过去完成时态讲解及练习

1、完成时态1)过去完成时态的构成：肯定式：had + 动词的过去分词否定式：hadn't +动词的过去分词疑问式：Had+动词的过去分词简略回答: Yes, 主+ have/has had.No, 主 + had 现在完成时的用法2) 过去完成时适用场合1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by， before 等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在上下文中。I had finished my homework before supper. 我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。The play had already started when we

2、 got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去，常与for， since 等词连用。如：He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year. 他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。He told me that he had known her since he

3、was a child. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 他在去英国 深造前，已学了八年英语。3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在后面叙述时，要用过去完成时。如：Tom flew home, but his father had already died. 汤姆乘飞机回家，他的父亲却已经去世了。4. 过去完成时也用于hardly.when., no sooner.than., It was the first time + th

4、at 分句等一些固定句型中。He had no sooner left the room than they began to talk about him. 他刚离开房间，他们就议论起他来。We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.我们刚开始就被叫停。It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tune. 他用这样的语调跟我讲话，这是第一次。例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1. He in Shanghai University for four years be

5、fore he Beijing.A. studied, had gone B. had studied, wentC. has studied, goes D. had studied, had gone解析："他去北京之前在上大学学习了4 年 "。在上海学习的动作发生在去北京之前，因此第一个空应用过去完成时。此题选B。2. Mary said it was at least five years since he a good drink.A. enjoyed B. was enjoying C. had enjoyed D. would enjoy解析： It was

6、+ 时间段 +since 引导的从句中用过去完成时。应选C。3. Xiao Pei said she Hainan for 3 months.A. has been in B. had been in C. had been to D. had gone to解析："小培说她去了海南三个月"。 have been to 和 have gone to 都是短暂性的动词短语。所以适应表示状态的have been in. 应选 B.时态综合例题：1. -What are Mr and Mrs Black doing-They tea in the garden.A. are dr

7、inking B. drank C. have drunk D. drink2. My mother often asks me early .A. get up B. got up C. getting up D. to get up3. Soon Wu Dong up with Li Lei, then they were neck and neck.A. taught B. caught C. bought D. brought4. The car and stopped at the red traffic light.A. got on B. got off C. slowed do

8、wn D. picked up5. Tom the CD player for two weeks.A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had6. -Do you know -Sorry, but if he back, I you know as soon as possible.A. when will he be back, comes, will letB. when he will be back, will come, will letC. what time will he be back, will come, le

9、tD. what time he will be back, comes, will let7. We to the park if it is fine tomorrow.A. will go B. have gone C. go8. A new shoe factory will in this part of the city.A. be building B. be built C. build9. -all your things, Tom! I hate them here and there.-OK, Mom.A. Put up B. Put on C. Put down D.

10、Put away10. - How about going hiking this weekend- Sorry, I prefer to rather than .A. to stay at home, go out B. to go out, stay at homeC. stay at home, go out D. going out, stay at home一、选择最佳答案填空（动词及搭配）：1. A policeman saw two thieves a girl's mobile phone on the bus and he caughtthem at once.A.

11、 to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen2. The Chinese pingpong players will join in the 's them success.wish hope3. He is so careless that he always his school things at home.4. Who the computer I want to use it.Timmy. He it for a week., has borrowed borrowed, bought borrowed, has kept , has bo

12、rrowed5. Look! One of the girls the door.cleaning cleaning6. If you don't feel well, you may just .stopped reading reading to read to read7. Where can we get a baseballLet's .A. lend Jim one one to Jim one from Jim one of Jim8. My model ship doesn't work.Don't worry. I'll have it

13、 this afternoon.A. repairing9. You wash your hands before meals.A. need10. Will you the light It's dark in the room.on off on off11. My name is Zhang Mingjian. You may me Zhang Mingjian or Mr Zhang.A. ask12. There is going to a game in our school this afternoon.13. You'd bettersmoking. It

14、9;s bad for your health.up up up up14. How do you like this bookI think it has nothing towith our study.A. make15. Where is Mr Brown I have some questions to ask him.He the office.A. has been to been in gone to gone in bus kept the people for twenty minutes.A. wait waitbelieve the scientists willa b

15、etter way to heal the disease.A. get on with up with on with up with do you often this pink blouseBecause it fits me well.A. put on on19. Jack always runs faster than Peter, but this time he him.A. went over behind off off20. The Internet it easy to get much new information in a short time.A. finds参

16、考答案：1-5 BACCB 6-10 BCCBC 11-15 DCBBC 16-20 CBBBB二、选择最佳答案填空（动词时态）：1. We out by that time that hea thief for a longtime.A. had found, had been B. had found, wasC. found, had been D. found, was2. It so happened that theythe novel before.A. had read B. would read C. were reading D. readfor nearly two ho

17、urs.A. kept talking B. kept to talk C. has kept talking D. kept to talking after winter.A. comes B. came C. has come D. had comehear some noise in the next room.-Oh, yes. Your sisterthere.A. cries B. is crying C. cried D. was crying the studentsto plant trees and there's nobody in the classroom.

18、A. go B. will go C. have gone D. wound go7. Stop! A little boythe street.A. is crossing B. crosses C. crossed D. has crossed8. The girlto milk since last winter.A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. would learn9. Whatto you this morningA. happens B. is happened C. happened D. was happened10. -The o

19、ld man looks healthy.-Yes. Hesome running after he gets up.A. does B. did C. has done D. will do11. She didn't pass the exams because sheher lessons well.A. wasn't prepared B. wasn't been preparedC. hadn't prepared D. was preparing12. This storyin a faraway village in Europe many yea

20、rs ago.A. is happened B. was happened C. happened D. has been happened13. -Mr King came back to our village.-Really For what-The old manthe noise in the city.A. is hating B. hates C. was hating D. has hated14. His father for a week.A. died B. will die C. has been died D. has been dead15. My mother i

21、s ill. I stay at home and look after her.A. has to B. must C. would D. have toyou know the Frenchman-Yes. I him for two years.A. know B. have known C. knew D. have been known17. Theyall their money, so they have to walk home.8. had spent C. have spent D. will spend18. Great changesin the city, and a

22、 lot of factories.been taken place, have been set uptaken place, have been set uptaken place, have set uptaken place, were set up19. -When did Kate's grandma die-While the doctorson her.A. are operating B. were operating C. operate D. operated20. -Who are you looking for-Mr White.-Wait here for

23、a while. The class meetingover in half an hour.A. is B. will be C. was D. has been21. If she's not at home, you try telephoning her at the office.A. will B. could C. would D. need22. All the new words up in the dictionary yet.A. have looked B. haven't looked C. have been looked D. haven'

24、t been looked don't want to speak to her, but I .A. do B. have to C. have to speak D. must to24. Hurry up, or you the train.A. miss B. lose C. will miss D. will losenew library next week.A. will build B . will be built C. would build D. would be built's Mabel-She ping pong behind the teachin

25、g building.A. is playing B. was playing C. played D. had played27. Quite a few tall buildings the last two years.A. have been put up B. were put up C. had put up D. put up28. Man-made-satellitesinto space by many countries.A. was sent up B. is sent up C. have been sent up D. has been sent up29. I al

26、l the words on the black board. May I go home now8. will coup C. copied D. have copied30. Nobody knew a living in that country.A. to do B. to make C. how to do D. how to makeold man needs at most five hour's sleep a night ,but hefor over seven hourstonight.A. has fallen asleep B has slept C has

27、gone to bed D. has gone to sleep'm really getting too fat. From now on, Imore exercise and eat less food.A have done B do C am doing D will do33. You don't needher. Iher for several times.A describe, had met B describe, meet C to describe, have met D describe, met34. His speech in English wa

28、s difficult.A in following B for being followed C to follow D to be followed by35. When he was a child, he tried to find wayspeoplelife more.A. to help, enjoy B. help, to enjoy C. help, enjoying D. to be helped, to enjoy did your class teacher you to at the meetingA. tell, say B. ask, speak C. tell,

29、 speak D. ask, talk bus until it .A. Get off, stops B. get off, will stopC. Don't get off, stops D. Don't get off, will stop38 The living standard of the people in Shanghaiin the last ten years.A. has raised B. has risen C. has been raised D. has been risen39 -What did Mr Jones do before he

30、moved here-Hea city bus for over twenty-five years.A. has driven B. drove C. drives D. is driving40. Hurry up! The play for ten minutes.A. had begun B. began C. has been on D. has begun1-5 CAAAB 6-10 CACCC 11-15 CCBCD 16-20 BCBBB21-25 ADBCB 26-30 AACDD 31-35 BDCCA 36-40 ACBBC过去完成时与一般过去时的比较1. 当一个由bef

31、ore, after, as soon as 等连词引导的从句所表示的动作和主句的动作紧接着发生时，两个动作均可用一般过去时来表示。We had breakfast after we did morning exercises.做完早操后，我们吃早饭。The train started to move just before he reached the platform. 他到月台时火车刚开走。They started ploughing as soon as they got to the fields. 他们一到地里就开始耕地。2. 按时间顺序叙述两个或两个以上接连发生的动作时，用一般过

32、去时。He entered the room, turned on the light and sat down at the table. 他走进屋子，打开灯，坐在桌子旁。3. 在表示某人过去未曾完成的“心愿 ”、 “打算 ”、 “计划 ”、 “想法 ”、 “许诺 ”等时， hope, mean,plan, think, intend 等谓语动词常用过去完成时。I had hoped to be back last night, but I didn'我索Ch 都瞿脂麻回来的，但没搭上火车。We had thought to return early but they wouldn我

33、们本想早回来的， t let us go. 但他们不让我们走。4. 在表示过去的句子中出现常与完成时态连用的词，如：already， yet， since， for， ever，never及次数名词等时，常用过去完成时来表示。When we got there the basketball match had already started. 我们到那里时，篮球赛已经开始了。The old man said that he wanted to go where he had never been. 老人说他想到他从未去过的地方去。5. 如果句中出现了表示具体的过去时间的状语，句子的内容为过去的

34、实际情况或句子的内容为历史事实时，句中的动词时态常用一般过去时。如：The teacher said that it was Columbus who first discovered the American continent. 老师说是哥伦布最早发现了美洲大陆。6. 表述说话人始料未及的事情时，句子的谓语动词常用一般过去时。由于受汉语表述习惯的影响，常会用错时态。Jack, you are also here! I didn杰克，你也在这啊！我没有看见你。 t see you.随讲随练1. John, a friend of mine, who got married only last

35、 week, spent $3,000 more than he forthe wedding. 2006 年全国 II 卷 A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned2. I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I to half a dozen othergroups. 2006 年湖南卷A. was giving B. am giving C. had given D. have given3. Father for London on

36、 business upon my arrival, so I didn年福建卷 t see him. 2005A. has left B. left C. was leaving D. had left4. She her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a better job.2004 年重庆卷A. would change B. has changed C. changed D. was changing5. He to spend the important day with us last Sun

37、day, but he was too busy then.A. hoped B. has hoped C. had hoped D. would hoped6. When the old man to walk back to his house, the sun itself behind themountain. 2005 年湖北卷A. started; had already hiddenB. had started; had already hiddenC. had started; was hidingD. was starting; hid7. Sales of CDs have

38、 greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people to enjoy theadvantages of this new technology. 2004 年江苏卷A. begin B. began C. have begun D. had begun8. Oh, is that you, Bob Err.yes. Ah, you re Mary. Sorry I you. We haven ttesneeyneaerasc,hhaovtheer forweA. didn t recognize B. hadn t recognizedC

39、. haven t recognized D. don t recognizeKey： 1-8 DCDCCABA过去完成时专项练习题1 、在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。例如：When I returned home, my guest had already left.I did not see the film because I had seen it before.2、常用于told, said, knew, heard, thought, ask 等动词后的宾语从句。例如：She said (that) she had never be

40、en to Paris.He asked what I had said.现在完成时和过去完成时的区别：现在完成时强调对现在的影响或结果, 过去完成时强调对过去的影响或结果。1. 单项选择1 He asked me during the summer holidays.A. where I had been B. where I had goneC. where had I been D. where had I gone2. What Jane by the time he was sevenA. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done3.

41、 I 900 English words by the time I was ten 。A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt4. She lived here for years.A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I the dinner already.A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooke

42、d D. was cooked6. She said she the principle alreadyA .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen7. She said her family themselves the army during the war.A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, fromC. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with8. By the time he was ten years old, he .1. has completed university B

43、. has completed the university8. had completed an university D. had completed university9. She had written a number of books the end of last year.A. for B. in C. by D. at10. He to play before he was 11 years old.A had learned, piano B. had learned, the pianoC. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano

44、.11. What Annie by the time he was tenA. did, do B. did, did C. has, done D. had done12. .He _ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.A. has worked B. works C. had worked D. will work13. By the end of last week, they the bridge.A. has completed B. completed C. will complete D. had

45、completed14. Ben hates playing violin, but he likes playing football.A. a the B. the the C. /the D. the /15. By the time he was 4, he a lot of German words.A. had learned B. has learned C. learned D. learns16. .Jim turned off the lights and then the classroom.A. was left B. had left C. has left D. l

46、eftin Guangzhou since 2000.A. lived B. had lived C. have lived D. were living18. The train from Beijingten minutes ago.A. has arrived B. was arriving C. arrived D. had arrived19. The students their classroom when the visitors arrived.A . have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleane

47、d20. Fergiethe project in one hour.A. have finished B. will finish C. finishes D. has finished21. The man his coat and went out.A. put on B. had put on C. will put on D. was putting on22. My motherin that factory at the age of 18.A. had worked B. has worked C. worked D. works23. Dad while he TV.A .f

48、ell asleep watch B. was falling asWafephed C. fell asleep was watching D. had fallen asleepwatched答案：1. He asked me _A_ during the summer holidays.A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone2. What _D_ Jane by the time he was sevenA. did, doB. has, done C did, did

49、.D. had, done3. I _C_ 900 English words by the time I was ten 。A. learnedB. was learning C. had learnedD. learnt4. She _A_lived here for years.A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _A_ the dinner already.A had cooked

50、B. cookedC. have cookedD. was cooked6. She said she _D the principle （原理）alreadyA .has seenB. sawC. will seeD. had seen7. She said her family _Bthemselves the army during the war.A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, from C. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with8. By the time he was ten years old, he _D

51、.A. has completed universityB. has completed the universityB. had completed an universityD. had completed university9. She had written a number of books _C_ the end of last year.A. forB. inC. byD. at10. He _B_ to play before he was 11 years old.A had learned, pianoB. had learned, the pianoC. has lea

52、rned, the pianoD. learns ,piano.11. What _DAnnie by the time he was tenA. did, doB. did, didC. has, doneD. had done12. .He _C_ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.A. has worked B. worksC. had workedD. will work13. By the end of last week, they _D_ the bridge.D. had completedfoot

53、ball.A. has completed B. completed C. will complete14. Ben hates playing _Dviolin, but he likes playingA. a - theB. the the C. /- theD. the15. By the time he was 4, he _Aa lot of German words.A. had learned B. has learned C. learnedD. learns16. .Jim turned off the lights and then _D_ the classroom.A

54、. was leftB. had leftC. has leftD. leftCin Guangzhou since 2000.D. were livingD. had arrivedA. livedB. had livedC. have lived18. The train from Beijing_Cten minutes ago.A. has arrivedB. was arrivingC. arrived19. The students _Btheir classroom when the visitors arrived.A . have cleaned B. had cleaned

55、 C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned20. Fergie_Bthe project in one hour.D. has finishedD. was putting onwatchedwatchedA. have finished B. will finish C. finishes21. The man _Ahis coat and went out.A. put onB. had put onC. will put on22. My mother_Cin that factory at the age of 18.A. had worked B. ha

56、s worked C. worked D. works23. Dad _Cwhile he TV.A .fell asleepwatchB. was falling asleepC. fell asleep was watching D. had fallen asleep2.用动词的适当形式填空1. We (paint) the house before we (move) in.2. That rich old man (make) a will before he (die).3. They (study) the map of the country before they (leave).4. The robbers (run away ) before the policemen (arrive).5. I (turn off) all the lights before I (go) to bed.6. Paul (go) out with Jane af