高考英语专题之动名词

1、.动名词语法图解探究发现Playing with fire is dangerous.It is no good learning a theory without practice.Others try to create advertisements that people simply enjoy looking at.The classic advertisement is one that gives information about finding certain products. . a lot of money is spending on applying modern

2、techniques of design to make these advertisements as visually attractive as possible.His hobby is watching football games.For example, it could be “Shanghai Sewing Machine .我的发现1句和句均为动名词作主语，只不过句先用it作形式主语，真正主语动名词短语后置。2句、句和句均是动名词作宾语，句中动名词作动词宾语，句和句中动名词作介词宾语。3句中动名词作表语；句中动名词作定语，说明被修饰名词的用处。一、动名词的定义动名词是动词的

3、另一种非谓语形式。动名词具有名词和动词的特征。二、动名词的根本形式动名词由动词原形加词尾­ing构成，与如今分词形式一样。动名词具有时态和语态的变化，现以learn为例列表如下：主动语态被动语态一般式learningbeing learned完成式having learnedhaving been learned 1.动名词的一般式。构造：主动用doing；被动用being done动名词的一般式可以表示没有时间先后的动作，即没有明确过去、如今或将来的动作；也可以表示发生在谓语动词之前的动作；有时还可指发生在谓语动词之后的动作。Going to bed early and risin

4、g early is a good habit.早睡早起是个好习惯。没有明确的时间I dont remember ever meeting you somewhere.我不记得原来在什么地方见过你。发生在谓语动词之前Doctors advise giving up smoking.医生建议戒烟。发生在谓语动词之后2动名词的完成式：表示动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。构造：主动用having done；被动用having been doneThe old man thanked me for having helped him find his relatives house.那位老人感谢我帮

5、他找到亲戚的家。I dont remember having ever been given a chance to do it.我不记得曾被给予做这件事的时机。3动名词的否认式：由“not动名词构成。She regretted not listening to you, which caused this mistake.她懊悔没有听你的话，导致了这一错误。His not having done his homework made his teacher very angry.他没有完成作业使老师很生气。即时演练1完成句子_ can help you improve your learnin

6、g effectively.养成良好的学习习惯能帮助你有效地改进你的学习。_ when they heard the funny story.听到这个滑稽的故事，孩子们忍不住笑了。Thank you for _.谢谢你给了我这么多的帮助。She regretted _.她懊悔没看那个电影。No one _ in public.没有人喜欢当众被嘲笑。三、动名词的句法功能动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。1作主语Reading aloud is a good way in learning a language.大声朗读是学习语言的一个好方法。Working in t

7、hese conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer.在这种条件下工作不是愉快而是痛苦。课堂点津1在It is no use/no good/useless/worthwhile/a waste of time/fun doing sth.句型中，用it作形式主语，后面的动名词作真正的主语。Its no use complaining without taking any action.不采取行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。It is a waste of time talking about such useless things.议论这些没用的事情是在浪费

8、时间。2动名词作主语泛指经常性的动作，而不定式多表示特指的、一次性的、详细的动作。Being invited to the palace ball made her excited.被邀请参加宫廷舞会使得她非常兴奋。To be invited to the palace ball would be exciting.受邀参加这次宫廷舞会将是令人兴奋的事。3单个动名词作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式。Planting many trees is very good for our environment.植树对我们的环境非常有好处。即时演练2单句语法填空安徽高考改编_ Ignore the dif

9、ference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.湖南高考改编_ understand your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.福建高考改编_ know basic first­aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergenci

10、es.As far as Im concerned, its no good _ argue with him.Making friends _ play an important part in our life.2作宾语1作动词宾语They advise solving the problem in this way.他们建议用这种方法解决这个问题。Would you mind opening the window?翻开窗子你介意吗？2有些动词或词组后跟动名词或不定式都可以，但意思不同。常见的有：meanforgetregrettrygo onrememberI remember bein

11、g taken to the Summer Palace today.今天我还记得被带去颐和园的情景。已去过Please remember to come and play with me again someday.请记住以后有时间再来玩。还没来How I regret not accepting his suggestions.我多么懊悔没有承受他的建议呀。I regret to tell you that you failed.很遗憾告诉你，你失败了。3以下动词可接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。need/want/require/deserve doingneed

12、/want/require/deserve to be doneThe bike needs repairing.The bike needs to be repaired.这辆自行车需要修一下。即时演练3单句语法填空江西高考改编When it comes to _speak in public, no one can match him.陕西高考改编Its quite hot today. Do you feel like _ go for a swim?浙江高考改编_ hear how others react to the book you have just read creates

13、an added pleasure.That would mean _ waste a lot of labour.Really? I dont mean _ waste any labour.The young trees we planted last week require _ look after with great care.I dont mind _ travel by bus, but I hate _ stand in queues.We cant imagine her _ succeed in the entrance examination, for she has

14、never been to school.He is looking forward to _ spend his holiday in Britain.3作表语动名词作表语通常是对主语进展说明、解释。这时主语和表语位置可以互换。My job is looking after the children.Looking after the children is my job.我的工作是看这些孩子。课堂点津如今分词作表语相当于形容词的功能，说明主语的性质、特征，主语和宾语的位置不可互换。 即时演练4完成句子What I hate most is _.我最恨的就是被别人嘲笑。Your task i

15、s _.你的任务就是擦窗户。Our goal is _ in the near future.我们的目的是在不久的将来实现四个现代化modernization4作定语动名词作定语一般表示所修饰名词的用处或性能。There is a large swimming pool in the garden. the pool for swimming花园里边有一个大的游泳池。The writing table is made of expensive wood. The table for writing这张写字台是贵重木材做的。课堂点津动名词作定语通常表示它所修饰的名词的用处或性能，与所修饰的名词之

16、间不存在逻辑上的主谓关系；如今分词作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。China is a developing country. 相当于a country which is developing中国是一个开展中国家。即时演练5单句语法填空全国大纲卷改编Today there are more airplanes _ carry more people than ever before in the skies.山东高考改编Theres a note pinned to the door _ say when the shop will open again.山东高考改编The r

17、oom is empty except for a book­shelf _ stand in one corner.四、动名词的复合构造假如动名词有自己的逻辑主语，这便构成了动名词的复合构造。其逻辑主语一般由物主代词、名词所有格、人称代词的宾格或名词的通格来充当。在口语中，物主代词和名词所有格可分别由人称代词的宾格和名词的通格代替。Do you mind my/me opening the door?我翻开门你介意吗？I cant imagine Marys/Mary marrying such a man.我无法想象玛丽竟然嫁给了这么一个人。课堂点津当动名词的复合构造作主语时，其

18、逻辑主语只用所有格或物主代词表示。The students knowing English well will help them to learn French.学生学好英语对学习法语有帮助。即时演练6完成句子_ made the teacher angry.玛丽的迟到使老师很生气。My worry is _.我担忧的是你改变主意。Would you mind _?我在此吸烟你介意吗？Do you hear the sound of _?你听见开门声了吗？.单句语法填空1The manager meant _ tell the workers that being 5 minutes lat

19、e meant _ leave the company.2China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from _ attack in the South China Sea.3Can you imagine yourself _ stay in a lonely island?4It is no good _ try to remember grammatical rules. You need to practise what y

20、ou have learned.5We suggested _ sleep in hotels but the children were anxious _ camp out.6Do you feel like _ go out or would you rather have dinner at home?7While this matter is well worth _,_it doesnt need _.do8The robber tried every means, but couldnt escape _ catch by the policemen finally.9The l

21、ady insisted that the young man _ steal her wallet and insisted on _ send him to the police station at once.10More and more old people go to the universities for the aged in order to avoid _ cut off from the outside world.11The man denied _ steal anything in the supermarket when he was questioned by

22、 the police.12It was _ play games that cost the boy a lot of time that should have been spent on study.单句写作1北京高考写作一标准范文Hope to _ 在训练营遇到你 this summer.2陕西高考标准范文Successfully，I have _ 向她伸出了援助之手 in several English activities of my class, which have been appreciated by both teachers and my classmates.3浙江高

23、考总分值作文For example, once most of my classmates made a suggestion that we go outing at the weekend，but I thought _ 帮助养老院里的老人 would be more meaningful.4浙江高考总分值作文Sometimes _ 放弃 a little can _ 意味着得到更多5陕西高考总分值作文As an outgoing student, _ 我很擅长与别人交流, which makes me feel confident about this position.6四川高考总分值

24、作文_ 听和说 is where my weakness lies when it comes to English.7四川高考标准范文 And you also should keep it in mind that _ 经常和同学们交换笔记 is a good way to improve your study.8全国卷总分值作文I hope you enjoy _ 为我们报纸写文章跟动名词和不定式作宾语的动词 语法图解探究发现I refuse to let you pay for anything while youre here.She wanted to go home earlie

25、r that day.I suggest leaving 10% of the bill for the waiter or waitress.I think we should consider staying in the English countryside for a few nights as you enjoy hiking.Do you like to play/playing chess?Ill remember to post your letter.I dont remember saying that to him before.我的发现1句句中refuse和want要

26、跟_作宾语。2句句中suggest，consider和enjoy要跟_作宾语。3句中like后既可跟_也可跟_作宾语，意义区别不大。4句句中remember既可跟_也可跟_作宾语，但含义不同。一、只接动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语1这类词语可借助以下口诀来记忆：防止错过少延期 avoid, miss, postpone建议完成多练习 advise/suggest, finish, practise喜欢想象与考虑 enjoy/appreciate, imagine，consider成认否认与妒忌 admit, deny, envy逃避冒险莫原谅 escape, risk, excuse忍受保持不介

27、意 stand, keep, mindBill suggested holding a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.比尔建议开一个关于假期期间为上海世博会做些什么的会议。Would you mind giving us a talk today about DNA?能不能请你今天作一个关于DNA的报告？When he finished listening to the news, he turned off the radio.当他听完新闻，他就关掉了收音机。2英语中有一些动词短语也常跟动名词作

28、宾语。常见的跟动名词作宾语的动词短语有insist on坚持, object to反对, be good at擅长, lead to导致, put off推延, give up放弃, look forward to期盼, feel like想要, devote to献身于, get used/accustomed to习惯于, pay attention to注意, be worth值得，cant help禁不住等。I dont think we should put off having the meeting.我认为我们不应该推延开那个会议。We were used/accustomed

29、to getting up early in the morning.我们以前习惯早起。Professor Wang devotes his life to protecting animals.王教授为保护动物奉献一生。即时演练1用所给词的适当形式填空I wouldnt consider _ make these changes.2019·江西高考改编When it comes to _ speak in public, no one can match him. 2019·陕西高考改编Its quite hot today. Do you feel like _ go

30、for a swim?I dont mind _ travel by bus, but I hate _ stand in queues.We cant imagine her _ succeed in the entrance examination, for she has never been to school. He is looking forward to _ spend his holiday in Britain.Men find it easier to give up _ smoke than women.二、只接不定式作宾语的动词这类词语可借助以下口诀来记忆：同意提出做

31、方案agree, offer, intend/plan/attempt要求容许来帮助demand/ask, promise, help准备决定遭回绝prepare, decide, refuse敢于选择有希望dare, choose, wish/hope/want/expect设法负担决心坚manage, afford, determine不能做到莫假装fail, pretendTom pretended not to have heard about it, but in fact, he knew it very well.汤姆假装没有听说过，但是事实上他很理解这件事。Fred didnt

32、 have any money, so he decided to look for a job.弗雷德没有钱了，因此他决定找份工作。He offered to help me with my English.他主动提出帮我学习英语。They managed to finish the work on time.他们设法按时完成了工作。即时演练2用所给词的适当形式填空Dont forget _ apologize to your brother for losing your temper when you see him.When one loses confidence, he can n

33、ever expect _ do his work well.I finally managed _ find the book I was looking for.Many people would like _ take holidays abroad.I cant afford _ waste money on cheap souvenirs.I really dislike my job but I have to pretend _ enjoy it.Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ a bicycle. r

34、ide三、既可以接动名词又可以接不定式但意义差异比较大的动词短语doingto doforget忘记已经做过某事忘记去做某事remember记得曾经做过某事记住去做某事regret懊悔做过某事懊悔/遗憾去做某事stop停顿做一件事停下来接着做另一件事try尝试着做某事努力/试图做某事mean意味着做某事意欲/想/企图做某事cant help情不自禁地做某事不能帮助做某事go on继续做同一件事继续做另一件事She didnt remember locking the door after supper.她不记得晚饭后锁过门了。Remember to turn off all the light

35、s when you leave the classroom.你分开教室时，别忘记把所有的灯关掉。You must try to do it again.你必须想方设法再做一次。Lets try doing the work in some other way.咱们用另一种方法试试做这项工作。即时演练31单句语法填空陕西高考改编After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on _ thank all the people who had helped in her career.That wo

36、uld mean _ waste a lot of labour.Really? I dont mean _ waste any labour. The engine just wont start. Something seems _ go wrong with it.Every half an hour Mr Smith would stop _ have a smoke.As soon as Peter saw me, he stopped _ talk to his friends and came over.Im sorry I cant help _ clean the room.2单句改错If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but meet an even greater challenge. _He has been looking forward to go to England for a long time._.单