现在完成时专题讲座

1、现在完成时专题讲座：一、基本结构：have (has) + done 二、基本概念：1. 过去发生的一个动作 或者存在的某个状态，对现在造成了影响或者结果；（这里的动词需要用结束性动词） FuturePresentPast He _ (die). The war _ (break) out.2. 过去发生的一个动作或存在的某个状态，一直持续到现在，对现在造成了影响或者结果。(这里的动词需要用延续性动词) He _ (be) a teacher for ten years. He _ (be) a teacher since ten years ago. We _ (work) at this

2、school for 3 years.三、现在完成时的判断： 1、句子中没有明确的时间。 He _ (die) last year He _ (die) next week. He _ (die) now. He _ (die)2、句子中有一些特征词。 Already ever never just yet since. For. He _already _ (see) the film. I _ never _ (learn)English . _ you _ (finish) your homework yet? The meeting _ (begin) for two hours.四、

3、延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换 动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。 一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long

4、; for a long time等。 例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year? 二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用

5、，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;例:He died 5 years ago. 否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:I haven't left here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave - be away, borrow - keep, buy - have, begin/start - be on, die - be dead, finish - be over, join - be in+组织机构, b

6、e a member of+组织机构, open sth - keep sth open, fall ill - be ill, get up-be up, catch a cold - have a cold, come here - be here, go there - be there, become - be, come back - be back, fall asleep - be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach - be (in), leave - be away from, get to know - know, go (get) out be ou

7、t， put on wear；catch a cold have a cold等。 例:The old man died 4 years ago. -The old man has been dead for 4 years. - It is 4 years since the old man died. -Four years has passed since the old man died. He joined the Party 2 years ago. -He has been in the Party for 2 years. I bought the book 5 days ag

8、o. - I have had the book for 5 days. 补充练习：1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away2. I _ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been inThe factory _ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B.

9、 has opened C. was open D. openedMary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become5.You mustn't _ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left6.The meeting _ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over7.Miss Gao _ this school

10、 for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught8.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years . A. has been B. has become C. was D. became9. I _ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned10. How long _ he _ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead11. He _ at eight yesterday afte

11、rnoon.A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept12.He _ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had 13.-How long _ you _ ill ? -Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been14.Since 2000, he _ his hometown. A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from15.I'll lend y

12、ou the book , but you can only _ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take16.The bus _ on the road for 2 hours so far. A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been17.Are you _ the jacket these days? A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on18.He _ foe 2 hours. A. got up B. has got up C. has been up19. Tom

13、is ill in hospital. He _ a cold for several days. A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had20.- How long can I _ the book? - Two weeks.A. borrow B. lend C. get D. keep四实战练习：1. I have ever been to macau. (变否定句)I _ _ been to Macau before.2.He hasn't come to school because he's ill (就划线部分提问)_ _

14、 he come to school?3.He has learned English for 5 years.(就划线部分提问)_ _ _ _ learned English ?4.I bought a new bike just now.(用just改写)I _ just _ a new bike.5.We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句)We _ _English _three years四、 用for 或since填空1. Jill has been in Ireland Monday.2. Jill has been in

15、Ireland three days.3. My aunt has lived in Australia 15 days.4. Margaret is in her office.She has been there7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country 1974.6. The bus is late.We've been waiting 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses.They have been empty many years.8. Mike has bee

16、n ill a long time. He has been in hospital OctoberA.用 already或 yet1) Have they taken down the old pictures _?No, not _.2) Most of us have finished our compositions _3) He said he hadnt visited the exhibition _.B.用 since或 for1) We have learned five lessons _he beginning of this term.2) Mrs Liao has b

17、een in hospital _last week.3) I have stayed at my aunts _two weeks.C. 用have gone或 have been1) Where are the boy students ?They _to the school factory.2) Is your father in?No, he _to Shenzhen._ he ever_there before?Yes, he _there several times3) He asked me if I _to Hangzhou before. I told him that I

18、 wanted to go there for a visit as I _never _ to that city before.1. 写出下列动词的过去式 , 过去分词 .am_ _ come _ _ go_ _do _ _ ask _ _ speak_ _cut _ _ sit _ _ spend_ _get _ _ draw_ _ write _ _see_ _ say _ _ keep _ _eat _ _ buy _ _ hear _ _put _ _ fall _ _ give ­_ _read_ _ stop_ _ hurry_ _2. 选择正确答案( ) 1.His

19、 grandfather _for over two years. A. has dead B. has been dead C. has died D. died( ) 2._ you _ your homework ,Bob ? Yes , I have .A. Did : finish B. Will , finish C. Have ; finished D. Do , finish( ) 3.-How do you like Hangzhou , Miss Read ? -Sorry , I _there . A. have gone B. have been C. havent g

20、one D. havent been( ) 4.-How many times _to Shanghai since the summer of 2000 ?-Twice .A .did you go B. have you gone C. have you been D. will you go( ) 5.-Have you ever been to Canada ?-Yes, I _there last year with my parents. A. have been B. have gone C. went D. go ( ) 6.-Have you ever _Wunzhen Is

21、land ? -No, never . But Im going to Wunzhen Island this summer .A. been in B. gone in C. been to D. gone to( ) 7.-Where _ jack _? -To the market. He bought some fruit.A. does; go B. has; gone C. is; going D. has; been( ) 8. -Excuse me. Look at the sign over there. It says “ No smoking .” -Sorry. I _

22、that .A. havent seen B. hadnt seen C. didnt see D. dont see ( ) 9.Great changes _place , many schools _.A. have taken ; have been opened B. take ; are openC. have been taken ; are opened D. are taken ; open( ) 10 .My dictionary _ . I have looked for it everywhere but still _it .A. has lost ; havent

23、found B. has lost ; didnt findC. is missing ; havent found D. is lost ; didnt find ( ) 11 .Our teacher didnt know how log the Greens _ China .A. have come to B. had been in C. had gone to D. had been to ( ) 12. Fang Li has _ her mind _her job .A. maked with ; quit B. make up ; to quit C. made up ; t

24、o quit D. maked with ; quiting( ) 13 . Unlike tennis , some sports, such as golf and rugby ,have been tried in the Olympic but _A. have returned B. have never returned C. didnt return D. returned ( ) 14. -Have you _the film “ Pearl Harbor” ? -Yes, I _ it last month.A. seen ; seen B. seen ; saw C. sa

25、w ; seen D. seen ; had ( ) 15.-Have you been to the Dinosaur World , Susan ?-Yes , I _it last week .A. have visited B. had visited C. visit D. visited( ) 16. -John ,you _the computer game for two hours . Its bad for your eyes .-Ok . Mum .A. played B. have played C.were playing D. play( ) 17. His gra

26、ndfather _for over two years .A. has died B. has been dead C. has dead D. died( ) 18. The film has _an hour.A. stopped for B. finished for C. have over for D. finished sinceII. 单词拼写.!. Mr Johnson has taught English here for 3 years _( 自从 ) he came to China .2. Toms uncle has _( 居住 ) in the country a

27、ll his life .3. Hes just _( 写 ) a letter to his parents .4. How long have you _ (借 ) this book ?六 选择填空1.Mother _me a new coat yesterday. I _ it on. It fits me well.A. had madehave tried B. madehave triedC. has madetried D. madetried2 “He _to draw horses already”.When _ he ?”“ Last year “A. learnedhas B. learneddidC. has learnedhas D. has le