江苏省苏锡常镇四市2018届高三教学情况调研英语试题

1、江苏省苏锡常镇四市2018届高三教学情况调研（一）英语试题（解析版）回眸一笑萌死人，老师们求求你们看看我吧，轻松一下呗!2018年苏南一模依据江苏2018考试说明，参考现行牛津教材，结合现阶段学生复习的实际状况，从听、说、读、写、看等各个方面全方位地考察学生。根据最新颁布的普通高中英语课程标准，从语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力等角度来考察学生的应试能力。该试卷秉承了2017年高考试卷的特点，突出三大主题：科技发展、教育减负和文化素养，传递正能量，提高新素养。本套试题材料情景设置丰富多样，语篇选择贴近考生实际，试题设问层次分明，理顺了考试与教材的关系。单选、写作非常接近高考难度，阅读理解

2、难度略低于高考，形形难度高于高考，任务型易于高考。作文很接地气，写的是中国文化的输出，体现了对中国传统文化的重视。所以，总体上整套试卷难度与2017年高考难度基本契合，也就是说，这套试卷能够很好地、有效地检测目前阶段学生的真实英语水平。第一卷（选择题共85分）第一部分:?听力（共两节，满分20?分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5?小题;每小题1分，满分5?分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C?三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10?秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅

3、读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What?does?the?woman?think?of?the?restaurant?A.It?is?noisy.B.It?is?quiet.C.It?is?terrible.2. Whats?the?probable?lraetionship?between?the?two?speakers?A.Mother?and?child.B.Teacher?and?student.C.Husband?and?wife.3. What?does?the?woman?advise?the?man?to?do?C. Do?experiments?in?the?lab.

4、C. Too?much?medicine.A.See?her?favorite?band.B.Go?to?the?concert.4. What?most?probably?causes?the?womans?headache?A.Too?little?seep.B.The?strong?sunshine.5. What?does?the?man?mean?A. The?woman?can?use?his?glasses.B. The?dictionary?is?not?ofmuch?help.C. He?has?to?use?a?pair?ofglasses.第二节（共15?小题;?每小题1

5、分，满分15?分）听下面5?段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C?三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;?听完后，各小题将给出5?秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6?至7题。6. What?did?the?candidate?do?in?the?interview?A.She?showed?much?confidence.B.She?greeted?the?interviewer?with?nodding.C.She?made?eye?contact?with?the?int

6、erviewer.7. What?is?the?woman?dissatisfied?with?A.The?candidates?waysi?ttoinfg.8. The?candidates?way?of?shaking?h.ands9. The?candidates?way?of?introducing?her.self听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. Where?does?the?conversation?take?place?A.In?a?cinema.B.In?a?restaurant.C.9. What?did?the?speakersjust?do?A.They?had?an

7、?interview.B.They?metafunnywoman.C.10. What?do?we?know?about?the?man?A. He?is?not?interested?in?the?movie?actually.B. He?knows?why?he?hasnt?received?a?re.plyC. He?is?worried?about?the?chance?of?getting?ajob.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What?did?the?woman?first?think?when?someone?answered?the?call?A. The?per

8、son?was?too?rude.B. She?dialed?the?wrong?number.C. The?restaurant?was?professional.12. How?did?the?person?deal?with?the?womans?reservation?A. He?took?a?message.B. He?refused?her?impolitely.C. He?asked?her?not?to?ring?again.13. What?did?the?woman?decide?to?do?finally?A. Ring?another?restaurant.B. Cal

9、l?back?the?restaurant?later.C. Make?a?complaint?about?the?restaurant.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. Why?does?the?man?go?to?Hong?Kong?A.To?travel.B.To?work.C.15. What?does?the?woman?remind?the?man?to?do?A. Get?a?work?permit?upon?his?arrival.B. Buy?guide?books?before?leaving.In?an?office.They saw a movie.To?stu

10、dy.C. Pay?attention?to?his?clothes?at?work.16. What?can?we?learn?from?the?conversation?A. The?man?must?pay?for?the?local?language?lessons.B. The?man?has?taken?some?passport?photos?at?a?low?price.C. One?week?is?enough?for?the?man?to?find?a?place?to?live?in.听第10段材料，回答第17?至20?题。17. Whatwastheold?mandoi

11、ngnearthe?river?A. Seeking?some?help.B. Appreciating?a?snow?statue.C. Waiting?for?a?horseman?he?knew.18. What?was?the?last?rider?puzzled?about?A. Why?the?old?man?was?staying?there?alone.B. Why?the?old?man?asked?him?instead?ofthe?others.C. Why?the?old?man?was?watching?horsemen?approaching.19. What?do

12、?we?know?about?the?other?riders?A. They?were?kind?and?gentle.B. They?gave?the?old?man?a?ride.C. They?passed?by?without?stopping.20. What?does?the?passage?mainly?talk?about?A. A?horseman?who?lives?nearby.B. Riders?who?passed?by?on?a?cold?night.C. An?old?man?who?knows?people?pretty?good.答案：1-5BCCBC6-1

13、0BABCC11-15BBABC16-20CABCC第二部分：？英语知识运用（共两节，满分35?分）第一节：?单项选择（共15?小题;？每小题1分，满分15?分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D?四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。21. Everygreataccomplishmentrestsontheofwhatcamebeforeit;whenyoutraceitback,you'llseeonesmallstepthatstarteditall.with some heavy smokers.A.reputationB.expectationC.r

14、ecreationD.foundation22. Ourcountryhaslaunchedacampaigntobansmokinginpublicplaces,whichA. concernsB. was concernedC. concernedD. is concerned23. TheLifelongLearningProgrammetoenablepeopletotakepartinlearningexperienceshastakenoffacrossEurope.A.havingbeendesignedB.beingdesignedC.designedD.designing24

15、. Newlyreleaseddatapointtoanincreaseintechnologyuseamongchildrensomeworryischangingtheverynatureofchildhood.A.whyB.whichC.whoD.where25. Cellsareimportantbecausetheyareorganizedstructuresthathelplivingthingtheactivitiesoflife.A. carry onB.expand onC. put onD. hang on26. youcanlearntoappreciatethechal

16、lengesinlife,youwillfindinnerstrength.A. WhenB. WhileD. UnlessC. Before27. -DoyoulikethemobilegameTravelingFrog?-Yes,thepostsaboutthevirtualgreenfrogover4milliontimes.A. have readB. have been readC. would be readD. are reading28. The world s leading thinkers and policymakers examine what，thecoase ye

17、art iandwhatwilldefinetheyearahead,A. evaluateB. innovateC. anticipateD. regulate29. Aproblemhasoccurredweshoulddevelopinnovativethinkingabilitiesintheclassroomsbygivingstudentsopportunitiestogeneratenewideas.A.whatB.whereC.whetherD.that30. Althoughvaluesmaybe,it'shelpfultosharethemwithyopartner

18、foradditionalsupport.A.terminalB.personalC.crucialD.practical31. Thereaslightdecreaseinhisweightbutheeatstoomuch.A.wasB.couldhavebeenC.hadbeenD.couldbe32. Wereallyemphasizetheimportanceofputtingsafeguardstopreventchildrenidentitiesfromfallinginwrongpeople'shandsA.inplaceB.invainC.inquestionD.ine

19、arnest33. -Couldyoupassmethesugar,please?-OK,A. never mindB. sounds greatC. here you goD. there it is34. Wewon'tthinkofhumanclonesandanyreasontosuggestthatweareclosertoproducingthemtodaythanwewereyesterday.A.neitherthereisB.neithertherewasC.noristhereD.norwasthere35. -Ifeelcaughtbetweenexperienc

20、eandjobsaftergraduation.-It'sreallywithoutexperienceyoucan'tgetajobandwithoutacjabyougetexperienceA.acatch-22B.aHerculeantaskC.asacredcowD.aMickeyMousecourse答案：21-25DDCBA26-30ABCCB31-35DACCA详细解析：第21题：考查名词词义辨析。A名声，B期望，C娱乐，D基础。根据句意可知，此处表达的是每一项伟大的成就都依赖于之前所有的根基；故选Do第22题：考查固定搭配。句意：我们国家已经推行了一项在公共场

21、所禁烟的运动，这关系到了很多烟民。Beconcernedwith与有关，故选D。第23题：考查动词语态。根据句意：这个旨在帮助人们参与到学习中的终身学习计划已经在全欧洲取得重大成功。在这里，designed过去分词做后置定语修饰programme,故选C。第24题：考查定语从句。Someworry为插入语可略去不看，which指物指代anincreaseintechnologyuseamongchildren这个现象；故选B。第25题：考查动词短语。A进行，B拓展，C穿上，D坚持，根据句意：细胞是十分重要的因为它们是帮助生物进行生命活动的组织器官；故选Ao第26题：考查连词用法。When作连词

22、时可等于if,所以句意为：如果你能学着去感激生活中的挑战，你就会发现其中的内在力量；故选Ao第27题：考查动词语态。句意：一一你喜爱旅行青蛙这款手机游戏嘛？一一喜欢，关于这个虚拟青蛙的帖子已经有了超过四百万的阅读量了。根据句意应该表示为已经被阅读了，故选Bo第28题：考查词义辨析。A评估，B创新，C参加，D规范，根据句意可知，此处表达的应是预计什么东西决定着明年（的状况）；故选Co第29题：考查连词。句意：一个关于我们是否应该培养学生创新能力的问题已经出现了。根据句意此处应表不是否，故选Co第30题：考查形容词词义辨析。A极限的，B个人的，C重要的，D实际的，句意：尽管价值可能是非常私人的，但

23、是把它和你的朋友分享来获得额外支持是也是非常有帮助的；故选Bo第31题：考查虚拟语气。句意：他的体重本来可以减轻不少的但他吃的太多了。根据后文的eats可确定主句时态为现在时，故虚拟用couldbe表示，本可能，选D。第32题：考查介词短语。A到位，B徒劳，C在考虑中的，D诚挚的，根据句意，把防护措施摆放到位，故选A。第33题：考查情景交际。句意：麻烦给我一点糖行吗？好的，给你。C中hereyougo口语中常用,等于hereyouare意为"给你"，故选C。第34题：考查语序。A和B未倒装，直接排除，根据句意应为现在时，故选Co第35题：考查俗语谚语。A自相矛盾的事情，B极

24、为艰巨的任务，C神圣的东西，D非常简单的活。根据句意可知，这确实以一个难以抉择的事情，故选A。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Likemanyperfectionists,Itrulybelievedthatself-sufficiencywasavirtue.And36my.brainwassogoodatfindingwhatitwaslookingfor,Inoticedeverysingletimethatideagotproved37,andsoIalwaysh

25、adlotsof38forwhyitreallywasbetterifIjusthandledeverythingmyself.Thiskindofthinking,friends,wasthe39indisguise（伪装）.Myself-reliancecameinhandywhenIwasakidintheseventiesandinadulthoodwhenIwasanindependent40Then,inthefirstyearsof41theOrganizedArtistCompany,Ifoundmyself42everythingIcouldaboutwebsites,cop

26、ywriting,graphicdesign,etc.Laterwheneveroneofmybusinessfriends43abouthowherwebsitewasbeingheldhostage（人质）byherdesigner,I44felttoosatisfied.45ifmistakesweremadeinmybusiness,theywereallmine.Nowthiswaswheremyfalse46showedupinnotwantingotherstoknowImademistakes.IfIhadotherpeople47me,theywouldseemyerrors

27、and48.Workingalone,Icouldkeepupaprettygooddisplayof49ButastheOrganizedArtistCompanybecameincreasingly50,IrealizedIwasdoingharmtothepeopleIwastryingtoservebyattemptingtodoeverythingmyself.Iwas51_mygrowthandthedepthofmywork.Ihadbuiltabusinesswithmyowntwohands,andI52_withabusinessthatIcouldholdinmyownt

28、wohands.Cozy,53limitedinscope（范围）.OnceIwaswillingtocontrolmyego（自负）andadmitthatmyvisionofself-sufficiencywasa54_mybusinesstookaremarkableleapforward,andrevenue55.Littlechange,bigdifference.36. A.whileB.sinceC.beforeD.until37. A.clearB.mistakenC.roughD.right38. A. evidenceB. experienceC. suggestionD.

29、 confidence39.A.magicB.devilC.sheepD.heaven40.A.workerB.perfectionistC.writerD.artist41.A.runningB.owningC.foundingD.establishing42.A.losingB.quittingC.learningD.possessing43.A.communicatedB.commentedC.compromisedD.complained44.A.doubtfullyB.seriouslyC.secretlyD.strangely45.A.AtmostB.AtlastC.Atlengt

30、hD.Atleast46.A.eleganceB.prideC.anxietyD.annoyance47.A.helpingB.persuadingC.criticizingD.ignoring48.A.statementsB.misjudgmentsC.argumentsD.agreements49.A.inspirationB.imaginationC.excellenceD.patience50.A.difficultB.successfulC.boringD.relaxing51.A.limitingB.designingC.creatingD.promoting52.A.camedo

31、wnB.gotawayC.endedupD.cameup53.A.butB.orC.soD.and54.A.dreamB.virtueC.conceptD.trap55.A.shrankB.doubledC.droppedD.stayed答案：36-40BDABD41-45ACDCD46-50BABCB51-55ACADB详细解析：第36题根据句意，此处表达的是自从我的大脑已经好到可以明白它到底在追寻什么的时候，选since自从。第37题根据上文的self-sufficiency和sogoodat作者表达自己十分自信，四个选项中只有right可以表达这种情感，故选D。第38题“所以我总是会有很

32、多证据来证明如果我自己干我会干的更好”，根据后文的why易得选evidence。第39题friends为插入语，作者在告诉读者这种想法是十分不好的，是伪装中最坏的一种，四个选项中只有devil为贬，故易得B。第40题往下看，下一句，作者创办艺术公司，前后呼应，可知作者自己也是一名独立艺术家，故选D。第41题“当我自己在经营一家艺术公司的时候”，run运营，经营。第42题根据上文，作者是一个喜欢单干的人，所以在他运营一家艺术公司的时候，他开始学着去做各种各样的事情，learning学着去做，其他三个选项都不符合语境。第43题根据上文，此处应该为抱怨，故填complained，选D。第44题作者此

33、时私下里觉得太满足了，故填secretly，选C。第45题A至多，B最终，C充分的，D至少，“至少我工作上所有出现的错误都可以由我一人来承担（他人不用知道）”，根据作者情感选D。第46题作者开始反省自己，发现自己当时的错误的骄傲，pride，故选B。第47题作者想的是，如果其他人帮我的话，他们就会看到我失误以及判断错误，但是如果我单干的话，我就可以假装自己干得非常好。Helping帮助，选A。第48题见47解析，misjudgment判断失误。第49题见47解析，excellence优秀，卓越。第50题句意“但是当我的艺术公司办的越来越成功的时候，我发觉我这样单干其实是对那些我服务的人的伤害，

34、我这样其实是限制了我自己的发展和我工作的深度”，50题肯定是个褒义词，表示公司越办越好，successful成功，选B。第51题见50题解析，limit限制，选A。第52题根据句意，作者通过自己的双手创办了一家公司，但是因为一直是自己单干不去寻求他人的帮助，所以这个公司的最终也做不大，Icouldholdinmyownhands是形象的说法，endup以告终，选C。第53题根据上文，尽管舒适，但也被限制。But表示前后转折，选A。第54题作者在反省自己的自以为是，根据文章主旨应该填一个贬义词来修饰self-sufficiency，四个选项中只有trap为贬义，故选D。第55题与前面半句话tak

35、earemarkableleapforward进行对应，故此空填double，事业路途加长，故选B。【附完形全文翻译】和许多完美主义者一样，我真的认为自给自足是一种美德。而且由于我的大脑是如此的善于找到它正在寻找的东西，我注意到每一个想法都被证明是正确的，所以我总是有大量的证据来解释为什么如果我自己处理所有的事情，它真的会更好。这种想法，朋友啊，原来是伪装的魔鬼。在70年代和成年时，我是一个独立的艺术家，我的自立就派上用场了。然后，在开办有组织的艺术家公司的头几年里，我发现我自己在学习任何关于网站、文案、平面设计等方面的知识。后来，每当我的一个商业上的朋友抱怨她的网站是如何被她的设计师劫持的，

36、我暗自觉得太满足了。至少如果我的生意犯了错误，他们都是我的。这就是我的虚假骄傲出现的地方我不想让别人知道我犯了错误。如果我让别人帮助我，他们会看到我独自工作，我可以保持优秀的表现。但是随着有组织的艺术家公司变得越来越成功，我意识到自己凡事都亲历亲为反而对那些我想去服务的人造成了伤害。我限制了自己的成长和工作的深度。我曾经用双手建立了自己的生意，最后拥有了一个自己的双手能掌控的生意。舒适，但范围有限。一旦我愿意控制我的自负，承认我自给自足的愿景是一个陷阱，我的事业取得了显着的飞跃，收入增加了一倍。结果变化不大，差别很大。第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文,

37、从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最彳t选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AELECTRICITYISATTHECOREOFMODERNLIFE.DESPITETHIS,THEFULLSTORYOFTHISREVOLUTIONARYFORCEHASREMAINEDUNTOLDUNTILNOW.even* r* cw it，SimplyElectrifyingoffersthecomprehensivestoryofoneofmankind'smostimportantjourneys:fromaimewhenonlyafewcouldimagineaworldwithelec

38、tricitytotodaywhen,formostofus,aworldwithoutelectricitywouldbeunimaginable.Sincethebirthofthemodernscienceofelectricity265yearsago,mankindhasbuiltanimpressivestructuretoproduce,deliver,anduseelectricity,thankstoacombinationofpioneeringscience,innovativetechnology,wisebusinessstrategy,andpervasive（至U

39、处存在的）economicandenvironmentalregulation.SimplyElectrifyingbringstolifethestoriesofthepeoplethatmadeitallpossiblefromearlypathfinderslikeBenjaminFranklin,MichaelFaraday,JamesClerkMaxwell,andAlbertEinsteintoinnovatorssuchasSamuelMorse,ThomasEdison,GeorgeWestinghouse,andNikolaTesla.Inmoderntimes,busine

40、ssstrategistsandeconomicandenvironmentalregulationdrivenbymany,includingPresidentFranklinD.Roosevelt,RachelCarson,andevenPresidentBarackObama,haveshapedhowweuseandunderstandelectricityincrucialways.Today,ElonMuskandothersareontheedgeofagainchangingthewaywethinkaboutandinteractwithit.SimplyElectrifyi

41、ngispainstakinglyresearchedandbeautifullywritten,showingushowbothprofit-makersandpolicy-makersmustuseawide-anglelenstotrulyunderstandthepastandpredictthefuture.56. Accordingtothepassage,thebookSimplyElectrifyingiswrittentotellus.A. pioneeringscienceofelectricityB. significantjourneysofelectricityC.

42、thepeoplewhoinventedelectricityD. theresearchwhichwasaboutelectricity57. WhyisPresidentBarackObamamentionedinthebookSimplyElectrifying?A. Becauseapolicy-makerisusuallyatopdogthatcanarousethereaders.'interestB. Becauseapolicy-makercanhelppromotethebetteruseofelectricity.C. Becausepolicy-makerscan

43、decidethefutureoftheuseofelectricityonthemarket.D. Becausepolicy-makerscantakecontroloftheeconomythroughelectricity.答案：56-57BB解析：第56题：B广告信息类文章，首段信息为文章主旨。定位第一段最后一句"formostofus,aworldwithoutelectricitywouldbeunimaginable”可见电力在世界上的重要性。第57题：B根据第三段“andevenPresidentBarackObama,haveshapedhowweuseandun

44、derstandelectricityincrucialways”可知通过引用奥巴马的例子来强调如何运用和理解电力是至关重要的，故这本书可以帮助人们更好地运用电力。记住，例子本身不能说明自己，而是要论证它想论证的核心道理！BAscountlessunmadebedsandunfinishedhomeworkassignmentsprove,kidsneedrules.Yethowparentsmakedemandscanpowerfullyinfluenceachild'ssociapsydHsologistsattheUniversityofVirginiarecentlyfound

45、aftertheconclusionofastudyinvestigatingthetransitionfromadolescencetoadulthood.Initially18413-year-oldsfilledoutmultiplesurveys,includingonetoassesshowoftentheirparentsemployedpsychologicallycontrollingstrategies,suchasinducingguiltorthreateningtowithdrawaffection.Thekidsrated,forexample,howtypicali

46、twouldbeforDadtosuggestthat“ifreallycaredforhim,Iwouldnotdothingsthatcausedhimtoworry"orforMomtobecom&essfriendlywhenIdidnotseethingsherway.”Theresearchersfollowedupwiththesubjectsatages18and21,askingtheyoungadultstobringalongaclosefriendand,later,aromanticpartneriftheyhadone.Thesepairswere

47、askedtoanswerhypothetical（彳所设的）We wanted to see whether they couldquestionsthatwerepurposefullywrittentoinspireadifferenceofopinion.navigateadisagreementinahealthyway,“saysstudyleaderBarbaraOudekerk,nowattheU.S.DepartmentofJustice'sbureastotistics.IntheOctoberissueofChildDevelopment,Oudekerkandh

48、ercolleaguesreportthatthe13-year-oldswhohadhighlycontrollingparentsstruggledinfriendlydisagreementsatage18.Theyhaddifficultystatingtheiropinionsinaconfident,reasonedmannerincomparisontothekidswithoutcontrollingparents.Andwhentheydidspeakup,theyoftenfailedtoexpressthemselvesinwarmandproductiveways.Th

49、eresearcherssuspectthatpushyparentsruintheirchild'abilitytolearnhowtoarguehisorherownviewpointinotherrelationships.Althoughparentsdoneedtosetboundaries,domineeringstrategiesimplythatanydisagreementwilldamagethebonditself.Separatefindingssuggestthatparentswhoexplainthereasonsbehindtheirrulesandtu

50、rndisagreementsintoconversationsleaveyoungstersbetterpreparedforfuturearguments.Theconsequencesoftenseordomineeringrelationshipsappeartogetworsewithtime.Thisstudyalsofoundthatsocialdifficultiesat18predictedevenpoorercommunicationabilitiesatage21.PsychologistShmuelShulmanofBar-IlanUniversityinIsrael,

51、whodidnotparticipateinthework,thinkstheseconclusionsconvincinglyrevealhowrelationshippatterns“carryforwardinto"newfriendships.58. Whatwillhappentotheteenagerswithpushyparents?A. Theylosesocialskills.B. Theyhavetroublepresentingopinions.C. Theyexpressthemselvesinanaggressiveway.D. Theyfailtoinsp

52、ireadifferenceofopinion.59. Whatdoestheunderlinedword“domineering"inParagraph5mean?A. alternativeB. conservativeC. powerfulD. forceful60. Itcanbeinferredfromthefindingsthatparentsshould.A. communicatewithchildrenwhensettingrulesB. learnnewwaystoestablishnewfriendshipsC. seekmorecontrollingstrat

53、egiesD. helpchildrendevelopabilitiestofollowrules答案：58-60BDA解析：第58题：B第五段首句“Theresearcherssuspectthatpushyparentsruintheirchildsabilitytolearnhowtoarguehisorherownviewpointinotherrelationships”以及第四段“Theyhaddifficultystatingtheiropinionsinaconfident,reasonedmannerincomparisontothekidswithoutcontrollin

54、gparents”可知pushyparents的孩子是在表达观点上有困难的。第59题：D本题考察词义理解和句意理解，A项alternative是替代的，B项conservative保守的，powerful强大的，forceful强有力的，强劲的。联系横线所在句“Althoughparentsdoneedtosetboundaries，domineeringstrategiesimplythatanydisagreementwilldamagethebonditself”可知父母制定的界限和策略会使得任何分歧损害纽带本身，因此可排除A,B。C项powerful是褒义词，而根据本文controll

55、ingparents给孩子带来的坏影响，可至此处是贬义，故选D,而且forceful这个词能够和pushy这个强势的词形成“特殊人物发出来的动作要和其身份相吻合”。第60题：A根据第五段“Separatefindingssuggestthatparentswhoexplainthereasonsbehindtheirrulesandturndisagreementsintoconversationsleaveyoungstersbetterpreparedforfuturearguments.”可知研究表明，父母解释规则背后的原因并将分歧转化为交谈，会使年轻人更好地为未来的争论做好准备。故本题

56、选A。CExposinglivingtissuetosubfreezingtemperaturesforlongcancausepermanentdamage.Microscopicicecrystals（结晶体）cutcellsandseizemoisture（潮气）,makingdonororgansunsuitablefortransplantation.Thus,organscanbemadecoldforonlyafewhoursaheadofaprocedure.Butasetoflastingnewantifreezecompounds（化合物）similartothosefou

57、ndinparticularlyhardy（耐寒的）animalscouldlengthenorganss.helflifeScientistsattheUniversityofWarwickinEnglandwereinspiredbyproteinsinsomespeciesofArcticfish,woodfrogsandotherorganismsthatpreventbloodfromfreezing,allowingthemtoflourishinextremecold.Previousresearchhadshownthesenaturalantifreezemolecules（分子）couldpreserveratheartsatdegreesCelsiusforupto24hours.Buttheseproteinsareexpensivetoextract（提取）