副词、连词(知识梳理)

1、.副词、连词真题再现副词部分：1. They gave money to the old people's home either _ or through their companies. A. legally B. sincerely C. personally D. deliberately2. Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was _ alive. A. steadily B.

2、 instantly C. formerly D. permanently3. The girl used to be shy, but is _ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself. A. gradually B. usually C. previously D. merely4. It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is another to play it well ourselves.A. quite B. v

3、ery C. rather D. much5. Ive been writing this report _ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.A. finally B. immediately C. occasionally D. certainly并列连词部分：1. He is a shy man, _he is not afraid of anything or anyone. A. so B. but C. or D. as2. Someone wants you on the phone. _ no

4、body knows I am here.A. although B. And C. But D. So3. _ the Internet is of great help, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.A. If B. While C. Because D. As4. In some places women are expected to earn money men work at home and raise their children. A. but B. while C.

5、because D. though5. John plays basketball well, _his favorite sport is badminton.A. so B. or C. yet D. for答案与解析：副词部分：1. C。此题考察的是副词的用法，A选项“法律上地；B选项“真诚地；C选项“个人地；D选项“成心地，根据语意选C。2. C。句意：就算我们很少理解食物来自于哪里，我们大多数人都明白，放在我们的口里的每一点食物在之前都是活着的。steadily意为“稳定地；instantly意为“立即地；formerly意为“先前地；permanently意为“永久地。根据句意及常

6、识不难得出答案，在吃入口中之前的都是活着的。3. A。句意：那个女孩过去很害羞，但如今在团队合作中逐渐变得积极起来，比以前更愿意表达自己的想法了。gradually 逐渐地；usually 通常，经常；previously 以前；merely 仅仅。应选A。4. A。考察副词的辨析。句意：“听音乐是一回事，但是演奏音乐完全是另一回事。 在第二句中another后省略了thing。Another是一个不分级的形容词，修饰不可分级的形容词如right，wrong，ready，full，empty，perfect，impossible，alone，unique 等时，通常只用 quite，此时qui

7、te 并不表示“相当或“很，而表示“完全。如：Youre quite right wrong。 你完全正确错了。quite another thing表示“完全不同、完全是另一回事。应选A项。5. C。考察副词结合语境的用法。前半句说话人“写报道用了进展时，再加上后半句是“明天必须上交，说明没有写完，因此不能是时间点标志的副词finally“最后；immediately “立即，而occasionally “偶尔，间或符合句意。D选项certainly“当然，是干扰选项不贴切句意。连词部分：1. B。根据选项判断此题考察连词，翻译前后两句的含义，应该是转折关系，用but。2. C。第二个人的话

8、承接第一个人的话表示转折。句意为：有人在 里找你！ 但是没有人知道我在这儿啊！3. B。句意为：尽管因特网是很有帮助的, 但我认为在网络上花费太多的时间不是个好主意。while引导让步状语从句, 意为 "尽管"。4. B。句意为：有些地方, 妇女被要求挣钱而男人在家里干活和养育孩子。从该句句意可知, 此题用while表示妇女与男人两种情况的比照。A项but表示转折, C项because表示原因, D项though表示让步, B项while表示并列。5. C。句意：约翰篮球打得好，然而羽毛球才是他最喜欢的运动。yet表示转折；so表示因果；or表示选择；for表示原因。语法讲

9、解副词部分副词的类别时间副词：now，then， today，tomorrow，ago，lately，soon，immediately，often，usually，early地点副词：outside，upstairs，anywhere，up，forward，here，there，away，in back，off方式副词：simply，quickly，happily，loudly，suddenly，luckily，again，once，easily，together程度副词：very，quite，rather，extremely，completely，widely，partly，perfectl

10、y，badly，too疑问副词：when，where，why，how关系副词：when，where，why连接副词：when，where，why，how其他：surely，certainly，really，however，therefore，perhaps，moreover，yes，no副词的句法功能副词修饰动词、形容词或副词，说明动作或状态的特征。作状语 作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。 Of all the boys he came the earliest. He worked in Beijing for almost twenty years. 修饰动词He plays tenn

11、is very badly. 修饰副词 作表语Sorry，Mr. Smith isnt in. He is out. Time is up.作定语通常后置On our way home，we saw a traffic accident.The building here is completed last year.作宾语补足语I saw you out with Mr. White yesterday morning.Truly I will attend your wedding ceremony.副词的位置1. 副词修饰形容词、副词时，应放在被修饰成分之前，但enough必须位于被修饰

12、的词之后。如：This book is quite interesting. The boy is old enough to go to school. 2. 频度副词always，often，usually，never，seldom，hardly，sometimes等要放在实义动词之前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。 Children often go to the park with their parents on Sundays. 3. 地点副词、时间副词、方式副词常位于句末。I remember seeing you somewhere. 4. 同时出现几个副词的排列顺序：方式副

13、词地点副词时间副词。Mr. Brown drove his car quickly outside then. 5. 修饰全句的副词多置于句首。这类副词有：significantly明显地，显著地，unluckily幸运地，merely仅仅, 只不过，certainly无疑地; 确定地；肯定地simply简单地; 仅仅; 只不过，fundamentally根底地；根本地；重要地，increasingly 日益，越来越多地；不断增加地；strangely 奇妙地；不可思议地；怪异地，apparently显然地；外表上，似乎，unfortunately等等。 Fortunately，he was

14、not drowned and was saved by the PLA men. 6. neither, never, seldom, hardly等否认半否认副词放在句首时，句子要部分倒装。Never will I go to the forest with you!兼有两种形式的副词有些副词有两种形式，其中一种形式与形容词形式一样，另一种是在形容词后加-ly。这两种形式的副词在意义上有所不同：不带-ly的副词往往表示的是详细概念也就是词的本义；加-ly的往往表示抽象概念也就是词的引申义。 close与closelyclose意思是“近；closely 意思是“仔细地He is sitti

15、ng close to me. Watch him closely. deep与deeplydeep意思是“深，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，“深深地。He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film. high与highlyhigh表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion. wide与widelywide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛

16、地，在许多地方。He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world. free与freelyfree的意思是“免费；freely 的意思是“无限制地。You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like. 形容词和副词做状语的区别：形容词作状语时表示伴随、原因等，或是对主语进展解释，可以看成是“being+形容词，位于句首、句中或句尾，表示伴随时通常用逗号与其他成分隔开。He lay in be

17、d, wide awake He went to bed, cold and hungry 副词主要用作状语，修饰动词、形容词、从句或整个句子。修饰整个句子时，可置于句首、句中或句尾。Fortunately, he escaped from the fireI like the bag very much. 几组副词辨析very, muchvery修饰形容词和副词的原级，much修饰形容词或副词的比较级；修饰动词用much或very much。very修饰被用作形容词的如今分词或过去分词。Im very tired. I need to have a good rest.We enjoyed

18、the trip very much.already, yet, stillalready表示某事已经发生；yet表示期待发生；still表示某事仍在进展。already和yet可以用于疑问句，但含义不同：yet= up to this moment; already = sooner than expectedHe had already left when I called.You have already finished it?He said he hadn't received a letter from her yet.The fish is still alive.pre

19、tty, prettilypretty作形容词意为“漂亮，作副词意为“很，非常；prettily意为“漂亮地。He seems pretty satisfied with the result.She decorated the room prettily.late, latelylate意思是“晚；lately 意思是“最近I stayed up late last night.Where have you been lately?rather, very, quite, fairlyquite可以修饰绝对意义上的形容词，如perfect, worry, right等，还可以修饰动词。rat

20、her常用来修饰贬义的形容词或副词，如bad，poor，badly等；fairly常用来修饰褒义的形容词或副词，如nice，well，clever等。 假如修饰中性的形容词或副词，如easy，fast，thin等，fairly表示肯定的概念，即说话人的态度是赞美的、满意的；而rather表示否认的概念，即说话人是不满意的。 只有rather可以修饰比较级或者too。quite放在a的前面；fairly放在a的后面；rather放在a的前面后面均可。Im quite sure you are right.I quite agree with what you said.We are having

21、 rather cold weather for June.His room is fairly tidy.His room is rather untidy.The house is rather bigger than we thought.These shoes are rather too small.rather/quite a nice daya rather/fairly nice daypossibly, probably, likely可能性最大的是probably；possibly与can/could搭配；probably与will/ would搭配。Could you p

22、ossibly lend me a million dollars?Would you probably lend me a million dollars?Its likely that he will come.He is likely to come.too much, much tootoo much后接不可数名词；much too后接形容词或副词。The bag is much too heavy.The bucket contains too much water.loud, aloud, loudlyloud强调“大声；aloud强调“出声；loudly强调大声得有点扰人。Spe

23、ak louder so that the people at the back can hear you.Read aloud instead of reading in silence.Dont speak loudly. The baby is sleeping.almost, nearly大部分情况下二者可以通用。almost可以和不定代词连用，nearly可以和数词搭配。He fell and almost/nearly broke his neck.He ate almost nothing.My son is nearly 7 years old.sometime, someti

24、mes, some time, some timessometime某个时间；sometimes有时；some time一段时间；some times几次，几倍Ill go and see you sometime next week.I sometimes go to see a film with my friends.He has waited for you for some time outside.everyday, every dayeveryday为形容词，每日的；every day为副词短语，每天I go to school every day.I enjoy everyda

25、y life. maybe, may bemaybe是副词，或许；may be为“情态动词+谓语构造。Maybe you are right.He may be waiting for you outside.“too.to.构造特殊用法 “too.to. 意为“太而不能，是一个否认的构造。但在下面的情况下却表示肯定的含义：当在该构造中的too或to前加上否认词not或never等时，表示肯定含义。“cannot/can never.too.to.为常见的用法，它可以与“cannot/can never./ enough to.进展转化。When crossing the street, yo

26、u can never be too careful/ careful enough. 当“too.to.构造中的副词too后接apt, ready, anxious, eager, glad, willing等形容词时，该构造表达肯定的含义。She is too willing to marry him. 她很愿意嫁给他。当too.to.构造中的副词too前面有all, but, only, quite等修饰时，该构造表达的也为肯定的含义。I am only too pleased to help you. 帮助您让我很快乐。常考的15个“长难副词1. moreover adv. 而且，再者

27、，此外，加之The price of the car is too high，and moreover it isnt in a suitable position. 2. therefore adv. 因此，所以He was busy; therefore he could not come. The new trains have more powerful engines and are therefore faster. 3. otherwise adv. 否那么，不然You must pay your taxes on time; otherwise, you will be pun

28、ished.4. meanwhile adv. 与此同时，在此期间Jane was painting the wall and meanwhile Pat was watching TV. 5. practically adv. 几乎，简直，差不多；实际上，事实上The holidays are practically over; there is only one day left. Practically，we have solved all these problems. 6. gradually adv. 逐渐地Things gradually improved. And gradua

29、lly their talk ceased; long silence followed. 7. actually adv. 实际上，事实上，说实在的Actually thats not quite right. He talks big but doesnt actually do anything. 8. approximately adv. 大约，大概The accident happened at approximately 5：30. These visits had continued regularly，approximately every third week. 9. gen

30、erally adv. 通常，一般，广泛地，普遍地Doctors generally work long hours. Generally he watches TV for two hours in the evening. 10. obviously adv. 明显地，显然He was obviously drunk. He found a young and beautiful girl, who kept shouting and crying, obviously mad. 11. however adv. 表示转折可是，然而My room is small; however, it

31、s comfortable. He said that it was so; he was mistaken, however. 12. extremely adv. 极其，非常I admire his courage extremely. I cant work because your radio is extremely loud. 13. narrowly adv. 勉强地，差点没He narrowly escaped being run over. He narrowly missed being seriously injured. 14. occasionally adv. 偶尔

32、，间或We only have dinner parties very occasionally these days. Its all right to borrow money occasionally，but dont let it become a habit. 15. eventually adv. 最后，终于He worked so hard that eventually he made himself ill. We waited three days for the letter and eventually it came. 并列连词部分：连词包括并列连词和附属连词，前者连

33、接并列的句子，后者连接各种从句，他们的用法在从句中讲解分类表示递进关系：and, not only.but also., neither.nor., not.but.表示选择关系：or, either.or., otherwise表示转折关系：but, yet, whereas, while等表示因果关系：so, forwhen可以用作并列连词，意为“那时，这时，相当于and at that/this time。常用于以下句式：Somebody was doing something when.Somebody was about to do/was going to do/was on th

34、e point of doing something when.Somebody had just done something when.and和orand表示顺承，和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件；or用于选择时意为“或者，用于选择时意为“即，用于祈使句中意为“否那么。both. and. 和都，既又，连接并列成分做主语时谓语动词用复数。 I spoke to both the director and her secretary. 连接并列名词 Shes both pretty and clever. 连接并列的形容词 She both dances and sings. 连接并列动词not only.but also. not only.but also.不但而且，应连接两个相对称的并列成分。not only but also 连接两个分句，并且 not only 位于句首时，第一个分句中