2020版英语新教材外研必修一同步学案：第一讲句子成分和答案

1、2020版英语新教材外研必修一同步学案：第一讲句子成分和答案-1 - / 8第一讲句子成分一、主语、谓语温故考一考说出下列句子中画线部分的句子成分1. Class begins at eight.答案：主语谓语2. The teachersare having a meeting.答案：主语谓语3. At five oclock, they left.答案：主语谓语4 . Put_up your hand if you have any questions.答案：谓语谓语5. Smoking does harm to your health.答案：主语谓语6. There is a_pen o

2、n the desk.答案：谓语主语7. Who teaches you maths, Xiao Hua?答案：主语谓语8. This_story happened in London.答案：主语谓语9 . The_rich should_help the poor.答案：主语谓语一10. This weekend,some_of_usare_going_to_have a picnicwith the teachers.答案：主语谓语知新讲一讲组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。根据各个部分在句子中所 起的作用分别称为主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。 其中主语和谓语是句子的主体。1.主语

3、(Subject):主语是句子的主体部分，是说明的对象， 是动作的执行者或2020版英语新教材外研必修一同步学案：第一讲句子成分和答案-2 - / 8发出者。主语通常由名词、代词等充当(主语有时是动作的承受者，这时谓语应用被动语态)。例如：The stude nts are liste ning to me carefully.学生们在认真听我讲课。They want to lear n En glish well.他们想学好英语。2. 谓语(Predicate)：谓语用来表示主语的状态或行为动作。(1) 简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成， 不管是什么时态、语态、语气。例如：He pract

4、ises running every morning.他每天早上练习跑步。Dont play in the street.不要在街上玩。He is doing his homework now.他现在正在做家庭作业。(2)复合谓语：由情态动词或某些其他助动词加不带to 的动词不定式构成。例如：You may keep the book for two weeks.这本书你可以借两周。He had to stay at home.他不得不待在家里。由系动词加表语构成。例如：We are stude nts 我们是学生。温故知新一一练一练I.指出下列句子中的主语和谓语(画线部分)1. He has

5、_become more and more interested in English.答案：主语一谓语2 . Theivi ng should_go_on_with his work.答案：主语谓语一一一3. He practises speaking English every morning.答案：主语谓语4 . The_child has_been_brought_up by his grandmother.2020版英语新教材外研必修一同步学案：第一讲句子成分和答案-3 - / 8答案：主语谓语 一 一5. To_see is_to_believe.答案：主语谓语6. It is_n

6、ecessary to_help_him_out.答案：形式主语谓语真正主语7 . He looked_after the childre n carefully.答案：主语谓语8. Four_plus_four is_eight.2020版英语新教材外研必修一同步学案：第一讲句子成分和答案-4 - / 8答案：主语谓语9. He can一speak English very well.答案：主语一谓语10 . Playing football in the street is dangerous. 答案：主语谓语 汉译英1. 他昨天下午到达海南。答案： Y esterday after no

7、on he reached Hai nan.2. 我们经常在课堂上说英语。答案： We often speak English in class.3. 掌握一门外语是有必要的。答案：It is necessary to master a foreign Ianguage.4. 张教授是著名的科学家。答案： Professor Zhang is a famous scie ntist.5. 我们打算今晚去拜访他。答案： We are going to call on him tonight.二、宾语、表语温故考一考说出下列句子中画线部分的句子成分1. They visited an_exhibi

8、tion yesterday.答案：宾语 2. The heavy rainpreve nted mearriving at_school_on_time.答案：宾语宾语3. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.答案：宾语宾语4. I enjoy listening_to_pop_music.答案：宾语 -5. She looks unhappy today.答案：表语6. He often went hungry in the past.答案：表语7. His job is tD_teach_EngJish.from2020版英语新教

9、材外研必修一同步学案：第一讲句子成分和答案-5 - / 8答案：表语8. Time is up. The class is over.答案：表语表语9.He remained in_poor_health all those years.答案：表语 -10. These apples taste sweet.答案：表语知新讲一讲1.宾语（Object）:宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词（短语）或介词后面。例如：He is going to buy a dictionary.（动词的宾语）他打算买本词典。We should lear n from him.我们应向他学习。（介词的宾语

10、）宾语种类：（1）双宾语：间接宾语+直接宾语，间接宾语一般 指人，直接宾语一般指物。例如：Lend me your dicti onary, please.请把你的词典借给我用一用。（2）复合宾语：宾语+宾补。例如：He asked me to come 他请我来的。2. 表语（Predicative）:表语用以说明主语的身份、 特征或状态，它一般位于系动词 （女口 be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem 等）之 后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、动词的 -ing 形式、不定式、 介词短语、副词及从句充当。例如：Is it yours ?那是你的吗?Th

11、e books are in teresti ng 这些书很有趣。I was nt at home last ni ght.昨晚我没在家。The weather has tur ned cold 天气已变冷。温故知新一一练一练I.指出下列句子中的宾语和表语（画线部分）1.His job is to_train_swimmers.答案：表语一 一2020版英语新教材外研必修一同步学案：第一讲句子成分和答案-6 - / 82.He seems interested in the plan.答案：表语3.He handed me the_newspaper.答案：间接宾语直接宾语2020版英语新教材

12、外研必修一同步学案：第一讲句子成分和答案-7 - / 84. The war was over.答案：表语5. The window is broken.答案：表语.汉译英1. 我的爱好是画画。答案： My hobby is pain ti ng.2. 他好像知道真相。答案： He seems to know the truth.3. 他不喜欢这项工作。答案：He does nt like the job.4. 我给你买了一些巧克力。答案：I have bought you some chocolate.5. 这工厂 60%的工人是年轻人。答案：60% of the workers in th

13、is factory are young.三、定语、状语、补语温故考一考说出下列句子中画线部分的句子成分1 . China is a developing country, while Americadeveloped country.答案：定语定语He is readi ng an article about_how_to_learn_E nglish.答案：定语3. The boy who_is_shouting_there is her brother. 答案：定语定语 -4. Light travels most_quickly. 答案：状语 -5. He has lived in t

14、he city for_ten_years.答案：状语-6. He goes to school _by_bus.答案：状语-7. ln_order_to_catch_up_with_the_others,_l must harder.答案：状语状语8 . Dont leave the win dow open.2.is awork2020版英语新教材外研必修一同步学案：第一讲句子成分和答案-8 - / 8答案：宾补9. I heard him go_out.答案：宾补 一10. His father named him Dong Ming.答案：宾补知新讲一讲1. 定语：(Attribute

15、):定语起修饰限制名词或代词的作用。一 般由形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词(短语)或句子充当。例如：Dalia n is a beautiful city.大连是一个美丽的城市。The girl with glasses is dilige nt.戴眼镜的女孩很勤奋。The man sta nding there is our teacher.站在那里的那人是我们的老师。Is there any differenee between spoken English and written English?英语口语和书面语之间有什么不同吗？I have a lot of

16、 homework to do.我有许多作业要做。2. 状语(Adverbial):状语用于修饰动词、形容词、 副词或整 个句子，说明动作或状态特征。可表示时间、地点、原因、目的、 结果、方式、伴随、条件、程度、让步、频率等，一般由副词、介词短语、动词不定式，动词的-ing 形式或从句充当。例如：Im very pleased to see you.见到你我非常高兴。Ill be back in a while.我一会儿就回来。We go home twice a mon th.我们每月回家两次。Being fat, he cant walk long.因为身体很胖，他走不了多远。He wor

17、ks hard every day to pass the exam.为了通过考试，他天天刻苦学习。2020版英语新教材外研必修一同步学案：第一讲句子成分和答案-9 - / 83. 宾语补足语(Object Complement):用来对宾语作补充说明， 可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词或介词短语等充当。例如：They pain ted their boat white.他们把船涂成白色。Let the fresh air in.让新鲜空气进来。You must nt force him to lend his money to you.你绝不可强迫他借钱给你。We saw her en

18、teri ng the room.我们见她进入房间。We found everyth ing in the lab in good order. 我们发现实验室里的东西都井然有序。温故知新一一练一练I.指出下列句子中画线部分的句子成分1.He is a lovely boy.答案：定语2.There are manywomen teachers in our school.答案：定语定语3 . Our monitor is always the first to_enter_the_classroom. 答案：定语定语-4.He is playing therehappily.答案：状语状语5.I shall go ther