trast / by comparis on句间； 与 xxx 对比on the contrary / instead句间； 相反让步despite / in spite of + 名词eve n though / eve

2、n ifas long as探 There is no denying that?转折but / however / n evertheless / non etheless on the other hand递进in additi on / moreover / whatmore / furthermore举例for in sta nce / for example? is a case in point.时间状语替换Trace back toAt ? stage of?B.动词a.实义动词认为con sider / judge /that ?As far as I am concerned

3、 ,?There is every reas on to believe that?There is sufficie nt evide nce to con clude that?regard ? as ?take into acco unt/ con siderati on探 tend to 倾向于探 take it for gran ted that想当？然地认为考虑到Considering ?Regard ing?have a glimpse of ?重视attach (greater) importa nce to ?keep a close watch on ? be of top

4、 priority.是最重要的take ? into account.考虑重视 be full award of ? 充分意识到 realize the importa nee of ?习惯be accustomed to /be used toadapt to 适应基础constitute a stepping stone to是？基石pave the way for 为？铺平道路 lay a foun dati on to; as the foun dati on of承担责任Be resp on sible/ have the resp on sibility to bear resp

5、on sibilitytake charge of努力make efforts to do endeavor to do try hard to成为become sth.establish on eself as?需要n eed sth./ to do be required to尝试try doingattempt to意味着means thatin dicates that导致causegive rise tolead to影响正Mappeal to负side effectsinterfere with ?干扰produce n egative impacts中性affectsexert

6、(adj.) in flue nces/ an in flue nee on对？产生？影响米取措施ren deradopt measures获得【被动】have access to 接触至 Ureceivebe equipped withobtain sth. master sth. accomplish sth. en ter 至 U 达 a comma nd of ?用禾 U 用 make full use of / make the most of / take full advantage of占用 occupybe filled with被剥夺be deprived by指示/听指示

7、follow the guida nee ofun der the in structi on ofurge ? to do 督促某人做某事 point out指出处理/应对cope withdeal with预防take precauti ons aga inst坚持stick to忍耐en dure鼓励、激励en couragespurbe in spired tobe motivated to支持advocatecall for探 marvel at增加/提高improve / stipulate / enhance / foster developEstablish Enl argeE

8、nhance减少/降低Decrease / reduce / lesse n / shri nk / diminish / trim dow n / bring dow n领先be advaneed be in the lead落后lag beh indsurro un ded沉迷excessive obsessi on withb.情态动词应当（中性）be obliged tobe supposed tobe suggested tobe required to有利于con tribute tomake con tributi ons to做贝献it is imperative (for s

9、b)to do sth. so as to 以便于有害于pose a threat toun derm ines关联有关be associated with无关have nothing to do with可能有可能存在可能There exists the possibility that?创造可能make possible/impossible for能够能够（能力）enable ? to ?C.介词为了forwith the purpose ofso as to在于、由于lie in在于owe to 由于 通过？方式By doingBy means ofBy the way ofIn th

10、e form ofD.名词普及prevale neespreadE.表形容多rich / abundant / plentiful少Be short / scarce lack of大large / huge / eno rmous / vast / giga ntic / massive / gia nt / tita nic clumsy过大（负面）excessive小Small / little / minorSubtle / tiny是好的1leave a （profound） impression on 给? 留下（深刻）印象 appeal to是不好的2leave a （profo

11、und） impression on 给? 留下（深刻）印象是重要的Importa nt / sig ni fica nt / vital / fun dame ntal / crucial / imperative / esse ntial / critical / cen tral / necessary/ vigorousin dispe nsablebe of top priority是最重要的play a decisive role in是重要的means a lot二、结构常用句式开头段 现状 due tohave a glimpse ofplay a? role in注：非原意；

12、通过前后文表好恶同上be accustomed tohas wit nessed an un precede nted boom主体段段首第一段to begi n/start with in itially/firstly first of all第二段in additi on/ moreover/ whatmore/furthermorelast but not least n ext/ besides展开因果Owing to/ due to / because ofThis is because?Obviously/clearly,?It is widely ack no wledged

13、that?It is vastly agreed / accepted that?对比展开古今：in the past,? ; Tracing back to the past纯对比：in contrast,? / By comparison, ?Compari ng with/ in comparis on with? while/ whereas?正反展开On the con trary,?On the other hand,?In stead, ?Con versely,?If/ suppos ing that/ assu ming that,?段内列举句首For one thing,? for another,?To be more specific,?Besides, ?Additio nally,?Obviously/cleai rly,?陈述结尾段让步In deed,.Admittedly,?It is true that ?There is no denying that,?We have to admit that