2011年职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案

1、2011年职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案第1 部分：词汇选项（第1-15 题，每题1 分，共15 分）下面每个句子中均有1 个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1 个意义最为接近的选项。1. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives.A. effort B. problem C. influence D.concern2. She always finds fault with everything,A criticizes B simplifies C evaluates D examines3.We nee

2、d to extract the relevant financial data.A store B save C review D obtain4.We have to act within the existing legal framework.A limit B system C procedure D status5.They converted the spare bedroom into an office.A reduced B turned C moved D reformed6. Anderson left the table，remarking that he had s

3、ome work to do .A doubting B thinkingC saying D knowing7. Mr.Henley has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year.A.held B.expect C offered. D increased8.His shoes were shined to perfection.A .cleared B polished C washed D mended9. We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.A

4、.offered B included C accepted D investigated10.At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.A give B understand C attach D lose11.The view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular.A general B traditional Cmagnificent Dstrong12.Marsha confessed that she knew no

5、thing of computer.A reported B admitted C hoped Danswered13.The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A relative B general C continuous D sharp14. Jane said that she couldnt tolerate the long hours.A spend B take C last D stand15.The police believ

6、e the motive for the murder was money. （红色部分单词待定，不影响答案）A reason Bchoice C idea D decision 第2 部分：阅读判断 （第16-22 题，每题1 分，共7 分）下面的短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没 有提及，请选择C。Lakes, Too, Feel Global WarmingTheres no doubt: In the last few decades, the average temp

7、erature on Earth has been higher than its been in hundreds of years. Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of global warming and trying to figure out what to do about it.Scientists recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world, and they found tha

8、t lakes are heating up.Between 1985 and 2009,satellites recordedthe nighttime temperatures of the surfaces of 167 lakes. During those 24 years, the lakes got warmer by an average of about 0.045 degree Celsius per year.In some places, lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year

9、. At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius, or 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit, in just 10 years. That difference may seem small you might not even notice it in your bathtub. But in a lake, slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae, and algae can make the lake poisonous to fish.The sci

10、entists who did the study work for NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory at the California Institute of TechnologyinPasadena.Theyreportthatlakesseem to bewarming faster in the northern parts of the Northern Hemisphere. In the United States, lakes in the southwestern part of the country warmed faster than

11、did the Great Lakes in the north.The study shows that in some regions, lakes are warming faster than the air around them. This is important because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how the Earth is warming. By using lake temperatures as well, scientists can get a better

12、picture of global warming.The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.Thats going to be useful, since no country is too big or too small to ignore climate change. Scientists arent the only ones concerned. Everyone who lives on E

13、arth is going to be affected by therapidwarming of the planet.Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it, especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse gases we put into the air.Thats why the United Nations started the Framework Convention on Climate Change, or UNFCCC. Ev

14、ery year the convention meets, and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.16.Scientist have been keeping records of lake temperatures for over 30 years.A) RightB) WrongC) Not mentioned17.Th

15、e temperatures of lakes around the world have increased greatly between 1985 and 2009.A) RightB) WrongC) Not mentioned18.Lakes seem to be warming faster in Asia.A) RightB) WrongC) Not mentioned19. A slight temperature increase in a lake could be harmful to fish.A) RightB) WrongC) Not mentioned20. Sc

16、ientists generally focus on air temperatures when studying global warming.A) RightB) WrongC) Not mentioned21. Globle warming is less threatening to small countries.A) RightB) WrongC) Not mentioned22. UNFCCCs annual meeting will be held in Mexico this year.A) RightB) WrongC) Not mentioned第3 部分：概括大意与完

17、成句子 （第23-30 题，每题1 分，共8 分）下面的短文后有2 项测试任务：（1）第23-26 题要求从所给的6 个选项中为第14 段每段选择1 个最佳标题；（2）第2730 题要求从所给的6 个选项中为每个句子确定1 个最佳选项。The ipad1.The iPad is a tablet computer designed, developed and marketed by Apple primarily as a platform foraudio-visual media including books,periodicals,movies,music,games,and web

18、 content. At about 1.5 pounds (680 grams), its size and weight fall between those of contemporary smartphones and laptop computers. Apple released the iPad in April 2010, and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days.2.The iPad runs the same operating system as the iPod Touch and iPhoneand can run it

19、s own applications as well as iPhone applications. Without modification, and with the exception of web applications, it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its online store.3 .Like iPhone and iPod Touch,the iPad is controlled by a multitouch displaya departure from most prev

20、ious tablet computers, which used a pressure-triggered stylusas well as a virtual onscreen keyboard in lieu of a physical keyboard. The iPad uses a Wi-Fi data connection to browse the Internet, load and stream media, and install software. Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection which can

21、 connect to HSPA data networks. The device is managed and synced by iTunes on a personal computer via USB cable.4.An ipad has different features and applications one can use to execute different and interesting things. There anr lots of ipad applications that the owner can use to enhance the way the

22、y communicate.Some of these are how to use social networking sites and other online options.One of the most common uses is for e-mail services.ipad applications lide Markdown Mail allow the adoption of specifie and particular options.They enable the owner to personalize their email accounts.5.While

23、the ipad is mostly used by consumers it also has been taken up by business users.Some companies are adopting ipads in their business offices by distributing or making available ipads to employees.Examples of uses in the workplace include lawyers responding to clients,medical professionals accessing

24、health records during patient exams,and managers approving employee reauests.Asurvey by Frost & Sullivan shows that ipad usage in workplaces is linked to the goals of increased employee productivity, reduced paperwork, and increased revenue.23. paragraph 224. paragraph 325. paragraph 426. paragr

25、aph 5A. Difference from iPhone.B. Operating System.C. Online Stores.D. Feature and Application.E. Business Usage.F. Display and Data Connection.27In April 2010 the ipad developed by Apple was28The ipad will only run programs approved by Apple if not29Ipad applications enable the owners email account

26、s to be30Ipad usage in office enables employee productivity to beA. increasedB. releasedC. modifiedD. distributedE. browsedF.personalized Longer Lives for Wild Elephants(B级)Most people think of zoos as safe places for animals, where straggles such as difficulty finding food and avoiding predators do

27、n't exist. Without such problems, animals in zoos should live to a ripe old age1.But that may not be true for2 the largest land animals on Earth. Scientists have known that elephants in zoos often suffer from poor health. They develop diseases. joint problems and behavior changes. Sometimes, the

28、y even become infertile, or unable to have babies.To learn more about how captivity affects elephants, a team of international scientists compared the life spans of female elephants born in zoos with female elephants living outdoors in their native lands. Zoos keep detailed records of all the animal

29、s in their care, documenting factors such as birth dates, illnesses, weight and death. These records made it possible for the researchers to analyze 40 years of data on 800 African and Asian elephants in zoos across Europe. The scientists compared the life spans of the zoo-born elephants with the li

30、fe spans of thousands of female wild elephants in Africa and Asian elephants that work in logging camps3, over approximately the same time period.The team found that female African elephants born in zoos lived an average of 16.9 years. Their wild counterparts who died of natural causes lived an aver

31、age of 56 years more than three times as long. Female Asian elephants followed a similar pattern. In zoos, they lived 18.9 years, while those in the logging camps lived 41.7 years.Scientists don't yet know why wild elephants seem to fare so much better than their zoo-raised counterparts. Georgia

32、 Mason, a biologist at the University of Guelph in Canada who led the study, thinks stress and obesity may be to blame4. Zoo elephants don't get the same kind of exercise they would in the wild, and most are very fat. Elephant social lives are also much different in zoos than in the wild. where

33、they live in large herds and family groups.Another finding from the study showed that Asian elephants born in zoos were more likely to die early than Asian elephants captured in the wild and brought to zoos. Mason suggests stress in the mothers in zoos might cause them to have babies that are less l

34、ikely to survive.The study raises some questions about acquiring more elephants to keep in zoos. While some threatened and endangered species living in zoos reproduce successfully and maintain healthy populations, that doesn't appear to be the case with elephants. "Currently, zoos are net c

35、onsumers of elephants ,not net producers." Mason says.1. According to the first two paragraphs, unlike other zoo animals, zoo elephants根据前面2段，和其它动物不同， 动物园的大象_A. have difficulty eating food.吃东西有困难。B. live to a ripe old age.能过活到高龄。C. are not afraid of predators.不害怕食肉捕食者。D. develop health problems

36、. 面临一些健康问题。(正确答案)2. Which of the following about the international scientists' research on the life spans of elephants is NOT true? (See paragraph 3)? 国际科学家对于大象的生命周期的研究，_是不对的?A. They compared zoo elephants with wild elephants.他们把动物园的大象和野生大象作比较。B. They kept detailed records of all the elephants i

37、n their care. 他们保留了饲养大象的详细记录。(正确答案)C. They analyzed the records of the elephants kept in zoos.他们分析动物园里的大象的生活记录。D. The zoo-born elephants they studied are kept in European zoos.他们研究的动物园出生的大象在欧洲动物园饲养。3. What do the scientist find in their research? 科学家们在他们的研究中发现了_。A. Female elephants live longer than

38、male elephants.雌象比雄象活得更长。B. Female zoo elephants live longer than their wild counterparts.动物园雌象比野生的活得更长。C. Female zoo elephants die much earlier than their wild counterparts. 动物园雌象比起它们的野生的同伴来说要死得早。(正确答案)D. Elephants in zoos and those in the wild enjoy the same long life spans.动物园大象和野生大象有一样的寿命。4. Wha

39、t are the possible causes of stress and obesity Zoo-raised elephants generally suffer from? 动物园中饲养的大象遭受压力和肥胖的可能的原因是_。A. They do not like living in herds.它们不喜欢在畜群中生活。B. They do not get enough exercise.它们没有得到充分的锻炼。C. They do not live with their families.它们没有和它们的家人一起生活。D. Both B and C. B 和C都对。(正确答案)5.

40、Which of the following does the author suggest in the last paragraph? 在最后一段，作者暗示了_。A. It may not be a wise policy to keep elephants in the zoo. 把动物养在动物园里是不明智的做法。(正确答案)B. Elephants are no longer an endangered species.大象不再是濒临灭绝的物种。C. Zoo-born elephants should be looked after more carefully.照顾动物园里出生的大象

41、应该更仔细。D. Zoos should keep more animals except elephants.除了大象，动物园里应该饲养其他更多的动物。6. Do scientists know why wild elephants seem to fare so much better than their zoo-raised counterparts.? 科学家是否清楚野生大象比动物园大象更好的原因?A.uncertain不确定(正确答案)B.positive 明确的、肯定的C.clear清楚的D.biased片面的 第5 部分：补全短文（第46-50 题，每题2 分，共10 分）下面

42、的短文有5 处空白，短文后有6 个句子，其中5 个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。Flying into HistoryWhenyou turn on the television or read a magazine, celebrites （名人）are everywhere. Although fame and the media play such major roles in our lives today, it has not always been that way. _(46) Manyhistorians agree that Charles

43、Lindberghwas one of the first major celebrities, or superstars.Lindbergh was born in Detroit, Michigan, in1902, but he grew up in Little Falls, Minnescta. As a child, he was very interested in how things worked, so when he reached college, he pursued a of flying captured Lindberghs degree in enginee

44、ring. At the age of 20, however, the allure（诱惑） imagination. _(47) Soon after, Lindbergh bought his own plane and traveled across the nation performing aerial stunts（空中特技）.In 1924, Lindbergh became more serious about flying. He joined the United States military and graduated first in his pilot class

45、. _(48) During the same time, a wealthy hotel owner named Raymond Orteig was offering a generous award to the first pilot who could fly nonstop from New York City to Paris, France. The Orteig Prize was worth $25,000a large amount even by todays standards.Lindbergh knew he had the skills to complete

46、the flight, but not just any plane was capable of flying that far for that long. _(49) On may 20, 1927, Charles Lindbergh took off from Roosevelt Field in New York City and arrived the next day at an airstrip（简易机场）outside Paris. Named in honor of the sponsor. The Spirit of St. Louis carried Lindberg

47、h across the Atlantic Ocean and into the record books. He became a national hero and a huge celebrity. When he returned to the United States, Lindbergh rode in a ticker-tape（热烈的）parade held to celebrate his accomplishment. _(50) A very popular dance was even named for Charles Lindberghthe Lindy Hop.

48、Today, The Spirit of St.Louis is pt at the Smithsonian Institutes National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C.A.He has received a Medal of M, the f United States military decoration.B.Eighty years ago, radio and movies were just beginning to have that kind of effect on AC.Working with an aviati

49、on company from San Diego, and with financial help from the city ofSt.Louis, Lindbergh get a customized （定制的）airplane that could make the journey.D.Lindbergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot,flying out of St. Louis, Missouri.E. He quit school and moved to Nebraska where

50、 he learned to be a pilot.F. His childhood was not full of fond memories.Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in teens(B级)While some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to “self-medicate” against the blues, scientists at the University of Toronto and the University of Montreal have found that smoki

51、ng may actually _1_ depressive symptoms in some teens.“This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived _2_ benefits of smoking among teens,” says lead researcher Michael Chaiton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto. “_3_ cigarett

52、es may appear to have self-medicating effects or to _4_ mood, in the long term we found that teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms.”As part of the study, some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires about their use of cigarettes to _5_ mood. Secondary sch

53、ools were selected to provide a mix of French and English participants, urban and rural schools, and schools _6_ in high, moderate and low socioeconomic neighborhoods.Participants were _7_ three groups: never smokers; smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate, improve mood or physical _8_;

54、 smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate. Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how often participants felt too tired to do things; had _9_ going to sleep or staying asleep; felt unhappy, sad, or depressed; felt _10_ about the future; felt vexed, antsy or tense; and worried

55、 too much about things.“Smokers who _11_ cigarettes as mood improvers had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms than teens who had never smoked,” says co-researcher Jennifer OLoughlin, a professor at the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine. “Our study found tha

56、t teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are at higher risk of _12_ depressive symptoms.”The _13_ between depression and smoking exits principally among teens that use cigarettes to _14_. “Its _15_ to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher among teenagers who reporte

57、d emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke,” says Dr. Chaiton.1. A examine B increase C decrease D diagnose2. A social B financial C emotional D political3. A Whatever B Although C Whenever D SWhat4. A improve B increase C decrease D help5. A affecting B cause C effect D affect6. A exposed B expanded C located D detected7. A divided in