初中英语时态讲解ppt

1、初中英语时态讲解ppt篇一：初中英语重点时态详解初中八种时态一般现在时的用法1） 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every, sometimes, at, on Sunday。I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。2） 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。3） 表示格言或警句。Pride goes before a fall. 骄

2、者必败。注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。4） 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。：I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。Ann writes good English but does not speak well.安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。第一句用一

3、般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。一般过去时的用法1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。When I was a child, I often played football in the street.我是个孩子的时

4、候，常在马路上踢足球。Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。3）句型：1. It is time for sb. to do sth 到时间了 该了。It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。2It is time that sb. did sth. 时间已迟了早该了 ，It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。3. would （had） rather sb. did

5、sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'。I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。4） wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗？I wondere

6、d if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。2）情态动词 could, would。Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？Used to / be used toused to + do：过去常常表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘。Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫过去常常散步。be used to + doing： 对已感到习惯，或习惯于，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。He is used to a

7、vegetarian diet.Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫现在已习惯于散步了。典型例题- Your phone number again? I _ quite catch it.- It's 69568442.A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。一般将来时1）shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用

8、于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先读哪一段呢？Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？2） be going to +不定式，表示将来。a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？b. 计划，安排要发生的事。The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。c. 有迹象要发生的事。Look at the dark clouds

9、, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。4）be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。注意：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。be going to / will 用于条件句时，be going to表将来,will表意

10、愿。例如：If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon aspossible.Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in frontof the mirror.be to和be going tobe to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天

11、下午我去踢球。（客观安排） I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。（主观安排） 一般现在时表将来1）下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。2）以here

12、, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。2）在时间或条件句中。When Bill comes （不是will come）, ask him to wait for me.比尔来后，让他等我。I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。4）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的

13、宾语从句中。例如： I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。 Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。用现在进行时表示将来下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗？现

14、在完成时现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成：have （has） +过去分词。比较一般过去时与现在完成时1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week，ago, in1980, in October, just now等，皆为具体的时间状语。现在完成时的时间状语：for, since

15、, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等，皆不确定的时间状语。共同的时间状语：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become,get

16、 married等。I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）Why did you get up so early? （强调起床的动作已发生过了）Who hasn't handed in his paper? （强调有卷子未交，疑为不公平竞争）He has been in the League for three years. （在团内的状态可延续）He has been a League member for three years. （是团员的状态可

17、持续）句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.用于现在完成时的句型1）It is the first / second time. that结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。 It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次访问这城市。 Thi

18、s is the first time （that） I've heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。2）This is +形容词最高级+that结构，that 从句要用现在完成时。例如： This is the best film that I've （ever） seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。典型例题（1） -Do you know our town at all?-No, this is the first time I _ here.A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming答案B. This

19、is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选B。（2） -Have you _ been to our town before?-No, it's the first time I _ here.A. even, comeB. even, have comeC. ever, comeD. ever, have come答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。 注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。（错）I have received his letter for a

20、 month.（对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.比较since和forSince 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在这儿二十多年了。I have lived here since I was born. 我从出生起就住在这儿了。注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。I worked here for more than twenty years. （我现在已不在这里工作。）I h

21、ave worked here for many years.（现在我仍在这里工作。）注意：用句型转换的方法，很容易排除非延续动词在有for/since结构的完成时中的误用。1）（对） Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russianthree years ago, and is still studying it now.2）（错） Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six yearsago, and is

22、 still getting married now.显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry hasbeen married for six years.since的四种用法1） since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month,half past six）。I have been here since 1989. 1989起，我一直在这儿。2） since +一段时间+ ago。I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿，已经有五个月了

23、。3） since +从句。Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后，变化可大了。Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我们走后，变化可大了。4） It is +一段时间+ since从句。It is two years since I became a postgraduate student. 我考上研究生有两年了。 延续动词与瞬间动词1） 用于完成时的区别延续动词表示经验、经历； 瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。He has completed

24、the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 （表结果）I've known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。（表经历）2） 用于till / until从句的差异延续动词用于肯定句，表示做直到 瞬间动词用于否定句，表示到，才。He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10 点才回来。He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10点。典型例题1. You don't need to describe her. I _ her seve

25、ral times.A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响，我知道她的模样，你不用描述。再次，several times告知为反复发生的动作，因此用现在完成时。2. -I'm sorry to keep you waiting.-Oh, not at all. I _ here only a few minutes.A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be答案A. 等待的动作由过去开始，持续到现在，应用现在完成时。过去完成时1） 概念：表示过去的过去篇二：初中英

26、语时态讲解初中英语时态讲解or或since 等表示一段时间的状语。 如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.3.现在完成时瞬间动词即终止性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。常见终止性动词与延续性动词 (或状态动词) 的对应关系如下:come / go / arrive / get / reach / move- be in/atopen - be open die - be deadclose - be closedbecome -be 初中阶段，要求学生掌握动词六种时态的基本结构(一般现在时，一般过去时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时和一般将来时态)及它们

27、的主要用法和区别。了解过去将来、过去完成时态的基本用法，解题时注意找出关键词，正确判断出时态，按时态结构正确变化动词。注意句子时态的一致性，注意对特殊时态的处理。 1、 一般现在时。一般现在时通常表示目前阶段经常发生的动作或存在的状态。通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。结构:1）be动词。有一顺口溜： 我用am ，你用 are ，is 用于他，她，它, 单数is，复数are. 肯定式:主语+ am /is/are +其他否定式:主语+ am/is/are +not + 其他 疑问式:Am /Is /Are + 主语+ 其他?简略回答: (肯)

28、 Yes,主语 + am/ is /are (否) No,主语 + am /is/are not2）行为动词（实义动词）除主语是第三人称单数外，都用动词原形，主语是第三人称单数时，在动词 词尾加-s或-es 。“动词第三人称单数”的加法 即 “如何从动词原形变为第三人称单数”1、一般情况加s. 2、以o, s, x, ch, sh 结尾加es. 3、以“辅音字母+y”结尾 改y为i +es肯定式:主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数否定式:主语+助动词 don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 疑问式:Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答:(肯)Yes

29、,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't =does not注意：have的第三人称单数为has用法：1.表示事实,现状,性质或经常的,习惯的动作,常与often, usually, always, sometimes, today,every day,once a week, every five minutes, on Sundays等时间状语连用, eg. He has a brother.2.表示普遍真理. eg. The earth goes round the sun.3

30、.表示在现在时间里所发生的一个动作 . eg. Here comes the train.4.在时间和条件状语从句中代表一般将来时 . eg.I'll go with you if you are free tomorrow.一般现在时用法专练:一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _

31、they _(like) the World Cup? 二、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? _ 2. Does he likes going fishing? _ 3. He likes play games after class. _ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _用动词的适当形式填空1.I like _ (swim). 2.He _(read) English every day.3.We _(go

32、)to school at seven in the morning. 4.Mike_(go)to school at seven in the morning.5.My mother_(like) _(go) shopping. 6.I can _(draw) many beautiful pictures.7.She_(make) a model plane. 8.Do you _(like)_(run)?9.Does he_(like)_(jump) ? 10.Does Nancy_(grow)flowers on Saturday ?2、现在进行时。通常用“now/look/liste

33、n”.1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的结构：.肯定句 ： 主语+be（is,am,are ） +动词现在分词-ingeg: I am(not) doing my homework.You/We/They are(not) reading.否定句：主语+be（is,am,are ）+not + 动词现在分词-ing 一般疑问句：Is(Are)+主语+动词现在分词-ing？ 特殊疑问：疑问词+ be + 主语 + 动词ing?3.动词加ing的变化规则1)一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2)以不发音的

34、e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting 3)如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing， 如：run-running, stop-stopping,swimswimming 4. 现在进行时专项练习：用所给的动词的正确形式填空： 1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ ( do ) now

35、?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson . 6._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an

36、English lesson . 6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing?She _(listen ) to music. 9. It's 5 o'clock now. We _(have)supper now 10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is。写出下列动词的现在分词：play_run_swim_make_go_like_write

37、_ ski_read_have_sing_dance_put_see_buy_love_live_take_come_get_stop_sit_begin_shop_ 3、 一般过去时态一般过去时通常用 “a moment ago, just now, yesterday, last?”等。1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt）are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）带有was或w

38、ere的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。4.动词过去式的变化：过去式 had did ate was were drove spoke wrote rode heard got原形 go find say take mean meet make see come tell know过去式 went found said took meant met made saw came told knew不规则动词的变化： 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 原形 sweep swept teach taught

39、have keep kept think thought do sleep slept buy bought eat feel felt drink drank is/am read read give gave are put put sing sang drive cut cut begin began speak let let ring rang write fly flew run ran ride draw drew sit sat hearlearned/grow grew learn getlearnt 5.特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did J

40、im do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday? 过去时练习:一、 用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week. 3. We _ students two years ago. 4. They _ on the farm a moment ago. 5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. It _ Bens birthday last Friday. 二、用行为动词的适当形式填

41、空1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago. 2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night. 3. We _ (have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy _ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week. 5. I _ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play) 7. _ they _ (sweep) the f

42、loor on Sunday? No, they _. 三、中译英1格林先生去年住在中国。 2. 昨天我们参观了农场。4.过去进行时：肯定句：主语+助动词be (was,were)+动词现在分词-ing+其它 否定句：主语+助动词be (was,were)+not+动词现在分词-ing+其它 一般疑问句：Was(Were)+主语+动词现在分词-ing+其它？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词+was(were)+动词现在分词-ing+其它? 用法:1、 表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作，往往有表示过去的时间状语then, at that time, this time yesterday等，或与过去发生的某

43、事同时发生的动作（即与when, while引出的时间状语从句连用）。例：They were talking about a film at six yesterday evening. 昨晚6点他们正在谈论一部电影。What were you doing at this time last week? 上周的这个时候你在干什么？When the teacher came in, they were talking. 老师进来时，他们在讲话。 2、 表示在过去某一段时间内进行的动作。例：They were swimming from two to three yesterday afterno

44、on. She was watching TV the whole morning. 3、 表示过去将要发生的动作。例：He said he was leaving on Tuesday. 他说他周二动身。Tom said he was going tomorrow. 汤姆说他明天去。 过去进行时练习题： 一、动词填空。1John_（work） all day yesterday.2 What_you _（do） at ten o'clock yesterdayI_（studay） in class3When Harry _（have） breakfast Lily _（tel

45、ephone） him4When I _ （go） to school this morning I _ （see） a car running into a bus 6. This time yesterday Jack _ (mend) his bike. 7. I _ (write) a letter at ten last night. 8. It was six. The Greens _ (have) supper.9. When you _ (knock) at the door yesterday,I _ (do) some washing. 10. While my moth

46、er _ (watch) TV, I _(make) a kite. 4、一般将来时篇三：初中英语八大动词时态讲解初中英语八大动词时态讲解一、 一般现在时 1、结构肯定式:主语+ am /is/are +其他否定式:主语+ am/is/are +not + 其他一般疑问句式:Am /Is /Are + 主语+ 其他?简略回答: (肯) Yes,主语 + am/ is /are（否）No,主语+am/is/are not肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他否定句式: 主语+（助动词） don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: D

47、o/Does+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 2、用法1） 表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的副词连用。常用的频度副词有： always、often、 usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month?), once a week, on Sundays。频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。例如: He ofte

48、n goes swimming in summer.他夏天经常游泳。I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。2） 表示现在的状态。例如：My father is at work.He is very busy. 我父亲在工作，他很忙。 The boy is twelve. 这男孩十二岁。 3） 表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。例如：All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。 My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐

49、于助人。Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。4） 表示客观真理，客观存在，自然现象。例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。5） 表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等瞬间动词。例如：The train leaves at six tomo

50、rrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。He comes back tonight. 他今晚回来6） 在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时 来表示将来要发生的动作。例如： I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。注意：动词have的第三人称单数是has.写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式。1

51、. cook _ 2.watch_ 3.build_ 4.have_5.wash_ 6. enjoy _ 7 go _ 8 receive _9 cry_ 10. close _ 11. drive _ 12. choose _ 13. play _ 14. reach _二、一般过去时 1、结构肯定式:主语+ was/were +其他否定式:主语+ was/were +not + 其他一般疑问句式: Was/Were + 主语+ 其他?简略回答: (肯) Yes,主语 + was/were（否）No,主语+ was/were not肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他否定句式: 主语+（助动词

52、）didnt +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+did (否)No,主语+did not 2、用法1）表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语yesterday, just now, the other day, in 1982, ago, an hour ago, long long ago, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month?), at the age of 5, one day, once upon a time等连用。在一般过去

53、式中，要表达“过多少时间之后”，一般用after。例如：Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？After a few years, she started to play the piano.几年后，她开始弹钢琴。2）表示在过去，经常或反复发生的动作。常与often,always等表示频度的副词连用，且有明确过去的时间状语。例如：When I was a child, I often played football in the street.我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。3）一般过去式也可与today,this week,this month,this

54、 year等表现在的时间状语连用，但这些时间状语须指过去的时间，决不包含“现在”“此时此刻”的意思。 例如：Did you see him today?今天你看见他了吗？三、一般将来时 1、结构肯定句式：主语+助动词will+动词原形+其他 否定句式：主语+助动词will+动词原形+not+其他 一般疑问句式：助动词Will+主语+动词原形+其他简单回答：在口语中，will在名词或代词后常缩为ll，Will not常简缩为wont。 在疑问句中，主语为第一人称时（I和we）时，常用助动词shall。 例如：Shell go to play basketball. 她要去打篮球。 Shall we go to the zoo? 我们要去动物园吗？肯定句式：主语+be going to +动词原形+其他 否定句式：主语+be not going to +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式：Be+主语+going to+动