有机物命名试题及答案

1、试题库一：命名1.CH3(CH2)3CH(CH2)3CH3C(CH3)2ch2cH(CH3)2ClCH3ch3-C-ChCH3Ch(CH3)23CH3CH2C(CH2CH3)2CH2CH34CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)2CH3cH2、"CH2cH35. CH3cHicH(CH3)26. (CH3)4C7. (CH3)3CCH2Br8. (CH3)2CHCH2CH2CH(CH2CH3)29 .CH3CH2CH2CHCH2CH2CH3CH310 CH3cHeH2cHeH2BrC2H5CH311(CH3CH2)20cH2(CH3)2cHeH2cH=C(CH3)2CH3cH

2、2-C-CH2cH2cH3CHCH3CH3cH2、,CH3CH了C6cH2cH3egJC6H5，18 BrH*%ClJ人CH319 F'Cg20.CH2=CHC三CH2LCH3cH二CHC三CH22. (CH3)2C=CH-C三C-CH323. CH3cH(C2H5)C三CCH324. (CH3)3CC三C-(CH2)2-C(CHs)ci25.QC126.27.28.H3CH3C“CH(CH3)2OH1213141516.17.CH3©CH(CH3)229.CH2CH2CH330.Cl31.(CH3)2CH、_/C(CH3)3FCfHCH3cH2、"HCH/C6CH

3、2CH2CH3S03H32N02oh33.S03H02九334.CH3OH49.Br35.AIQCHMe2)336.CH3HO"CNCI37.CM3ICH=C-CHCH2CH338.CH3C=CHCH339.50.51.52.53.54.55.56.57.40.PcHsCH:358.41.59.HsCci42.QPh60.61.43.(CH3)2CHCHBrCH362.44.(CH3)3CCH2I63.45.46.<>CH20H65.47.OC'65.48.(CH3)2CHICHCI3CICH2cH2CH2=CHCH2clCH3cH=CHCICK3/CH2CH2O

4、HhJc6hCH3CHBrCH2OHCH3CHCH2CH2CHCH2CH3OHJOHCH3CHCH2CHCH311CH3CH3-C-CH2CH2OCH31OHC6H5cHeH2cHeH31JCH3oh尸3J_0HCH3OCH2CH2OCH3H2cCH-CH2CH3CH3(TCHCH3OH66.5OC2H567.68.OHgNO2TA_69.oNO2N0270.oi71. (CHs)2CHCHO72. CH2CH073. 广CH£H£H074H3LCH075. (CH3)2CHCOCH376. (CH3)2CHCOCH(CH3)277. (CH3)2C=CHCH078. CH

5、3coeH=CH2CH2=CHCH079. CHO180. d0CH3cIBrCH2cH2CHO81.CI3CCH2COCH2CH382.83. CH3CH2COCH2CHO,CH=CHCH085.(CH3)3CCHOS6.£>C0CH387co088. (CHs)2CHCOOH89. CH3cH=CHCOOH90. CH3CHBrCH2C00H91. CH3CH2CH2COCI92. (CH3CH2CH2CO)2O93. CH3cH2COOC2H594. CH3CH2COOCH395. CH3cH2cH20coe比96. HCOOCH2CH3COOH1 .OH97a98. c

6、y8KH2HH99,HOOCC二CCOOH,ccrTCOOCH3100COOCH3101. HC00CMe2102. CH3CH2CONHCH3103. NH2CONH2104. HOOCCOOH105HCOOH8106HOOCCH2CH2COOHH107HOOCC二CCOOH1080"C5.CH?109CH3CH2-C-CH3110CH3C0-111CH3CH2CHCH3112(CH3)2CHCH2113CH3cH=CH2-114CH2=CHCH2-115CH3-CH-C00HOH116CH3COCOOHUH2COUHIHO-CH-COOH117CH2C00H125CH3CH2NO

7、2126. CH3cH2cH2CN127. CHsCN128. H3c&Hn。129OrNHC2H5©HNC2H5JLJUCH3131©-N-CH3.CH3132H3c4N+2.一BrBr133NHCOCH3134CHsCONHBr135O2NNHNH2118119CH-COOHIICCOOHCH2COOHCOOH136H2NCH2(CH2)4CH2NH2137CHcCOOHHO-CHCOOH120iHO-CHCOOH121OHC-COOH138CH2CH2NH2严3C6H5cH2-NCl2H25122CH3coeH2coOH139BrCH3123CH3COCH2C

8、OOCH3MesNcHzCoH OH140124HO"CHCOOH.CH2COOH141COOH142143144145146147148149150151152153154155.156157(CH3)2CHCH2NH20+11-e3NCH2CH2OCCH3OH-CHCH2NHCH3HOHOOHH2N-C-NH2IINH、CH3CH2N(CH3)2(jbCHEHcNH?zXHH2N-CHCH2COOHOHOHC0COOHHHo£3HOOCCH(OH)CH(OH)EtsN158159.160161162163164165.166.167.168.169.170.171.17

9、2.173.Et2NHCH3C6H5CH2NC12H25TCH3CtC：QcH3BrCH3cH2CHCH2c.CH3HOCH2CH2SHBrHOOC,HC11c，HCOOHCH3CH2CH2CH2COCI(CH3)2CHCH2NH2HO3COOH%4cH3(Teo)20CH3CH2CH2SHH3CSO3HH3C"S03cH3CH2=CHCH2CONH2174.aNN NO2101750 012CH3176,N177CH3cH(C00CH3)2178Me4N-CI194195179CH3180CH3181CH3SCH2cH3182.91-cfO“0183_cu.0184CH3CH2N(

10、CH3)2185186187188HSCH2COOH189COCH2CH2CH2COOH190191Op2,C(CH2)5CClCl193.CH3COCH2CH2OCCH30196CH3cH2cH2cHe7OCH Cl3197(CH3)2CHCH2/CH2CH3cc CH3cx二、CHs198CH2CH=CH2CH3-cOHCH2cH=CH2199aCHCH=CH2CH3CH3cH=CHCHC老CH3200. rCH3CH3201. (CH3)3C-CH2-C-CH2CH3202.203.204.205.206.207.208.CH3209.CH3雪210.211212.CH3CH-CH2-C

11、H-CH3ClC2H5213.CH3-C-CH3CH2CH(C2H5)2214.CH2=CH-CH-CH2OHJCH3CH2-CH2225.226.227.228.229.230.HH3CCH3215.OHOC2H5216.231.217.CH3C毛CH(CH218.219.220.221.222.223.CH3CH2CHCHCHBrCl3)CH2C1COOHAc"232.CH3Br/_<NO2CH3Y沪OHNO2HOCNCH2Br233.CH=CH2H234.ch/CC一CH3CI235.Br236.237.工2也CH(CH3)2HcYhClCH3H十ClH+CIC2H5CO

12、OHHOHHO+HCOOHCH3HOHH+CH2OHCOOH224.CH 3239.CH3NH2- -C6H5241.242.243.238.240.1. 2,4,4-三甲基-5-丁壬烷命名答案:2. 3-氯-2,3,4-三甲基戊烷3. 3,3一二乙基戊烷4. 2,4一二甲基己烷5. 2-甲基-3,3一二乙基戊烷6. 2,2-二甲基丙烷（新戊烷）7. 1T臭-2,2-二甲基丙烷&2-甲基-5-乙基庚烷9 .4-异丙基-庚烷10 .1-滨-2,5-二甲基-庚烷11 .2-乙基-1-丁烯12 .2,5-二甲基-2-已烯13 .3-乙基-2-已烯14 .反-3,4-二甲基-3-已烯15 .Z

13、-2,4-二甲基-3-已烯16 .顺-2,2,5-三甲基-3-已烯17 .E-3-甲基-3-庚烯18 .Z-2-澳产-2-氯苯乙烯19 .1-氟T-氯-2-甲基T-丙烯20 .乙烯基乙快21 .3-戊烯-1-快22 .2甲基一2已烯一4一快23 .4-甲基-2-已快24 .2,2,7,7-四甲基-3-辛烯25 .1,1-二氯环庚烷26 .2,6-二甲基蔡27 .2-蔡酚（或B-蔡酚）28 .1-甲基-4-异丙基-1,4-环已29 .对异苯基甲苯30 .正丙苯31 .邻氯苯磺酸32 .邻硝基-对羟基苯磺酸33 .3,5-二硝基苯磺酸34 .3-羟基-4甲基苯甲酸35 .异丙醇铝36 .4-硝基-

14、2-氯甲苯37 .对鼠基苯酚38 .2,3-二甲基-1-苯基-1-戊烯39 .2-苯基-2-丁烯40 .顺-1,3-二甲基环戊烷41 .顺-1,2-二甲基1-环戊醇42 .反-2-苯基-1-氯环己烷43 .2-甲基-3溟丁烷44 .2,2-二甲基-1-碘丙烷45 .浪代环己烷46 .环已基甲醇47 .3-氯环已烯48 .对二氯苯49 .对二溟苯50 .2-碘丙烷51 .三氯甲烷52 .1,2-二氯乙烷53 .1-氯-2-丙烯54 .1-氯-1-丙烯55 .顺-1-羟基-3-戊烯56 .2-滨T-丙醇57 .2,5-庚二醇58 .2-羟基-4-甲基-己烷59 .2-甲基-4-甲氧基-2-丁醇60

15、 .4-苯基戊醇61 .反-2-甲基-环已醇62 .乙二醇二甲醛（或1,2-二甲氧基乙烷）63 .甲基环氧乙烷64 .1,2-环氧丁烷65 .间甲基苯酚66 .1-苯基-1-乙醇67 .苯乙醛1868 .4-硝基-1-蔡酚69 .1,5-二硝基蔡70 .1-硝基蔡71 .2-甲基丙醛72 .苯乙醛73 .3-苯基丙醛74 .对甲基苯甲醛75 .3-甲基-2-丁酮（或3-甲基T酮）76 .2,4-二甲基-3-戊酮（或2,4-二甲基戊酮）77 .3-甲基-2-烯-丁醛78 .3-丁烯-2-酮79 .丙烯醛80 .间甲氧基苯甲醛81 .pT臭代丙醛82 .1,1,1-三氯代-3-戊酮83 .3-戊酮

16、醛84 .肉桂醛（3-苯基-2-烯-丙醛）85 .三甲基乙醛86 .苯乙酮87 .二苯甲酮（或二苯酮）88 .2-甲基丙酸89 .丁烯酸（或巴豆酸）90 .37臭丁酸91 .丁酰氯92 .丁酸酎93 .丙酸乙酯94 .乙酸甲酯95 .乙酸丙酯96 .甲酸乙酯97 .邻竣基苯甲酸（水杨酸）98 .苯甲酰胺99 .顺丁烯二酸（马来酸）100 .邻苯二甲酸二甲酯101 .甲酸异丙酯102 .N-甲基丙酰胺103 .尿素104 .草酸105 .甲酸106 .丁二酸（琥珀酸）107 .富马酸（反丁烯二酸）108 .苯甲酰基109 .特戊基110 .乙酰基111 .仲丁基112 .丁基113 .丙烯基11

17、4 .烯丙基115 .乳酸116 .乙酰甲酸117 .柠檬酸（2-羟基-1,2,3-丙烷三竣酸）118 .顺乌头酸119 .草酰乙酸120 .酒石酸（2,3-二羟基丁二酸）121 .乙醛酸122 .乙酰乙酸123 .乙酰乙酸乙酯124 .2-羟基丁二酸125 .硝基乙烷126 .丁月青127 .乙月青128 .对亚硝基甲苯129 .N-乙基苯胺130 .N-甲基-N-乙基苯胺131 .N,N-二甲基苯胺132 .溟化对甲基重氮盐133 .N-邻溟苯乙酰胺134 .NT臭乙酰胺135 .对硝基苯肿136 .1,6-已二胺（或1,6-二氨基己烷）137 .丁二酰亚胺138 .多巴胺139 .溪化二

18、甲基苇基十二烷基镂140 .胆碱（氢氧化三甲基p-羟乙基镂）141 .异丁胺142 .乙酰胆碱143 .肾上腺素144 .M145 .二甲基乙胺146 .2-苯基乙胺147 .苦味酸148 .3,4二氯毗咯149 .p-氨基-p羟基丙酸150.四氢吠1151. 3-醛基环戊酮152. L丙氨酸153. 3-甲基口奎琳154. P-D葡萄糖155. 2,3-二羟基丁二酸156.对氯苯脱157.三乙胺158二乙胺（N-乙基乙胺）159 .澳化二甲基茉基十二烷基镂160 .161,邻苯二甲酸酎162.a冲基吠喃3-甲基戊酰浪2-羟基乙硫醇（或者疏基乙反丁烯二酸戊酰氯异丁胺对磺酸基苯甲酸2-甲基睡吩苯

19、甲酸酎丙硫醇对甲基苯磺酸对甲基苯磺酸甲酯3-烯丁酰胺瞰咤163. 醇）164.165.166.167.4-羟基-4-甲基-1,6庚二烯3-苯基-1-丁烯4-甲基-2-庚烯-5-快烽3, 5,5-三甲基-3-乙基已快苯乙焕节氯螺2,5-4-辛烯5-氯螺3,4辛烷44-二羟基联苯二环2,2,2辛烷7-甲基一环R211-2-210.2,7,7-三甲基二环2,2,1庚烷211.212.213.12-硝基毗噬4-甲基毗噬甲基214.215.丙二酸二甲酯氯化四甲镂2-甲基216.217.口比咯N-甲基毗咯甲乙硫酸丁烯二酸酎丁二酸酎N-甲基丙酰胺曝吩毗咯吠喃2-筑基乙酸苯甲酰氯4-苯甲酰丁酸庚二酰氯对氨基苯磺酰胺乙二醇二乙酸酯218.219.220. 221.222.223.224.225.226.227.228.229.230. 庚烯231.2