并列连词和从属连词

1、、并列连词 ：）常见的 表示语义延伸 的并列连词有：1. andJustice is on your side. And justice will triumph over injustice. 正义在你们一边， 而 正义是会战胜非正义的2. neither. norShe could neither speak the languagenor write it. 这种语言她 既不 会说， 也不 会写。3. both. andA man should have both courage and perseverance.一个 人既要有勇气 又 要有毅力。4. not only. but als

2、oWe should not only be bold, but also be cautious. 们不仅 要大胆， 而且要谨慎。5. as well asI have read one of his novelsas well as a few of hisplays. 我读过他的一本小说 和 几个剧本。二）表示 选择 的并列连词有：1. orYou may do it yourself, or ask someone else to do it.做 或者 让别人做。2. either. or你可以自己I left it either on the table or in the draw

3、er.是把它放在桌子上了， 就是 放在抽屉里了。除了表示选择外， or 和 either. or还可以件：我不表示否定的条1) Now I must go or (if not) I shall be late for the party. 我现在得走了，否则晚会我就要迟到了2) You'll either behave yourself, or you'll never goout with me. 你要么老实点，要么就永远不能跟我一起出去。三） 表示 转折或对比 的并列连词有：1. butHe tried hard but he was unsuccessful. 他做了很

4、大努 力但没有成功。2. yetThe car was old, yet it was in excellent condition. 这 辆车子很旧， 但 仍处于良好的状态。3. howeverShe felt ill. She went to work, however, and tried to concentrate.她病了。 然而 她照旧去上班，并且尽力集中精神工作四）表示 因果关系 的并列连词有： 因果：原因和结果1. forYou'd better put on your sweater,for it's rather coldoutside. 你最好把毛衣穿上，

5、 因为 外边相当冷。2. soMy sister is expecting me，so I must be off now.姐在等我， 因此 我得走了。二、从属连词：从属连词是用来引导从句的。一）引导 时间状语从句 的从属连词有：1. whenThere was prolonged applausewhen he began to speak.他开始讲话时响起了经久不息的掌声。2. whileWe should strike while the iron is hot.我们要趁热打铁。3. asAs (When) he entered, the hall burst into thundero

6、us applause.当他进来时，全场发出雷鸣般的掌声。4. afterAfter I visit Shanghai I'll travel up the Yangtze.访问上海之后，我将溯长江而上。5. beforeIt would be months before he was fit for the work.要过好几个月他才能适应工作。6. since才一个星期7. until (till)I shall stay here until (till) I've completed my studies.待到学习结束为止。8. as soon asAs soon as

7、 he got well, he went back to work.好就回去上班了。9. onceOnce he said that, I knew he was lying.就知道他在撒谎。我要在这里他病一他一说这话我) 引导 原因状语从句 的从属连词有：1. becauseHe failed because he was too careless.因为 他太粗心，所以失败了2. asAs it was already rather dark, we decided to stop atthe temple for the night.因为 已经相当晚了，在庙里待一夜。3. sinceSi

8、nce （ 原因） you don't want to go, we won't force you to. 不愿意去，我们也不勉强你。4. now that我们决定既然 你Now that you are all back, we'd better start the work right away.你们既然都回来了， 我们最好马上就开始工作。5. considering (that)They did the job quite well considering (that) they had noexperience. 考虑到 他们没有什么经验，这项工作他们 已经干

9、 得不错了。6. seeing thatSeeing that (Since) nobody was very enthusiastic about it, they decided to cancel the trip.由于 都没有很高的热情，他们决定取消这次旅行。七) 引导 结果状语从句 的从属连词有：1. so.thatShe was so moved that tears came to her eyes.她感动 得热泪盈眶。演讲2. such.thatIt was such a boring speech that I fell asleep. 枯燥乏味，听得我都睡着了。三）引导 条

10、件状语从句 的从属连词有：1. ifIf you can do it, so can I.你要是能办到，我也能办到。2. even ifWewouldn't lose heart even if we should fail ten times.我们就是失败十次也不灰心。3. unlessI won't go unless you want me to.除非你要我去，否则我是不会去的。4. in caseWe'd better take our raincoatsin case it should rain (rains).我们最好把雨衣带着 以防 下雨5. provi

11、ded /providing (that)I'll come provided (providing) (that)you let me knowin good time. 你要是及时通知我是会来的。6. suppose/supposing (that)Suppose (Supposing) (that)he won't agree, what shallwe do? 假如 他不同意，我们怎么办？7. as (so) long asYou may use the room as long as you keep it clean.只 要保持清洁你可以用这个房间。8. on co

12、ndition (that)I'll lend you the bookon condition (that) you returnit on Monday. 只要 你能在星期一还我，这本书我就借给你。四）引导 让步状语从句 的从属连词有：1. although / thoughEverybody worked with great enthusiasm although/though theweather was extremely cold.虽然 天气很冷，大家工作得非常起劲。2. even if (though)Even if I have to walk all the way

13、 I'll get there. 即 使我得一路走着去，我也要去那里。五 ) 引导 比较状语从句 的从属连词有：1. thanWe have produced 20% more cotton this yearthan we didlast year. 我们今年棉花产量比去年高百分之二十。2. as (so).as水平不及他姐姐的一半六 ) 引导 目的状语从句 的从属连词有：1. lestShe explained again and again lest people should misunderstandher. 她一再解释 唯恐 人们误解。2. so thatSpeak cle

14、arly so that we may understand you. 讲话要清楚， 以便 我们能听明白。3. in order thatHe assigned us some books to read at home in order that (so that) we might have a deeper understanding of the subject.他指定几本书给我们回家看， 以便 我们对这一主 题有一个较深的了解。八 ) 引导名词性从句的连词有三个： (1)that ( 本身无意义 ) ，(2)whether (or not) ， (3)if 。例如：That they will refuse the offer is unlikely. 他们不 太可能会拒绝这 个建议。I don't know whether (=if) these figures are accurate. 我不知道这些 数字是否精确。需要注意的是： whether (or not) 可引导大部分名词性从 句； if 仅可引导宾语从句，而且不可跟 or not 。例如：Whether ( 工 if) they will come or not won't make