




版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领
文档简介
1、.教育学科老师辅导教案 学员编号: 年 级: 课 时 数:3学员姓名: 辅导科目: 学科老师:课程主题:代词和不定代词授课时间:学习目的掌握代词的根本种类和不定代词的根本用法教学内容代词主要用来指代人、物或事件,代词的主要用处就是代替出现过的特定词、短语或句子,以防止重复。代词的分类英语中代词分为:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。知识精讲知识点一人称代词我你他她它我们你们他/她/它们主格IYouHeSheItWeYouThey宾格meyouHimheritusyouthem1) 定义:人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。有主格和宾格之分,
2、主格可以作主语和表语,宾格用作宾语。它必须在人称第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称、数单数、复数以及性阴性、阳性、中性三方面与被指代的名词一致。 如:I am a student. Tom is a boy, and he is a student. Mary is very pretty and she likes singing.
3、;I saw the boys this morning. Are you sure it was they表语? 注意: a.在口语中,人称代词的主格形式作表语时,常常可以用宾格交换。 如:It can't be he/him. Is this Mr. Green? Yes, this is he/him. b.
4、160;在口语中,当人称代词用于than, as 之后或用于强调句中被强调时,用主格较正式和宾格较口语化均可以。 如: He sings better than I/me. 他比我唱得好。 You know more than she/her. She is as tall as meI am. c. 单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格,即使它充当的是主语也是如
5、此。如: “I like English. “Me too=I like English too. “我喜欢英语。“我也喜欢。知识点二物主代词【知识梳理】物主代词是说明事物所属关系的代词,分为形容词性和名词性两种。 单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyoursHisHersitsoursyourstheirs1.形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语,后面要跟名词。A 形容词性物主
6、代词与形容词一起修饰名词时,其顺序是:形容词性物主代词+形容词+名词。如: my new bike 我的新自行车 her young son 她年幼的儿子 B 形容词性物主代词所修饰的名词可以是单数,也可以是复数。如: my pen 我的钢笔 his books 他的书 C
7、形容词性物主代词不能单独使用,它后面必须跟名词,即在名词前作定语。 如: 这是我的钢笔. 误This pen is my. 正This is my pen. D 当名词前有形容词性物主代词修饰时,不能再用冠词a, an或the来修饰名词。 如: 那是我的自行车. 误That is my a bike. / That is a my
8、bike. 正That is my bike. E当名词前有形容词性物主代词修饰时,不能再用指示代词this, that, these或those来修饰名词。 如: 他们的电脑在这儿。 误Their those computers are here. 正Their computers are here. 2名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又说明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主语、宾语或者
9、表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。如: May I use your pen? Yours works better. 作主语I love my motherland as much as you love yours. 作表语我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。 I am writing with your pen,
10、 not with mine.作介词宾语3“of + 名词性物主代词称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面。如:A friend of mine came to see me yesterday. 试比较 My friend came to see me yesterday. 指我的那个特定的朋友来看我。知识点三反身代词【知识梳理】反身代词:表示谓语的动作与主语有关或者宾语补足语的动作与宾语有关。第一人称单数第二人称单数第三人称单数第一人称复数第二人称复数第三人称复数阳性阴性中性myself我自己yourself你自己himself他自己herself她自己its
11、elf它自己ourselves我们自己yourselves你们自己themselves 他们/她们/它们自己1、反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射指一个动作回到该动作执行者本身。如:Dont play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.2、在句子中作同位语表示强调即用来强调名词或代词的语气。如:The story itself is good. Only he didnt tell it well.The story itself is good. Only he didnt tell it well.【例题精讲】例1. Please tell _ a
12、bout it if _ doesnt know.A. her; herself B. she; she C. her; she D. hers; her 答案:C 第一个为tell的宾语用人称代词宾格,第二个为主语用人称代词主格。例2. _ office is much larger than _. A. Ours; yours B. Our; yours C. Their; your D. Your; theirs 答案:B 我们的办公室比你的办公室大,第一个为主格,第二个为名词性物主代词。知识点四指示代词【知识梳理】指示代词: 指示说明近处或者远处、上文或者下文、以前或者如今
13、的人或事物。表示“这个些、“那个些。常用的指示代词:单数复数含义this这个these这些指较近的人和物that那个those那些指较远的人和物such 这样的人/物指上文提过的人和物same 同样的人/物指和上文提过的一样的人和物it 这人/这物指不太清楚是谁或者是什么时1.为防止重复,可用 that 和 those 代替前面提到的名词。如: The playground of this school is bigger than that of
14、0;that school.that=the playground2.用来指上文提到的事情时,可用this 或 that,但是假设要指下文表达的事情,通常要用 this。如: She is a beautiful girl. Who said that? I want to know this: Is she beautiful? 我想知道这一点:她美吗?
15、;3 在打 时,通常用 this 指自己,用that指对方: Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗?4.除用作代词外,this 和that 还可用作副词,用以修饰形容词或副词,意为“这么、“那么,相当于 so。 如: I've done only that much. 我所做的就这么多。 Is he
16、60;always this busy? 他总这么忙吗? 知识点五连接代词【知识梳理】连接代词主要包who, whom, what, which, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever, whosever 等,它们在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语等但who, whom, whoever 等不用于名词前作定语,主要用于引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句等。 Ask him w
17、hich he wants. 问他要哪一个。 The question is who can help us. 问题是谁能帮助我们。 What he says sounds reasonable. 他说的话听起来有道理。知识点六互相代词【知识梳理】互相代词:表示互相关系的词叫互相代词。each other ,one another是互相代词,译成“互相,可以通用。each other表示两者之间,而one anther表示许多
18、人之间。它们有所有格形式each others ,one anothers。如: We must help each other when we are in trouble.我们身处困境时要互相帮助。 They sat there without talking to one another / each other.他们坐在那儿,互相都不说话。知识点七疑问代词【知识梳理】疑问代词:用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词。1.who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever主要用于特殊疑问句中,一般放在句首。口语中也常用who代替whom作宾语
19、,但在介词后那么只能用whom。如:Whom did you invite to your birthday party? / What does she want to be when she grows up?2.who 和whom只能独立使用,其中who可以作句子的主语、表语或动词的宾语,whom只能作谓语动词的宾语;而what、which、whose等既可以独立使用作主语、表语和宾语,也可以与名词构成疑问短语。如: Who is that man? / What colour are their hats? / Which car was made in Germany?被动句 注意这
20、个提问:The man in the car is my father.Which man is your father?3.which除了可以询问指代的情况之外,还可以针对说明人物的时间、地点、岁数、颜色、大小、状况等进展提问。如:People there live a very sad life.Which people live a sad life? / -Which hotel have you booked for your holiday?The biggest one in Haikou.4.疑问代词不分单复数,视它所替代的人或事物决定单复数,但是通常用单数;假如修饰名词,那么
21、以名词的单复数为准。如:Who is are in that playhouse? / What is that? / What are those? / What colours do they have?5. what与 which的用法区别:中选择的范围较明确时,用 which;中选择的范围不明确时,用 what。 如: Which color do you like, red, black or white? 红色、黑色和白色,你喜欢哪种
22、? What color is your car? 你的汽车是什么颜色的? 知识点八关系代词【知识梳理】关系代词指代的是先行词,在定语从句中做主语、宾语、表语等。作宾语时,口语中常省略;假如关系代词作介词的宾语且介词提到关系代词的前面时,关系代词不能省略。关系代词词 形所修饰的先行词在从句所做的成分who人主语、定语whom人宾语 which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语、表语as人、物或事主语、宾语whose人或物定语that的用法:指人或物,指人时可与who、whom互换,指物时可与that互换。在 从句
23、中可作主语、宾语,还可作表语。 如:It is a book that/which no one really likes. 注意:用who不用that的情况 1) 先行词是指人的不定代词时 例如:Congratulations to our winners and thanks to everyone who entered the
24、0;competitions. 2) 先行词指人并含有较长的后置定语或在被分割的定语从句中时 例如:The boy was crying hard who lost his way while looking for his mother. 3there be构造中 如:There is a young man who w
25、ants to see you. 4防止重复或引起歧义。 例如:The man that spoke at the meeting is our new headmaster who has just come from Shanghan. 5领先行词是I, you, he, they等时常用语谚语之中。
26、0; 例如:He who plays with fire gets burned. 6先行词如是指成员的集体名词,关系代词也用who。 例如:The family, who live upstairs, are fond of music. 7先行词如是拟人化名词,关系代词也可用who。 例如:You
27、 will see the worker ants,who gather food for themselves and for all the others. 8先行词指特定的人时,关系代词多用who,不指特定的人时多用that。 例如:The aunt who came to see us last
28、60;week is my fathers sister. People that have not been properly trained cant do this kind of work. 注意:在以下情况中,关系代词用that 1先行词为all, litt
29、le, few, none 及some-, any-, no-与thing所组成的复合单词时,只能用that。 例如:There is nothing that will stop us making progress. 2) 先行词前有only, some, any等形容词修饰时,只能用that。 如:Th
30、is is the only problem that we cant work out. 3) 先行词前由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时,只能用that。 如:This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 知识点九不定代词【知识梳理】不定代词:代替或修
31、饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词。单数含义someanynonone/eacheveryoneeither,neithersothe other,another复合不定代词不可数含义muchlittle,a littleall/复数含义manyfew,a fewonesbothothers,the others注:复合不定代词有12个:something某事, someone某人, somebody某人, anything任何事, anyone任何人, anybody任何人, nothing没事,nobody没有人, no one没有人, everything一切, everyone每个人,
32、 everybody每个人. 常考代词分类辨析1.some和 any 的用法: any和some既可与可数名词的单、复数名词搭配,也可与不可数名词搭配。Id like to buy some fruit.There arent any trees around the house.房子周围没有树。some一般用于肯定句中,意思是“几个、“一些、“某个作定语时可修饰可数名词或不可数名词。如:I have some work to do today. / They will go there some day. some 用于疑问句时,表建议、恳求或希望得到肯定答复。如:Would you lik
33、e some coffee with sugar?any 一般用于疑问句或否认句中,意思是“任何一些、“任何一个,作定语时可修饰可数或不可数名词。如:They didnt have any friends here. / Have you got any questions to ask?any 用于肯定句时,意思是“任何一个,后接可数名词单数形式any other 任何其他的一个,后接可数名词单数形式【例题精讲】 Bill is taller than _student in his class。 A. any B. any other C. anyone &
34、#160; D. one 答案: B 同一范围为any other.2. no和none的用法:no是形容词,只能作定语表示,意思是“没有,修饰可数名词单数或复数或不可数名词。如:There is no time left. Please hurry up. They had no reading books to lend.none只能独立使用,在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语,意思是“没有一个人或事物,表示复数或单数。如:None of them is/are in the classroomI have many books, but none is interest
35、ing. 【讲解】None其实就等于no+one区分none , no one 和 nothingA .no one 和nothing后不可加of 短语B. none与all相对,既能指物又可指人,作主语时谓语根据主语的详细指代可以采用复数或单数。no one只能指人,作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数。C. 在答复how many引起的问句中,表示没有人时用none。在答复who引起的问句时,表示没有人用no oneEg:- How many students in the class? None.D.四 单纯表示数量上的没有时要用none【例题精讲】1. We were all asleep a
36、 moment ago. _ of us heard the sound. A. Both B. All C. Neither D. None 答案:D 表三者以上的否认。2. The students all go to the PE class, _is in the classroom. A. None B everyone C Nothing D No one.答案:D 表没有人为 no one。3.all和both的用法:all指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词;也可用来代替或修饰不可数名词。both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词。all和both在句子中作主语、
37、宾语、表语、定语如:I know all of the four British students in their school. -Would you like this one or that one? Both.【例题精讲】1、 I have two friends. _ of them are at school.来 A. Both B. Neither C. Each D. All 答案:A 谓语动词用的是are,判断为both。2、I didnt know which book was better, so I took them _. A. all B. both C. non
38、e D. each答案:B 表两本书都要。4.every和each用法:every是形容词,只能作定语修饰单数名词,意思是“每一个,表示整体概念;each是形容词、代词,可用作主语、宾语、定语等,意思是“每个或者“各个,表示单个概念;each可以放在名词前,可以后跟of短语,与动词同时出现时要放在“be动词、助动词、情态动词之后或者行为动词之前every和each都用作单数理解,但是下文中既可以用单数的代词如he/him/his也可以用复数的代词如they/them/their替代。如:Every one of the students in his class studies very ha
39、rd.他班上每个学生学习都很用功 / They are very busy. Each of them has something to do.他们很忙,人人都有事干 5either和neither的用法:either意思是“两个中间的任何一个;neither是either的否认形式,意思是“两个都不。neither和either在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语等,都用作单数。如:I dont care much for what to drink. Either of the two will do. / -Will you go there by bus or by car? Neither.
40、 I will go there by train.讲解】neither其实就是no+either考虑: either or; neither nor;not only but also连接两个名词作主语时谓语动词用“就近原那么 ;bothand 连接两个名词做主语时,谓语动词用复数。 考察all, both,either,neither,none的用法及区别both,either和neither皆表示两者,可作主语、宾语和定语,both还可作同位语。表示“两者都用both,“两者都不用neither“两者中任意一个强调个体,用either。all和none表示三者或三者以上。all表示全部肯
41、定,而none表示全部否认。all可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语;none可作主语、宾语和同位语,但不能作定语。all作主语时,指人看作复数,指物看作单数;none作主语时,看作单复数皆可。both,all,none作主语同位语时,通常放在行为动词前面,be动词、助动词或情态动词的后面。all和both与not连用表示部分否认。【例题精讲】1.Which of the twin sisters is a doctor? 一_areA All B Both C Either DNeither答案B。解析此题考察代词的用法。either和neither用作代词时,往往表示单数,both和an用
42、作代词时,表示复数。答语中的系动词用are,所以C、D两项可以排除。both指两者,a11指三者或三者以上,the twin sisters是两个人,所以此题应选用both。2.-Which do you prefer, bananas or oranges?-_. I enjoy eating apples. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. All答案C。解析此题考察代词both,all,either,neither的区别。问句“香蕉和橙子你更喜欢哪个?答句中最后一句为“我喜欢吃苹果。由此推知,香蕉和橙子他都不喜欢,故用代词neither表示“两者都不。bot
43、h为“两者都,either意为“两者中的任一个,aIl指“三者或j者以上。3Liu Ying lives with her grandparents in the countryside because _of her parents work in the city. 成都市A. both B. either C. neither D. none答案A 。解析根据句意可知both两者都;either两者中一个;neither两者都不。4.When shall we meet again next time? _ day is all right. A. Any B. None C. Eith
44、er D. Neither 答案:A 表任何一天都行。6. one,that 和it的用法one表示泛指,指名称一样的另一物,或所提到的人或物中的一个。that和it 表示特指。that与所指名词为同类,但不是同一个,而it 与所指名词为同一个。 I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one. The hat
45、0;you bought is bigger than that I bought. I can't find my hat. I don' t know where I put it. 7.other, the other, another, others, the others的区别。用 法
46、60;代名词形容词单数复数单数复数不定another另一个others别人,其别人another boy另一个男孩other boys其他男孩特定the other另一个the others其余那些人、物the other boy另一个男孩the other boys其余那些男孩 other,another的用法 1. another=an other,别的、另一个,泛指众多中一个,一般后面接单数名词,前面不能加定冠词。 This book is too difficult for m
47、e. Will you please give me another one=another book? 这本书对我而言太难了,可以给我另一本吗? another是指许多书中的一本,作为定语 I dont like this one. Show me another.我不喜欢这个,给我看看另一个好吗? another作宾语 He got three books;one
48、 is a dictionary,another is a play,the third is a grammar. 他买了三本书,一本是字典,另一本是剧本,还有一本是语法书。 another作主语 有时another可以用在复数名词前译为“再、又。 You may stay for another ten days.你可以再住十天。 2. the other表示两个
49、中的一个,常与one连用。onethe other I have two pencils;one is red;andthe other is blue. 我有两支铅笔,一支是红的,另一支是蓝的。 There are only two books left. But I dont like this one. Will you pleas
50、e show me the other?只剩下二本书了。可我不喜欢这一本,请给我另一本好吗? 惯用词组 each other one another互相 one after another 一个接一个 the other day前几天 3. other+名词=others别的 Some ar
51、e listening to the radio,others are watching TV. 一些人在听播送,一些人在看电视。 Some students went to the Summer Palace. Other students=othersstayed at home last Sunday.上周日,一些同学去颐和园,一些同学还有同学呆在家里。4. the
52、60;other +名词=the others,译为其余的,相当于the rest .There are thirty students in our class. Twenty are girls. The other students=the othersare boys.我们班有三十个学生,二十名女孩,其余的都是男孩。 比较:Some of the pencils
53、0;are red. The others=the other pencilsare green. 有些铅笔是红的,其余的都是绿的。 Some of the pencils are red,others=other pencilsare green. 有些铅笔是红的,还有一些是绿的。 暗示可能还有些笔是别的颜色的:白色的、黄色的 【例题精讲】1.-Harbin is really a beautiful city and th
54、ere're many places of interest.-So it is Why not stay here for _two days?A. other B. others C. another D. the other答案C。解析考察代词的用法。 Other表法别的,其他的“单数;others复数,another表“另一个,另外一个, 从句意“为何不在这里再待两天?可知C正确。another表示“另一个。2.We had a Dicaic 1ast term and it was a lot of funso let's have _one this monthAt
55、he other BsomeCanother Dother答案:C解析:上句说“上学期我们举行了一次野餐并玩得很开心,下句想表达“这个月让我们再举行一次吧。表示“再一,又一用another,应选C。3.What a hot day! Have you had a drink?YesBut Id like to have _after work 江西Ait Bone Cother Danother答案:D解析:由Yes确定“我已经喝了,“但工作完后我想再喝一杯,只有another有“再一; 又一之意,应选D。4.In my class some students love music,are f
56、ond of drawing and _enjoy reading 南通Asome;the otherBothers;the otherCothers;the othersDsome;others答案:D解析:此题考察"somesomeothers句型。意为“一些,一些,另一些,句意为“我班里一些学生喜欢音乐,一些喜欢画画,还有的喜欢阅读,应选D。8many和much的用法:many后接可数名词复数 eg: many applesmuch 后接不可数名词 eg: much milk9few、little、a few、a little的用法:few、little意思是“很少几个、“几乎
57、没有,有否认的意思,a few、a little意思是“有几个、“有些,有肯定的意思 ;few、a few与可数名词连用或代替可数的事物, little、a little与不可数名词连用或代替不可数的事物。它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。如:He is very poor and he has little money. Dont worry. There is still a little time left.In that polar region there live few people. You can get a few sweets from him.【例题精讲】The film
58、 is not interesting. _ like it. A. Little B. A little C. Few D. A few 答案:C 指很少人喜欢,修饰可数名词用few。10.复合不定代词somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody等是由some ,any ,no ,every, 加上body, thing 构成的,叫做复合不定代词,在句子中当单数使用。somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中;anything, anybody,anyone一般用于疑问句
59、、否认句和条件状语从句中。修饰复合不定代词的定语,应放在它们的后面。如:Hey,Lily. There is someone outside the door. Did you meet anyone when you came to school last Sunday? He has nothing much to do today.【例题精讲】1. Is there _ in todays newspaper? A. something important B. important anything C. anything important D. important everythin
60、g 答案:A 不定代词修饰形容词放其前面。2. All of them have gone out. There is _ in the classroom. A. somebody B. anyone C. everybody D. nobody 答案:D 句意理解表示没有人在教室。 【课堂练习】1. My host family tried to cook _ for me when I studied in New Zealand.A. different something B. different anythingC. something different D. anything
61、different2. _ is waiting for at the gate. He wants to say thanks to you.A. Somebody B. Anybody C. Everybody D. Nobody3. -Morning, class. Is _ here? -No, sir. Tom is absent. A. anybody B. everybody C. nobody D. somebody 4. Tom speaks Chinese better than _ else in his class.A. no one B. anotherC. anyo
62、neD. the oneKEYS:CAAC11.so可以代替一件事情,作句子的宾语或表语。如: I dont think so. He lost a book. So did I.12.none、no one、nobody的区别:no one和nobody都表示“没有人,仅指人,后面不跟of 短语,作主语时谓语用单数形式;none表示“没有一个人/物,可指人也可以指物,后面可跟of短语,作主语时谓语可用单数也可用复数。如:No one knows how he managed to get the ticket. Nobody handed in his/their compositions yesterday. None of my friends came to see me that day.课后作业Choose the best answer. 根底版: 1.“Have _ try, you are so close to the answer, the teacher said to Eric. A. the other B. one another C. other D. another 2.N
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
最新文档
- 公司月末会活动策划方案
- 公司茶会活动方案
- 公司春游游戏活动方案
- 公司播放电影策划方案
- 公司组织境外团建活动方案
- 公司组织午间运动活动方案
- 公司竞走活动方案
- 公司联欢晚会策划方案
- 2025年游戏设计师职业资格考试试卷及答案
- 2025年智能制造工程师考试试卷及答案
- 2025年湖北省中考数学试卷
- 2025年陕西省中考数学真题含答案
- 能源站运营管理制度
- 2025年高考真题-化学(广东卷) 含答案
- 2025至2030中国成人用品行业产业运行态势及投资规划深度研究报告
- 竹制品企业可行性报告
- 公安院校公安学科专业招生政治考察表
- 广东省深圳市光明区2023-2024学年三年级下册期末考试数学试卷(含答案)
- 交通设计(Traffic Design)知到智慧树章节测试课后答案2024年秋同济大学
- 2025年日历表(A4版含农历可编辑)
- 2024年陕西省西安市中考地理试题卷(含答案逐题解析)
评论
0/150
提交评论