leave_keep分析讲解试题

1、leave, keep使/让处于某状态课件+试题索引一、 leave二、 keep含:leave用法小结和keep考点三、 练习(附答案)四、 历年高考试题(附答案和解析)一、leaveleave表示“使/让(某人/某事物)处于某状态,听任”等，其后可跟复合宾语结构。-cause or allow (sb/sth) to be or remain in a specified state, condition or positionleave+sb/sth宾语+adj./adv./介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式(to do sth)/wh-/as.宾补<一> leave+sb

2、/sth+adj./adv./介词短语 1 VN-ADJ Leave the door open, please. 请把门开着吧。 He left the album open/closed on the table. The bomb blast left 25 people dead. 那颗炸弹炸死了 25 个人。 Violent disturbances have left at least ten people dead. His illness has left him weak. His betrayal left her heartbroken. The big flood/Th

3、e tarnado left hundreds of thousands of people homeless. This leaves the patient awake.这使病人醒着。 Remember to leave your bedroom clean and tidy. Frankly, his rudeness left me speechless. The presidents sudden death has left the country leaderless. He has left his wife and children penniless.His fathers

4、 will left Marcia secure.他父亲的遗嘱使玛西娅有了保障。 She left him vaguely suspicious. The dust storm left everything in the house dirty. The decision by his superiors left him powerless to act. The tragic news left him numb. This left Athens the strongest of the city-states. (MCE)这使雅典成为最强的城邦。被动: The children we

5、re left motherless.这些孩子都没有了母亲。 Michelangelo was left unchallenged as the greatest Florentine artist.米开朗琪罗成了无可争议的佛罗伦萨最伟大的艺术家。 I understand you have been left a very rich youth.我知道你已成为非常有钱的年轻人。(1) leave sth on/off/out/in etcleave on让(灯)开着 She left the bedside lamp on all night.她让床头灯一夜都亮着。被动: Why are t

6、hese lights left on?这些灯为什么没关？ She must have left the phone off the hook.她一定是没挂好电话。leave out留在外面;省略;遗漏;不考虑;不包括在内;不理会,忽视leave ones bicycle out at night晚上把自行车留在外面 / Dont leave me out, please!请不要把我忘了!(2) leave sth open/empty/untidy etc: Leave the door open, please.让门开着吧。被动: The door was left open.门敞开着。

7、The government left its policy open to various interpretations.政府听凭人们对它的政策作各种各样的解释。(3)leave alone让独自呆着;不干扰,不干预;更不用说leave/let sb a'lone; leave/let sb 'be不打扰;不干预-stop annoying sb or trying to get their attention:Shes asked to be left alone but the press photographers follow her everywhere.她希望不

8、被打扰，但是摄影记者还是对她穷追不舍。Leave him behe obviously doesnt want to talk about it.不要打扰他，他显然不想谈这事。leave/let sth a'lone; leave/let sth 'be不碰;不改变;不移动-stop touching, changing or moving sth: Ive told you beforeleave my things alone!我跟你说过，不要碰我的东西！ Leave us alone, please.请不要打扰我们。 Leave the box alone.别动那箱子。

9、Now she was left alone with her little child.现在只剩下她和她那个小孩在一起了。 leave well (enough) alone见好就收;不要弄巧成拙;不要画蛇添足-stop changing sth that is already good enough: He just doesn't know when to leave well enough alone.(4)leave the 'door open (for/on sth)让(谈判、协商的)门敞开着，使成为可能;(为某事)留有余地-make sure that ther

10、e is still the possibility of doing sth: The door was left open for further negotiations as the bosses were not completely stubborn at the end of talks.进一步谈判的门还敞开着，因为头头们在会谈结时态度并不完全那么没有挽回余地.The management were intelligent enough to leave the door open for further negotiations with the union.管理层很明智，他们

11、没有关死和工会进一步协商的大门。(5)leave the field 'clear for sb; leave sb in possession of the 'field为的成功扫清障碍;清除对手(以确保其成功)-enable sb to be successful in a particular area of activity because other people or groups are not competing with them any longer: Many of our more experienced players are injured or r

12、esting, which leaves the field clear for new talent.很多经验丰富的选手都有伤在身或正在休养，这样就给了新秀上场的机会。(6)(sth) leave sb 'cold未能打动某人;不能引起某人的兴趣-fail to affect or interest sb: His story left me cold; I have heard too many of these begging tales.他的故事打动不了我，这些乞讨的故事我听得太多了。 Classical music leaves me absolutely cold, but

13、 I love rock.古典音乐一点也引不起我的兴趣，我喜欢摇滚乐。 (7)leave sb speechless使某人(惊吓、高兴、愤怒得)说不出话来,使某人目瞪口呆2 VN-ADV leave things about/around(=here and there)把东西到处乱放leave behind未带,遗忘;把丢在后面: Take care not to leave anything behind.当心别丢下东西。/ Dont leave me behind.别把我留下。My bag has been left behind.我的包忘拿了。He left his wife and

14、children behind.他拋下了妻子儿女。/ He has left a sweet memory behind.他留芳百世。I was left behind in the race.我在赛跑中落在后面。 So where does that leave me? I cant remember where I left my keys.leave sb up in the air Fig. leave sb waiting for a decision: Please don't leave me up in the air. I want to know what'

15、s going to happen to me. Nothing was decided, and they left me up in the air.3 VN-PREPleave newspapers about/around ones house在屋子里到处乱放报纸 I don't want to leave my mother at home on her own. I decided to leave the car at home. leave it in ones care把它交托给某人照管 leave the child in my care/charge把孩子托付给我

16、 / leave sb in the charge of the matter委托某人负责办理某事/ leave a sum in the bank把一笔款子存在银行里I will leave the arrangements in your hands.我将把准备工作交给你办。 / He left me in the dark about the matter.这事我被他蒙在鼓里瞒着我。 I dont like leaving her in that state. The documentary left me in a state of shock. The previous govern

17、ment left the economy in ruins. The strike left the railway system in (utter) confusion.罢工使铁路系统陷于一片混乱。 When Butterworth went sick, they left him in charge.巴特沃思生病时，他们让他来负责。 Why cant you leave her in peace?你为什么不能让她安宁? Weve left her name off the list. The matter is left entirely to your arrangement/dis

18、posal.这事全由你去安排处理。 He quietly slipped away and left me to my tears. His illness left him with a weak heart.他的病使他的心脏很弱。 Paying for the apartment has left the young couple without a penny/cent. The storm left 50,000 homes without power.(1) leave it at 'that (informal) <口>行了;到此为止;就这样吧-say or d

19、o no more about sth: We talked about it for a few minutes, I made a few suggestions, and we left it at that.我们就这个问题讨论了几分钟，我提出了一些建议，然后就没有再过问。 Weve done enough for today. Lets leave it at that, shall we? 我们今天已经做得够多了，就到这儿，好吗？行啦到此为止吧。There is nothing we can do; we must leave it at that.我们无能为力，只好听其自然。(2)

20、leave sb in the 'lurch(在某人需要帮助时)弃而不顾,见死不救,抛下不管-(informal)leave sb who is in a difficult situation and needs your help: I dont think much of a person who leaves his friends in the lurch when troubles arise.我对于一个在困难的时候丢下朋友不管的人没有什么好感。 You cant resign now and leave us all in the lurch. It wouldnt be

21、 fair.你不能在这个时候辞职，抛下我们大家不管，这不够仗义。 They will not leave you in the lurch.他们不会在你有困难时撇下不管的。 Bill quit his job，leaving his boss in the lurch.比尔辞去了工作，使老板处境困难。 His advisers left him in the lurch when he needed them the most.(3)leave sb/sth standing(BrE informal); leave sb/sth in the 'dust (AmE informal)

22、把远远抛在后面;远远胜过超过-informal to be much better, quicker, more successful etc than someone or something else;go far ahead of sb, be much more advanced than sb; leave sb/sth far behind: In terms of fitness, he discovered that Kate left him standing. He didnt know much about football, but his knowledge of c

23、ricket left us all standing.他的足球知识并不多，但他的板球知识却远远超过我们。 The company has left its competitors in the dust. In the local elections, Jackson won easily, leaving all other candidates in the dust.在当地选举中，杰克逊轻松取胜，把其他的候选人远远地甩在后面。(4)leave sb (out) in the cold冷落某人,不理睬某人,把某人丢在一边(5)leave sb/sth in sbs care/charge

24、 把某人/某物留给某人照看照管,照料;负责：Make sure that you leave the children in the care of a very responsible person.你务必把孩子们交给一个非常负责的人照料。 We left the house in my mothers charge while we were away.我们不在家时把房子交给我的母亲照看。(6)leave sb in the dark字面使某人处在黑暗中;比喻使某人一无所知,把某人蒙在鼓里：The light went out and left us in the dark.灯熄了，我们处

25、在黑暗之中。He said nothing, leaving me in the dark about his plans.他什么也没有说，我对他的计划一无所知.(7)leave sth to chance/fate(不作为而)任去自然发展顺其自然;听天由命-not try to change the way something is developing or happening: You cant leave your whole future to chance, but must work hard in order to succeed.你不能对你整个未来听天由命，而必须努力工作去争

26、取成功。 They planned for every possibility and left nothing to chance. John prepared against every contingency, but recognized that something nust be left to chance.约翰准备应付一切紧急情况，但意识到有些事只得顺其自然。 He's not the sort to leave things to chance (=take no action and just wait to see what happens) .leave sb

27、to one's fate-abandon sb to whatever may happenpossibly death or some other unpleasant event: We couldn't rescue the miners and were forced to leave them to their fate. Please don't try to help. Just go away and leave me to my fate.(8)leave sb to oneself/to ones own devices/resources听任某人

28、自行其是;对某人不加干涉控制: If someone leaves you to your own devices or you are left to your own devices, you are allowed to do what you want or what you are able to do without being controlled or helped by anyone else. They left me to myself.他们任我自由行动。 Left to its own devices, the school would accept only the

29、most advanced students. The students were left to their own devices when the teacher failed to appear on time. Members of the party were left to their own devices.该党的成员不受任何管束。(9)leave(also trust) sb/sth to (tender) the mercy/mercies of sb/sth把某人/某物留在危险的环境中,使任由摆布-leave sb/sth in a situation that may

30、cause them to suffer or to be treated badly: The soldiers had no choice but to run across open fields, which left them to the mercy of enemy gunners.士兵们别无选择，只能跑着穿过开阔地，将自己暴露在敌人的火力之中。I can hardly imagine anything worse than being left to the tender mercies of that dreadful woman.听任那个可怕的女人的粗暴对待。(10)lea

31、ve sth out of account/consideradon/reckoning 对不加考虑，没有考虑比较: take sth into account/consideradon把考虑进去Dont leave the cost out of consideration.不要不考虑成本。(11)leave sb with no choice/option让某人别无选择(=force sb to take a particular action): You leave me with no choice but to fire you. I had no choice but to fir

32、e you.<二>VN -ing leave+sb/sth+现在分词leave sb/sth doing sthDon't leave her waiting outside in the rain.别让她在外边雨里等着。 Dont leave water running to clean vegetables.洗菜时不要开着水龙头让水直淌。 I left the engine running. Never leave children playing near water unattended.千万别让孩子们在没人照看的情况下在水边玩。 We never leave an

33、y fire burning at night.夜里我们从不让炉火燃着。 So I left him sleeping on the floor.于是我让他睡在地板上。 She left me feeling very anxious over Miss Cathy. 她让我很为卡西小姐着急。They went off together and left me standing near the door all morning. They went off together, leaving me standing near the door all morning. Dont leave

34、tools lying about.工具不要到处乱放。 I left Alison putting on her make-up in the ladies room. (1)leave sb fumingfume发怒,愤怒/danglingdangle摇摆,举棋不定;(此处指)不放心地等待,心情忐忑地等待着,悬望/ thinking/wondering/guessing etc.: His arriving an hour late left her fuming (with rage).气得七窍生烟. Kate's sudden departure left us all wond

35、ering what was going to happen. Salter drove off, leaving Callendar surveying the scene. leave/keep sb dangling让某人不放心地等待,让某人的心老是悬着心情忐忑地等待着,悬望 -(informal) force sb to be in an uncertain position or to wait for a decision: Dont keep me dangling: tell me if I passed the test. We were kept dangling for

36、weeks while the bank reviewed our loan application.Qi Baishi's style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination.齐白石的绘画风格常给观赏者留出运用想象力猜想的余地。keep sb guessing;chiefly US leave sb guessing-make it impossible for someone to know what will happen next: The many

37、twists and turns in the plot will keep readers guessing until the last page. He likes to leave us guessing about his plans.(2)leave sb/sth 'standing把远远抛在后面;远远胜过超过(BrE informal)be much better than sb/sth: = leave sb/sth in the 'dust (AmE informal)把远远抛在后面;远远胜过In maths and science she leaves th

38、e others standing.在数理方面，她比其他人强得多。(3)leave sb holding the 'baby (informal)把包袱扔给某人,把责任推到某人身上;归咎于某人-leave sb to take the responsibility or blame for sth:be left holding the baby BrEbe left holding the bag AmE to be left as the only person responsible for dealing with a difficult situation, especial

39、ly something someone else started:He was left holding the financial baby when his musical partner joined another band. Its always the same. We all agree to do something, then you all say youre too busy to arrange it, and Im left holding the baby.事情总是这样。大家一致同意做某件事，然后你们都说自己太忙，无法抽身，最后所有的苦差事都落在我头上。(4)le

40、ave sb/sth hanging (in the air)(字面)使悬在半空中; (比喻)使悬而未决, 把某事搁置起来;让某人(对计划,结果等)云里雾里leave sb/sth hanging (in midair); keep sb/sth hanging (in midair) 1. Lit.悬在半空中 keep sb/sth suspended in midair when support for the person or thing is removed: The ladder collapsed and left me hanging in midair. Fortunatel

41、y, I grabbed onto the windowsill窗台. 2. Fig. suspend dealing with sb/sth; leave sb/sth waiting to be finished or continued: She left her sentence hanging in midair. Tell me the rest of the story. Don't leave me hanging in midair. Because the committee could not decide on a time and place, the mat

42、ter of the spring dancc was left hanging.由于委员会不能决定时间和地点，故春季舞会事宜仍是悬而未决。 Luke didnt tell us his plans he just left us both hanging.<三>V+sb/sth+过去分词Its better to leave some things unsaid.有些话还是不说的好。 The trial left many questions unanswered.这次试验留下了许多问题没有解决。 Dont leave the door unlocked? She left th

43、e job half-finished.这工作她干了一半就停下。 He got up slowly leaving the breakfast unfinished. Rose left the ironing undone and went bowling. What do you expect if you leave your car parked on a yellow line. Her so-called explanation has left us all doubly confused. The result has left everybody dissatisfied/s

44、urprised/pleased. Estella could not leave it unguarded. Did you leave the doors and windows firmly fastened?(1)leave no stone un'turned想尽一切办法,千方百计,不遗余力- Fig. search in all possible places (As if one might search under every rock.); try everything possible to find or obtain sth: The police left n

45、o stone unturned in their efforts to find the little girl.警方不遗余力地寻找那个小女孩。 Don't worry. We'll find your stolen car. We'll leave no stone unturned. In searching for a nice place to live, we left no stone unturned.(2)leave no avenue unexplored; explore every avenue从各方面进行探索调查;利用一切手段机会,可能性;想方

46、设法,千方百计, 不遗余力: “Let the public be assured,” the speaker continued, “that we will leave no avenue unexplored in our efforts to keep down the cost of living.” “让公众放心”，讲话人继续说，“我们一定要不遗余力控制生活费用。”(3)leave sb/sth unattended 使某人/某物独自留着无人照管: Your car will be damaged if you leave it unattended here.如果你把你的汽车丢在

47、这儿无人照管，它会损坏的. It is dangerous to leave small children unattended in the house.<四>VN to inf leave+sb/sth+不定式1 leave sb to do sth (1)离开让某人做某事不定式作目的状语(2)BrE 让某人决定或负责某事不定式作宾语补足语leave sb to do sth (1)离开让某人做某事不定式作目的状语-go away from a place and allow sb to continue doing sth there: I'll leave you

48、to get on with your book/work. The others all ran off, leaving me to face the music留下我来挨罚.leave sb to sth: I'll leave you to your crossword puzzle.比较: leave sb doing sth离开让某人做某事强调动作持续一段时间Ann left keith dozing in the chair.比较: leave to do sth离开去做某事(目的状语): Ann left early to meet her mother.比较: lea

49、ve doing sth until/to把做某事留到时候: They left booking their holiday till/to the last minute.leave sb to do sth (2) BrE 让某人决定或负责某事不定式作宾语补足语let sb else decide sth or be responsible for sth: Clive moved to London, leaving Edward to run the Manchester office. Leave you to choose which film we see.leave it (u

50、p) to sb to do sth让某人做某事: She leaves it to the reader to draw their own conclusions. I'll leave it up to you to decide.leave doing sth to sb把某事交给某人去做: Is it okay if I leave preparing the report to you? Nancy left shopping for groceries to me. Ill leave booking the tickets to you.leave sth to sb把

51、交给(做,决定,选择)let sb do, choose or decide: Leave it to me. I'll make sure it gets posted. The choice of specialist subject is left entirely to the students. Ive always left financial decisions to my wife.leave sth with sb把交给(做,决定,负责): Leave it with me, I'll fix it for you.2 leave sth to do sthL

52、eave the rice to cook for 20 minutes.把米饭煮 20 分钟。 Leave the pots to soak overnight.把锅泡一个晚上。 Leave the future to take care of itself.让未来自然发展吧。 Leave questions of guilt or innocence for the jury to decide.3.1 leave something to be desired有待改进,不够完美-not reach the standard you would like or expect it to r

53、each3.2 leave much/a lot/a great deal to be desired有许多待改进的地方,很不完善,差得远,远不尽如人意3.3 leave nothing to be desired尽善尽美;完美无缺: His solution to the problem leaves nothing to be desired.他解决这个问题的方法十分圆满。 Your standard of work has gone down. In fact it leaves a great deal to be desired.你的工作质量下降了，实在是差强人意。 It is no

54、t user-friendly and leaves a lot to be desired for software support product. The acting in some of those early films left much to be desired.某些早期电影中演员的演技远不尽如人意。<方言;俚语> Leave us (=Let us) go now.让我们这就走吧。英汉大词典<五>leave+名词/代词+从句考点: asI have left everything as it was.我把一切都保持了原样。 Leave things

55、as they are.听任事情自然发展。leave-make sth happen or remain as a result 使发生;造成,使留下为(某种结果) VN Red wine leaves a stain.红葡萄酒会留下污渍。 She left me with the impression that she was unhappy with her job.她给我的印象是她不满意自己的工作。 VNN I'm afraid you leave me no choice.恐怕你没给我留下选择的余地。 The war left her an orphan. The accide

56、nt left him with a limp跛行,蹒跚而行.leave小结1 leave“使/让(某人/某事物)处于某状态,听任”leave+sb/sth宾语+现在分词leave+sb/sth宾语+过去分词leave+sb宾语+to do sth目的状语离开后让某人做某事leave+sb/sth宾语+to do sth某种结果使然宾补2把交由某人负责(决定或选择)(1)leave sb to do sth (BrE)让某人决定或负责某事不定式作宾语补足语(2) leave it (up) to sb to do sth让某人做某事(3) leave doing sth to sb把某事交给某

57、人去做(1)-(3)之间可以转换(4)leave sth with sb把某事交由某人负责(照料,看管,处理,解决等)(5)leave sth to sb让某人选择(或决定)某事;把某事交由某人处理(解决等)二、二、keep 1处于某种状态;使/让处于某种状态;保持 2继续,一直(做某事);反复或不断地做(某事)含义1linking verb, transitive stay in a particular state, condition, position, or place without changing or moving, or make sb or sth do this; re

58、main or stay处于某状态; 使/让处于某状态;保持含义2intransitive+现在分词短语V -ing keep (on) doing sth- continue doing sth; do sth repeatedly or frequently; do (sth) continuously or again and again继续/一直(做某事);反复/不断地做(做某事)<>keep+adj./adv./介词短语/现在分词<>keep+sb/sth宾语+adj./adv./介词短语/现在分词/过去分词宾补<一>keep+adj./adv./介词短语/现在分词1L-ADJkeep+adj.表语keep fit/well/healthy保持健康keep calm/silent/still/sane保持镇定(冷静)/沉默/一动不