M3U3语法主谓一致

1、M3U3 grammar 主谓一致主谓一致是指：1) 语法形式和意义上要一致，即单复数形式，意义上与谓语要一致。2) 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。一：当主语属于以下情况时，谓语要用单数形式：1) 当主语是单数名词或不可数名词时The city(found) in the 8 th century BC.The food they offered on the pla ne(be) delicious.2) 表示金钱，时间，价格，距离，书名或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，谓语一般 用单数。Three weeks(allow) for maki ng the n ecessar

2、y preparati ons.Ten yuan(be) eno ugh.Little Wome n(be) a great no vel.3) 动名词，不定式或从句充当主语时Travelli ng to Pompeii(be) excit ing.That it keeps raining cats and dogs(worry) the tourists.4) ma ny a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。Many a student has been to Shanghai.许多学生到过上海。5) more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语要用单数形式Mor

3、e than one student has ever been to Beijing.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。二：当主语属于以下情况时，谓语动词要用复数形式：1) 主语是复数名词时Both cities(be) very wealthy, attract ing people from all over the coun try.2) 主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的词或词组时Con trary to what we had expected, the no odles and rice they served on the pla ne(be)quite delicious.注意：当

4、主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物 时，谓语动词用单数，and此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。The iron and steel industry(be) very importa nt to our life.钢铁工业对我们的生活勻The League secretary and mon itorasked to make a speech at the meeti ng.A. isB. wasC. areD. were3) the+形容词，表示一类人，谓语动词用复数The poor are happy while the rich are upset.The

5、 oldhere.(在这老人得至U很好的照顾。)三：特殊情况1) 当主语是all of/most of/some of/half of/a part of +名词或代词时，谓语动词的单复数形式与名词或代词保持一致。All of us(atte nd) the lecture about Pompeii.Most of the lecture(be) about how the ancient city was discovered.2) 分数或百分数+of+名词作主语时,句中的谓语动词由后面的名词来决定：如果是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；如果是复数名词或者表示复数意义的集体名词，谓语用复数。E

6、g Three fourth s of the earth s s_u_r_fa_c_e_ (be) water.Eg Sixty percent of the people ( 参加 ) the activity.3) 当主语是 crowd, class, family, public, government 和 team 等集合名词时， 如果 该集合名词表示一个组织或单位的概念，谓语动词用单数形式。如果该集合名词 表示组织或单位里一些个体的概念，谓语动词用复数形式。His family (be) very large.His family (be) music lovers.但集合名词 p

7、eople, police, cattle 等在任何情况下都用复数形式。(be) there any police around?周围有警察吗？4) 当主语是 news, physics, maths 等一类词时，谓语动词用单数形式。当主语是 goods, clothes, earnin gs(收入),rema ins, 和 bel ongin gs (所有物)等一类词时，谓语用复数形式。The latest news (be) that the Loulan Beauty is on exhibition in Shanghai.These remains (preserve) for re

8、search in the future.5) works(作品),means(方法),sheep, fish等名词单复数同形，要从上下文判 断其具体意义来决定单复数。Every means ( 都试过了 )6) 定语从句中，在“ one of +复数名词+定语从句”中，定语从句谓语用复数。在“ the onl y/the one of+复数名词+定语从句”中，定语从句谓语用单数。John is one of the students who to London.(去过伦敦 )John is the only one of the students who to London.(去过伦敦 )7

9、) a number of + 可数名词复数，表示“许多的” ，谓语动词用复数。the number of +可数名词复数，表示“的数量”，谓语动词用单数。The number of visitors to Frinley has now increased.The number of students in our class 41 我们班学生的数量是 41 人。A number of students trees on the hill 许多学生在小山上植树。8) what 引导主语从句时，如果其含义是单数，谓语用单数。如果其含义是复数， 谓语用复数。What I need (be) ti

10、me. What we need (be) books.四：主谓一致中的就近原则当用 eitheror,neithernor,not only but also ,和 notbut连接句子 主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式和与其最近的主语的单复数形式保持一致。Either the team leader or the guides the students. ( 正在照顾 )Either the guides or the team leader the students. ( 正在照顾 )注：一般疑问句谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。 (be) he or I going there?五：主谓一致

11、中的就远原则当主语后面跟有 with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词 引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。The teacher together with some students (visit)the factory.老师和学生一起正在参观工厂。He as well as I to go boating. 他和我都想去划船。巩固练习1. A library with five thousand books to the nation as a gift.A. is offered B. ha

12、s offered C. are offered D. have offered2. The police determined to bring back the missing boy when his family almostgiven up all hope. A. is, has B. are, have C. are, has D. is, have3. I have finished a large part of the book; the rest more difficult.A. is B. are C. was D. were4. Ten minutes an hou

13、r when one is waiting for an important call.A. seems B. seem C. like D. feels5. Its not you but Mr. Anderson who to answer for the incident.A. are B. were C. is D. was6. -Mike, what did your monitor say just now?- Every boy and every girl as well as teachers who to visit the museum asked tobe at the

14、 school gat before 6:30.A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is7. My driving license, rather than my credit cards, lost.A. have B. are C. is D. has8. That they were wrong in these matters now clear to us all.A. is B. was C. are D. were9. The wounded sent to the hospital at once.A. were B. are C.

15、 is D. was10. A number of students for an outing. The number of them fifty.A. have gone; are B. has gone; is C. has gone; are D. have gone; is11. When and where to build the subway yet.A. are not decided B. have not been decidedC. is not being decided D. has not been decided12. This is one of the be

16、st novels that appeared this year.A. have been B. has C. had been D. have13. A large quantity of information, as well as some timely help _ since the organization was built.A. has offered B. had been offered C. have been offered D. is offered14. It I who leaving for London.A. is isB. am isC. is amD.

17、 am am15. Each of the students in our class great interest in English and they each acopy of New Concept English.A. shows; haveB. have; has C. is; haveD. takes; has16. Not only politics but also English is important. In other word, is important.A. English, as well as politicsB. politics as well as E

18、nglishC. both politics and EnglishD. politics as well as the English17. About one third of the people in Beijing and Shanghai netizens, but in poorer areas,only three or four percent online.A. is; isB. are; areC. are; isD. is; are18. He said that the twelfth and last lesson rather difficult.A. wereB

19、. wasC. will beD. are19. No one in the department but Tom and I that the director is going to resign.A. knows B. know C. have knownD. am to know20. She has set a new record, that is, the sales（ 销售量 ） of her latest book 50 million.D. had reachedB. are C. was D. wereB. is C. am D. wereA. have reachedB

20、. has reachedC. are reaching21. The following some other mental diseases. A. being22. Not only you but also I able to help him out. A. are23. “ TheKites ” us a story of the kite s history.A. have told B. tells C. were told D. was told24. A teacher of English and class teacher us something about volu

21、nteer workers.A. are telling B. is telling C. are given D. were given25. Many a student something about Abraham Lincoln.A. have known B. knows C. is known D. are known26. You as well as heto blame（责备）for the accident （交通事故）.27. In the city the old A. take good care ofC. is taken good care ofA. areB.

22、 isC. haveD. hasB. are taken good care ofD. are been taken good care of28. Each of you responsible for the accident. A. am B. be C. is D. are29. Each man and woman the same rights.A .has B. haveC. hadD. is having30. Every means tried but without much result.A. has been B. have been C. are D is31. Ne

23、ither Tom nor his parents at home.A. isB. are C. has D was32. “twenty dollars a big sum to her? ” “ I suppose so.”A. Will be B. IsC. Are D. Were33. Many a student the importance of learning a foreign language.A. have realized B. has realize C. have been realizedD. has been realized34. The public gen

24、erous in their contributions to the earthquake victims.A. isB. wasC. areD. has been35. Cattle on the hillside.A. grazesB. is grazingC. was grazingD. were grazing36. Her politics neither conservative nor liberal.A. isB. areC. wasD. has been37. Mary is one of the girls who always on time.A. isB. amC.

25、areD. was38. is to attend our evening.A. both the singer and the dancerC. The singer or dancers39. Four-fifths of the crop .A. are ruinedB. was ruinedB. Either the singer or dancersD. The singer and dancerC. were ruined D. have been ruined40. Getting to other planets or to the moon m a ny problems.A

26、. involveB. involvesC. involvingD. to involve41. Tom is the only one of the stall members who to be promoted.A. is goingB. are going C. has been goingD. have been going42. Whisky and soda his favorite drink.A. isB. areC. wereD. have been宾补单选：1. There s a hole in your bag. I know, I m going to have i

27、t A. mend B. mendingC. men dedD. to be men ded2.1 found the doorwhe n I got home. A. ope nedB. close C. uni ock ingD. ope n3. The boy wan ted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him.A. not toB. not to do C. not doD. do not to4. With a lot of difficult problems, the n ewly-elected

28、preside nt is havi ng a hard time.A. settled B. settli ngC. to settle D. bei ng settled5A cook will be immediately fired if he is foundin the kitchen.A. smokeB. smok ingC. to smokeD. smoked6. To lear n En glish well, we should find opport un ities to hear En glishas much as we can.A. speakB. speak i

29、ngC. spoke nD. to speak7. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagueswith her stories.A. amusedB. amus ingC. to amuseD. to be amused8. Alexa nder tried to get his workin the medical circles.A. to recog nizeB. recog nizingC. recog nizeD. recog ni zed9. Liste n! Do you hear some on

30、e for help?(湖南)A. calli ngB. callC. to callD. called10. Hele n had to shout due to the rain storm.A. making herself hearC. making herself heard11. The accide nt is believedB. to make herself hearD. to make herself heardby the thick dark ness and the snow on the road.A. to be caus ingB. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused12. house price up by 200%, ordinary people cannot afford .A. AsB. ForC. WithD. Through13. The court hears about 120 cases a year; visitors are welc