专题07必修4Unit1-Unit2高频词汇分类解读

1、2016英语艺体生百题突破专题系列之英语根据艺体生基础知识不牢固的特点，将基础知识以2-3个单元为一讲，突出常考单词的背诵和用法区别。由于单选题退出大部分省份的英语试卷，所以这部分重点强调学练结合。集中识记常考的完形填空词汇；常考的阅读中出现的词汇；常考的书面表达中的句型。完形词汇重在词语的详细意思和词汇辨析；阅读词汇重在记住词义即可，但数量要大；书面表达句型重在在句子中背诵，力争背过的句子在话题中有高频的出现几率。这样可以大面积、迅速地提高成绩。聚焦少而精的知识，直接对接高考。练习重在做到有的放矢，基础练习以单词拼写、单词填空或短文填空为主。能力提升一定要由浅入深，让他们有成就感，迅速进入状

2、态。句型复习采用翻译句子+背诵范文的方法。必修 4 Unitl Unit2词汇基础知识狂背：I?常考的完形填空词汇及短语：（注意它们在完形中岀现的儿率极高，完形30分志在必得，现在开始狂背。）（1）词汇1. behave vt.&vi.举止；举动；行为表现behaviour n?行为；表现behave on eself 守规矩behave well/badly （towards sb.）（对）态度/ 举止好 / 恶劣well-behaved adj表现好的badlybehaved adj 表 现差的be on on e's best behaviour 举止规矩2. obser

3、ve vt.&vi.观察；遵守；庆祝；评述，评论observatio n n.观察；观察力，（观察后发生的）议论，意见observe sb. do/doing sth.观察某人做/ （在做）某事observe the speed limit 遵守车速限制observe Christmas （National Day）庆祝圣诞节（国庆节）be un der observati on 受严密监视escape on e's observati on 避开某人的注意3. respect vt.&n.尊敬；尊重；敬意respectful adj.恭敬的；尊敬的；尊重人的；有礼貌的

4、respectable adj可敬的；有名望的；高尚的；值得尊敬的have/show respect for sb./sth.尊敬 / 敬重.in this respect 在这方面in all/many respects在各个/许多方面in respect of 关于.； 就. 而言with respect to 至于; 关于; 就 而言respect sb./sth. for sth.因某事而尊敬某人/某事4. argue vi争论；辩论 vt.争论；说服 argument n.争论；辩论argue with/against sb. on/about/over sth. 与某人争论某事 a

5、rgue against/for 为反对 / 为赞成 而辩论 argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做 / 不做某事 argue on.就 辩论argue that.辩论说 5. support n. &vt. 支持；拥护 in support of 支持; 赞成；拥护 support oneself 自立更生 support one's family 养家support one's suggestion赞同某人的建议 support one's opinion 支持某人的想法6. refer vi.谈到；查阅；参考refer

6、enee n.言及；提及；参考；查阅 refer to查阅；参考；谈到；指的是 refer to.as.把 称 作/ 看作in/with reference to = in conn ection with 关于 without reference to 与 无关，不管7. intend vt. 打算；计划 intention n. 打算; 计划intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事intend sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事 intend that.从句屮谓语 形式： （should） + do intend.as. = be intended as.打. 算

7、把 当做intend.for. = be intended for 为 打算或设计had intended that/to ended to have done原本打算做 .&deliver v.投递，发表，宣布，接生，生（小孩）（仅限于被动语态）deliver sth. （to sb.）投 递/ 传送某物（给某人） deliver a speech发表演说 be delivered of a ehild=give birth to a child 生孩 子 deliver sb./sth. over to sb.把.移交给某人deliver from 使摆脱9 - str

8、uggle vt.搏斗；斗争；努力；挣扎 n.斗争；挣扎struggle with/against 与 搏斗/ 斗争struggle for sth./to do sth. 努力 / 争取 struggle through 奋力通过struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来struggle on/along （虽艰难仍）继续做某事with a struggle 费劲地10 - expand vt.&vi.使变大；伸展；阐述expa nsio n n扩张；膨胀；扩大；发展expansive adj扩张性的；开展性的；广阔的expand into/to 使扩大 ，变

9、大expand on/upon 阐述，详谈12. therefore adv.（ = as a result of that）因 此；所以He was very tired and thereforehe fell sou nd asleep.=He was very tired. Therefore he fell sound asleep.=He was very tired, so he fell sou nd asleep 他累得很,因此睡得很熟。提示：therefore是副词，不能引导从句，两个句子Z间要用连词或者分号；而so是连词，可接从句。13 ? equip vt.&v

10、i.配备；装备equipment n. U 装备；设备equip sb./sth. with sth.用某物装备某人/物 equip sb./sth. for (doi ng) sth.为(做)某事而准备 sb. be equipped to do sth.某 人有准备做某事 equip sb. to do sth.使某人能够做某事 be equipped with sth.装备有某物 a piece of equipment 件设备14 - regret v. &n.遗憾；后悔；惋惜refuse with much regret (ma ny regrets)婉言拒绝 to one&

11、#39;s regret 令人遗憾的是 feel regretful for 对. 感到后悔express regret for/at/over sth. 对 表示遗憾regret+n./pron./doing/having done 后悔做某事 regret+that clause 后悔，遗憾regret to say/tell/inform. 很抱歉地说 / 告诉/通知 It's much to be regretted that. 令人遗憾的是 15 - focus n .(兴趣、活动等的 )中心；焦点v ?(使)集中，聚集； (使) 聚焦be in focus焦距对准；清晰be

12、 out of focus 焦距没对准；模糊bring sth. into focus 把某物集中在焦点上 focus sth. on (upon) sth.=fix.on使. 集中于 be focused on/upon sth. = be fixed on 集中于 16 - reduce vt.减少；缩减；简化 reduce one's expenditure 减少某人的开支 be reduced to despair 陷入绝望reduce to.降至 reduce by.减少了 17 ? comment vt.评论n.评论，意见，议论 ask for comment 征求意见ma

13、ke comme nts on sth.评论某事 No comme nt.无可奉告。Without comment. 不必多说。comme nt (v.) o n/up on sth.评论，对 发表意见 comment (v.) that clause评论.( 2 )短语1. look down upon/on 蔑视；轻视；瞧不起 look about 四下坏顾，四处寻找 look after 照顾；照料；目送；寻求 look for 寻找；期待 look forward to 盼望look on 观看；面向：旁观look over 从 上面看过去；察看look round 掉头看；环顾，观光

14、look through 透过 看去; 看穿; 审査look up 向上看；查阅2. come across尤指偶然）遇到；发现；想到；越过；产生效果提示: 表示"偶然遇见 "意思的常见短语还有 : meet with, happen to meet, chance to meet, meet.by chance/accident, run across, run into°3. carry on 继续；保持；经营；进行（生意、谈话等）carry onwith+sth.doing sth.继续做某事（相当于 go on with）carry off 赢得，获得（奖

15、品、荣誉等）carry out 实行，执行，进行，履行（诺言、义务等）4-thanks to 由于；多亏（介词短语，在句中做原因状语，常置于句首或句末）because of 因为；由于owing to 由于，因 之缘故as a result of作为 的结果，由于due to 因为，由于（不能放在句首）on account of由于;因为5 ? rid sb./oneself/sth. of sth.使 摆脱 be/get rid of 去掉，摆脱 ; 抛弃remi nd sb. of sth.提醒某人某事 inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事 be free of.摆脱 6 -

16、be satisfied with 对 感到满意be sa廿 sfiedthat.满意.be satisfied to do 乐意干 satisfy vt.满意；使满意satisfied adj.感到满意的satisfy ing adj.令人满意的satisfactory adj.令人满意的 satisfaction n.满意，满足7 - lead to 通向, 导致, 致使lead + n.+to sth引导 至U .lead sb. to do sth.使 某人做某事提示：（l）leadto【| i的to为介词，后面跟代词、名词或动名词。类似的词组还有：devote to致力于/pay a

17、ttention to 对 加以注意 /object to 反对/stick to 坚持/look forward to 期 望，等等。（2）lead to 不用被动语态。lead to是前因后果，而lie in （ = result from）是前果后因。8 - keep.free from/of 使 免受（影响、伤害等 ）使不含（有害物）free from没有免于无.Z忧free of 无 的；免于 的?离开了 的free sb./sth. from.使某人 / 某物自由 ; 解放；释放for free=free of charge 免费地 ? 无偿地be free to do sth 自

18、由地做某事be free with sb?对某人放肆free as the air自由自在set sb. free 释放某人(3) 易混易错点拨1. expa nd/extend/spread/stretch(1) expand “展开，扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。 extend “伸出，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的朝外延仲，也可指时间的 延 长。spread “伸开，传播"，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播 (疾病)，散布(信息)等。(4) stretch “伸展，拉长” ，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展 ，不是加长。(l) The cat

19、out in front of the fire. 猫在火炉前伸开四肢。(2) The hot weatherto October炎热的天气一直持续到十月份。(3) As childre n grow older they their interests and become more confide nt.随着年龄的增长，孩子们的兴趣会变广泛，人也会变得更自信。The fire soono the nearby buildings.火势不久就蔓延到邻近的建筑。2. worth/worthy/worthwhile(1) worth只做表语，表示"值钱，值得干”，后跟名词或动名词，不跟

20、不定式。worth常用 well 修饰,不用 very。The book is well worth reading这书值得一读。(2) worthy 意为“值得的”，除在书面语体屮用做定语外，一般用做表语。 be worthy 后常接 “ of+ 名词 / 动名词 ( 被动式 ) ”、不定式。The place is worthy to be visited/of being visited.这地方值得一游。(3) worthwhile 的常用句式为 It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth., it 是形式主语 , to do/doing 做 真正主语，即

21、：做某事是值得的。It is worthwhile visiting/to visit the place.参观那地方还是很值得的。用 worth, worthy 和 worthwhile 填空(1) Her achievements are of the highest praise.她的成就值得高度的赞扬。(2) Hangzhou is a beaut讦 ul place; it isgoing/to go there.杭州是个美丽的地方，值得一去。(3) The problem is to be considered.这个问题值得考虑。(4) The new bike is 350 Yu

22、an.这辆新自行车值 350 元。(5) He is a te a c h e r of great respect.他是位受尊敬的老师。(6) lt is to ask him to join the club.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。(7) The picture is t a k i n g good care of.这幅画值得好好保存。（8）The scheme is well a try.这个计划很值得一试。II?常考的阅读理解词汇及短语：（它们在阅读中出现的几率极高，阅读 40分志在必得，现在 开 始狂背哟。 ）Unit 1 achievement n. 成就；功绩 welfare

23、n. 福利；福利事业 project n. 项目；工程；规划 institute n. 学会；学院；协会 specialist n. 专家 ; 专业工作者 connection n. 连接；关系 human being 人类 campaign n. 运动； 战 役vi. 作战；参加运动 organization n. 组织；机构；团体 behave vt. & vi. 举动 ;（ 举止或行为 ） 表现behaviour （二behavior）行为； 举止；习性shade n. 荫；阴凉处 vt. 遮住光线move off 离开；起程；出发 worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做

24、的 nest n. 巢；窝bond n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带 observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守observation n. 观察；观测childhood n. 童年；幼年时代 outspoken adj. 直言的 ; 坦诚 respect vt. &门. 尊敬; 尊重；敬意 argue vt. &W讨?论；辩论；争论 argument n.争论；争辩；争吵 entertainment/?.款待； 娱乐； 娱 乐表演 lead a . life 过着 的生活 crowd n. 人群；观众vt. 挤满；使拥挤 crowd in （ 想法、问题等 ） 涌上心头；涌入脑海i

25、nspire vt. 鼓舞；激发；启示Ainspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞 support n. & 必 支持；拥护 look down upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起 refer vi. 谈到；查阅；参考refer to 查阅；参考；谈到 audience n. 观众；听众；读者 by chance 碰巧；凑巧come across （偶然）遇见；碰见A career n. 事业；生涯 rate n. 比率；速度 sicknessn. 疾病；恶心 intend vt. 计划；打算 emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况 generation 门 . 代；辈Adetermin

26、ation n. 决心；果断 kindnessn. 仁慈；好意 considerate adj. 考虑周到的 consideration n. 考虑；体谅 modest adj. 谦虚的；谦让的；适度的 Unit 2statistic n.（常用p/ statisitcs）数据；统计；统计数字；统计资料sun burnt adj.晒黑的struggle vt. & vi. 斗争；拼搏；努力decade n. 十年；十年期super adj. 特级的；超级的 output n. 产量；输岀 crop n. 庄稼；农作物；产量 hun ger/?.饥饿；欲望vt. & vi. （使

27、）饥饿disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的 ; 令人不安的 circulate vt. & vi. 循环；流传Vietnam n. 越南（东南亚国家） battle n. 战役；战斗；较量；斗争必& ”/. 搏斗- ；奋斗freedom n. 自市；自主therefore adj. 因为；所以；因而 equip vt. & vi. 配备；装备 grain n. 谷物；粮食；颗粒 export 必& 输出；出口 nationality n. 国籍occupation n. .T作；职业；占领 confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难chemical adj.化学

28、的；关于化学的 production n. 生产; 制造 bacteria n. （bacterium 的复数形式 ）细菌 pest n. 害虫；害兽；害鸟 build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发 nutrition n. 营养 ; 滋养；食物 mineral n. 矿物；矿石 discovery n. 发现；发觉 soil n. 土壤 reduce vt. 减少；减缩 keep . free from/of使 免受（影响；害等）；使不含（有害物）root n. 根；根源 skim vt. 浏览；略读 underline vt. 画底线标出 ； 强调 summary 门. 总结；摘要；概要 c

29、omment n. 非 F 论；议论vi. & vt. 表达意见 ； 作出评论111?重点句型背诵1. what 在从句中可用做主语、宾语或者表语。此从句在结构上相当于“the 名+ 词+定语从 句”? After a hard time they came to what is called America today艰难的努力后他们来到了现在称作美洲的地方。 We now live in what is called the In formation Age我们现在生活在所谓的信息时代。 He graduated from what was called a key high sc

30、hool他毕业于一-所所谓的重点高中。2. would rather(1) would rather 意为“宁愿，更愿意”，后接动词原形，否定式是在 would rather 后加 not/never 一 Shall we dine out?-I'd rather stay at home.一我们要不要出去吃饭？ 一我宁愿留在家里。 I'd rather not tell anybody about it. 我不愿把这事告诉任何人。(2) would rather do sth. than do sth./would do sth. rather than do sth. 意为

31、"宁愿做某事而不去 做某 I would rather listen to others than talk myself.我愿意听别人说，自己不愿意说° He would rather die than give in? 他宁死不屈。(3) would rather have done sth.意为“要是做过某事就好了；宁愿做过某事”？表示后悔或遗 憾I would rather have taken his advice yesterday我昨日要是听了 他的建议就好了。(4) would rather 后接 that 从句时，从句中的谓语动词用过去时态虚拟语气。 I

32、would rather (that) he did n't come.我宁愿他没来。 / d rather you told me the truth. 我更愿意你给我讲实话。3.only 的用法(1) only 在句首修饰做状语的副词或介词短语时，句子要倒装。(2) only 在句首修饰状语从句时，主句要用倒装语序，从句不用倒装语序。(3) only 在句首修饰句子的主语时，不用倒装语序。? Only the n did I realize the importa nee of comm uni cati on.只有至 U那时我才意识至 U交流的重要性。 Only in this

33、way can we improve our English只有以这种方法，我们才能提高英语水平。 Only after you have reached eighteen can you join the army只有当你年满十八周岁后，你才能参军。? Only he can answer the question只有他能回答这个问题。强调句型： It is/was +被强调成分 +that/who +其他部分4. 强调句型提示：(1)只能强调句屮的主语、宾语和状语，不能用该句式强调句子谓语。(2)如果强调两个以上的并列主语，该句式仍用is/was，不用are/wereo强调部分为表示“人”

34、的名词吋，可用who;其他情况则用thato(4) 强调 not.until 句型时，要将主句中的not起强调。即 It is/was notuntil.that.(5) ls/Was it+被强调成分+that.? ?为其一般疑问句形式。(6) 特殊疑问词 + is/was+it +被强调成分 + that.?为其特殊疑问句形式。 (刀强调句的特殊疑问句如果用于宾语从句中，该强调句式要用陈述语序。 It is I that/who am going for a holiday with Mary.是我要跟玛丽一块儿去度假。 Whe n is it that we will have a me

35、et in g?我 们什么吋候开会？ It was not until he took off his dark glasses that I realized he was a famous film star.直到他摘下墨镜我才认出他是位著名的影星 It was in this town that he was brought up. 他是在这个镇上被养大的。（强调句） It was this town where/in which he was brought up. 这是他被抚养反人的城镇。（定语从句）能力提升一一测一测I. 单词拼写1 ? Devoted to the cause o

36、f education all her life, she was r by all the people inher coun try.2 ? His first song was by the memory of his mother.3 ? The old man came in, with two young men his body.4 ? Swimming across the lake for the first time is a great a .5 ? There's ac between smoking and heart diseas?e6 ? Jane dev

37、oted herself to social （福利） work.7 ? They work in an art （学院） .8 - He is a （专家） in history.9 ? Do you know about the （组织）？10 ? They started a （运动） to stop people smoking?11 ? They asked so many questions that I got _c .12 ? Metals e when they are heated.13 ? The people there are fighting to gain the

38、ir f from foreign control.14 ? We are not doing a c experiment but a physical one.15 ? India e tea and cotton to many different countries.16 ? Now, people in the south grow a lot of rice that has a high （产量）?17 ? This kind of food con tains all the（营养） our body n eeds ?18 ? People in the area were g

39、round down by （ 饥饿） and poverty.19 ? They have sold up ten bottles of （ 矿泉） water in the after noon.20 ? We should make a （总结） of the results of the exam briefly.II?语法填空（重点训练题型）1? It is （meet） the customers' needs that has made chain stores so popular in big citiesin China.2. Let's learn to

40、use the problem we are facing a stepping-stone to future success.3. It's the first time that I （take） a train to Paris.4. Chinese folk music gave life to Mr. Liu and made him lead new life in his later years?5. Gun control is a subject which Americans have argued for a long time?6. When 丨 try to

41、 understand what that prevents so many Americans from being ashappy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two cause?s7. delighted me most was that my son was admitted to Beijing University?8. American artist Jeremy Telford made a room with balloons. He got the （inspire） fromBag End inLo

42、rd the Rings, which is a hole in the ground where a Hobbit lives in the film.9. Everybody knows smoking is harmful to health, but still so many people smoke. So our countryis planning to start a campaign smoking.10? They did not find it worthwhile (prepare) for the worst conditions they might meet.1

43、1. Sweet memories crowded as I looked at the pictures which were taken at the beachlast summer.12. On AIDS Day, the minister of Health Department demanded that the problems (refer) to be paid special attention to.13? If you come faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assists nt to reduc

44、ethe prices?14. After the supper, the experts went back to the meeting room to carry theirdiscussi on.15. They think the long tradition of looking down workers is still affecting careerchoices ?16.1 met one of my fomer teachers chance on the train.17. Suddenly, it hit me he was trying to ask me to m

45、arry him.18. Mary couldrft wait (arrive) home as soon as possib?le19. Km having some flowers(deliver) for her birthday.20. I (intend) come to the party last night, but I suddenly remembered I had homeworkto do.21. Fear is something you are born with? You can't rid yourself it completely but youc

46、an overcome certain fears under certain conditions?22. I'd rather Mary (give) us some advice on how to learn English well tomorrow?23. We take regular exercise to build our body?24? We put our books in the bookcase to keep them free dust.25. At your company there are a few machines similar to de

47、scribed in this magazine.26. In the past year, he (share) a flat with others and trying to save money to open hisown business?27. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third (be) usedregularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.28? is our belief that improvements in health care

48、will lead to a str on ger, moreprosperous economy.29. The in format! on you give in the applicati on is too gen eral. You should focussomething special about yourself.30. The committee asked for these suggestions to be put on paper, so that they mightstudy them further.31. To avoid (affect), the student insists that he should be separated from his deskmate,who is naughty?32? The discovery of new evidenee led to the thief (catch).33. The accident (cause) some damage to mycar, but it was nothing serious.34. The chairman thought necessary t