高中英语人教版必修四教学案：Unit2Section3含答案

1、动词-ing形式作主语和宾语语法初识高中英语原句感知自主探究 Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. However, he doesn't care ab

2、out being famous. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading .© Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him . Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing . He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind o

3、f rice that could feed more people . Mary's being late for class made her teacher angry. It is no use arguing with him about such a matter .动词-ing（短语）（加黑部 分）在句中可作主语（句、 、）；可作动词 的宾语（句）；作介词（短语） 的宾语（句、）。 （2）动词-ing的复合结构作匚 适（句）。（3）it作形式上语，而动词 -ing（短语）作真正的主语（句 ）。语法剖析语法点一基本用法动词-ing形式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足

4、语和状语。其基本形式如下:及物动词（do）不及物动词（go）主动语态主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeing donegoing完成式having donehaving been donehaving goneBeing exposed to the sunfor a long time will do harm to your skin暴露在太阳下太长的时间会伤害你的皮肤。He enjoys walking in the field in a summer morning .他喜欢在夏日的早上在田间漫步。点津（1）非谓语动词-ing形式的一般式常表示该动作与句子谓语动作同时发生，而动词-i

5、ng形式的完成式则表示该动作发生在谓语动作之前。（2）非谓语动词-ing形式若与其逻辑主语之间为被动关系时，需用被动语态；而不及物动词的非谓语形式无被动语态，但可有完成形式。（3）非谓语动词-ing形式的否定式通常是在其前加not,带有逻辑主语时not应放在逻辑主语和动词-ing形式之间。即时演练11-1.写出下列句中的动词-ing（短语）所充当的成分 Playing with fire is dangerous. 主语Would you mind opening the window?宾语 Having finished his paper, he handed it to his tuto

6、r. 状语When he walked past the playground, he saw some boys playing football happily .宾语补足语1 2.单句改错 Excuse me for not my coming on time .把not放于my后 I'm sorry for having not kept my promise .having not fnot having(一)动词-ing形式作主语1 .动词-ing形式作主语时，多表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词多用单数形式Laughing often will benefit you a

7、 lot .笑口常开好处多多。Having lived abroad for a long time makes him homesick .在国外生活了很久令他想家。点津意义不同的两个动词-ing形式并列作主语时，谓语动词需用复数形式Writing and reading are her two hobbies.写文章及读书是她的两个爱好。2 .形式主语it代替动词-ing形式作主语(1)It is + adj. + doing sth.It is/feels funny doing sth .做某事(感觉)很滑稽It is useless doing sth. 做某事无用It's

8、worthwhile doing sth .做某事是值得的(2)It is a waste of + n. + doing sth.It's a waste of time doing sth .做某事是浪费时间(3)It is no+n. + doing sth .It's no good/no use/no fun doing sth .做某事没好处/没用/没意思(4)There be + no+ doing (joking/knowing.)It is useless making such efforts.做这样的努力是没用的。It is a waste of time

9、 doing such work.做这样的工作是浪费时间。It is no good saying such words.说那样的话没有好处。There is no knowing how the project will be carried out .不知道这个工程将如何实施。即时演练22-1.用所给动词的适当形式填空 It is a waste of time trying (try) to persuade him to give up smoking . H is worthwhile reading/to read such a wonderful novel . It's

10、 no use complaining (complain) without taking action .There is no denying (deny) that the environment is from bad to worse .2-2,完成句子 Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language .大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。 Wasting a person's -time is the same as killing him for his property .浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。(二)动词-ing形式作

11、宾语1 .在 admit, avoid, consider (考虑),enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine, mind, miss, practise, suggest, delay, appreciate等动词之后只能用动词 -ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式He finally admitted having made such a mistake.他终于承认犯了那样的错误。The little girl practises playing the piano every day.女孩每天练习弹钢琴。2 . 在动词短语 give up, feel li

12、ke, put off, get to ( 着手),object to, look forward to, devote oneself to, can't help(禁不住),can't bear/stand等之后用动词-ing形式作宾语I'm looking forward to hearing from you.我盼望着收到你的来信。He devotes himself to looking into the matter.他致力于调查这起事件的真相。助记接动词-ing作宾语的及物动词(短语)：建议考虑坚持练(suggest, advise, consider,

13、insist on, practise)允许想象弃冒险(permit, allow, imagine, give up, risk)阻止抵抗否逃脱(prevent, resist, deny, escape)不禁介意保持完(can't help, mind, keep, finish)耽误推迟求原谅(delay, put off, require, forgive, excuse)承认错过欣喜欢(admit, miss, appreciate, enjoy)即时演练33-1.用所给动词的适当形式填空 I often practise listening (listen) and spe

14、aking (speak).The boy was lucky to escape being punished (punish).3-2,完成句子 It is useful for someone who is trying to give up smoking .这对于正在试图戒烟的人来说很有用。 I have never dreamed of visiting that place .我从未梦想过要参观那个地方。 It's quite hot today . Do you feel like going for a swim?今天很热。你愿意去游泳吗？语法点二动词-ing形式作宾

15、语时，需要注意的问题（一）某些动词及动词短语后面既可以用不定式也可以用动词-ing作宾语1 .动词begin, start, continue等后既可跟不定式，又可跟动词-ing作宾语，意义基本相IThey continued reading/to read .他们继续朗读。2 .动词love, like, hate, prefer等后可跟动词-ing和不定式作宾语，但接动名词表示经常 性的情况，接不定式表示具体的动作I hate walking in such a rainy day .（习惯）我不喜欢在这样的雨天里散步。I hate to trouble you .（动作）我真不愿麻烦你。

16、3 . 一些动词后既可跟动词-ing作宾语，又可跟不定式作宾语，但意义有很大差别go on doing sth.继续做同一件事go on to do sth.接着做另一件事stop doing sth.停止做某事©top to do sth.停下来专做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 forget to do sth.忘记要做某事try doing sth.试着做某事 try to do sth.试图做某事remember doing sth.记得做过某事remember to do sth.记住要做某事regret doing sth.后悔做了 某事=regre

17、t to do sth.很遗憾要做某事mean to do sth.打算做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事I remembered locking the door.（记着事情做了 我记着锁门了。When you leave the house, please remember to lock the door.（记着去做）离开家时，记得锁门。4.在 need, want, require, demand, deserve等后用动词 -ing 的主动形式表示被动, need/want/require/demand/deserve doing = need/want/require

18、/demand/deserve to be doneThe cottage needs repairing=The cottage needs to be repaired.这所农舍需要修理。The letter demands answering at once.=The letter demands to be answered at once.需要立刻回复这封信。即时演练44-1.用所给动词的适当形式填空 He likes swimming but he doesn't like to swim this afternoon . （swim） He usually prefers

19、 staying in the house when it rains, but this time he prefers to_go_（go） out.42.单句改错 I mean to changing it for another one . changingfchange（安徽高考改编 ）I remembered locking the door before I left the office, but forgot turning off the lights .locking f to_lock;_turning f to_turn43. 一句多译这位员工值得表扬。（deserv

20、e）The_worker_deserved_praising .=The worker deserved to be praised.这个窗户需要清扫了。The_window_needs/requires/wants_cleaning .=The window needs/requires/wantsto_ be cleaned .（二）动词-ing形式作宾语时，省掉介词的情况花费做某事归纳拓展spend . （in） doing sth .have difficulty/trouble (in) doing . 做有困难 /麻烦stop/prevent . (from)doing 阻止做某事

21、waste time (in) doing 浪费时间做某事be busy (in) doing 忙于做某事have a good/hard time (in) doing sth . 做某事很高兴 /费了很大劲He is usually busy (in) managing his shop.他通常忙于经营商启。即时演练5用所给动词的适当形式填空Yesterday, I had difficulty/trouble in hunting (hunt) for some important information on the Internet.We all had a good time st

22、aying (stay) at your home . He usually spends his free time developing (develop) his own hobby .My dear child, don't waste too much time just playing (play) around .语法点三动词-ing的复合结构1 .动词-ing的复合结构作主语动词-ing的复合结构作主语时的两种形式(1)形容词性物主代词+动词-ing(2)名词(有生命白物体)'s+动词-ingHis being late again made his boss

23、very angry.他又一次迟到令他的老板很生气。Jane's being carelesscaused so much trouble.简这么粗心惹来了不少麻烦。2 .动名词的复合结构作宾语动词-ing的复合结构作宾语时的四种形式(1)形容词性物主代词+动词-ing(2)代词宾格+动词-ing(3)名词+动词-ing(4)名词(有生命白物体)'s或名词(有生命的物体)+动词-ingHe made an apology for his/him telling lies to the public .他因向公众撒谎而道歉。Outside the classroom, we co

24、uld hear the noise of the desks being opened and closed在教室外，我们能够听到课桌被打开及关闭的声音。The chairman of the meeting was angry at John's/John being absent from the meeting.会议主席因约翰的缺席而生气。点津(1)动词-ing形式的否定形式：not置于动词-ing形式结构之前，即：not doing .(2)能够在句中充当主语和宾语的动词-ing形式又可称之为“动名词”(3)动词-ing的复合结构(也可称之为动名词的复合结构)的否定形式为：形

25、容词性的物主代词/宾格/名词/名词所有格+ not doing .(4)动词-ing的复合结构中的“形容词性的物主代词/宾格/名词”与动词-ing之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系Jerry's not arriving on time made people present angry.杰瑞未能按时到达令在场的人很生气。Not knowing what has happened to his daughter makes the father upset.不知道女儿发生了什么使得这位父亲很是不安。即时演练6用动名词的复合结构完成句子 His father's being ill mad

26、e him worried .他父亲病了，使他很担心。 We are looking forward to Jay_Chou's coming to give us a concert我们盼望着周杰伦来给我们举赤二场演唱会二 Her_coming_to_help encouraged all of us .她兼而忙鼓舞后诵而后人。The baby was made awake by the_door_suddenly_shutting .这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。一一'一语法 巩做真题锁定考查方向做典题提升语法水平链接高考用所给动词的适当形式填空1. (2016 全国卷 I

27、 )My ambassadorial duties will include introducing (introduce) British visitors to the 120- plus pandas at Chengdu .2. (2016 浙江高考书面表达 )Planning (plan) is good as it decides in detail how we do what we want to do .3. (2015 陕西高考)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went

28、 on to thank (thank) all the people who had helped in her career .4. (2015 安徽高考 )Ignoring (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make .5. (2014 d匕京高考 )The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without being recognized (reco

29、gnize).6. (2014 湖南高考 Understanding (understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions .7. (2014 江西高考 )When it comes to speaking (speak) in public, no one can match him .8. (2013 福建高考)Knowing (know)basic first- aid techniques will

30、 help you respond quickly to emergencies.9. (2012 湖南高考 )We've had a good start, but next, more work needs to_be_done/doing (do) to achieve the final success.10. (2012 福建高考 )China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from being attacked(

31、attack) in the South China Sea .针对演练I .用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Everybody stopped talking (talk) as soon as the old expert began his speech .2. I have no trouble persuading (persuade) him to change his mind .3. It's no good making (make) an excuse for this .4. People appreciate working (work) with him bec

32、ause he has a good sense of humor .5. Putting/To_put (put) on more clothes is not so good .6. These flowers need watering/to_be_watered (water).7. He got well- prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk losing (lose) the good opportunity .8. Being_invited (invite) to the party was a great honour to the family .9. I can not imagine the boy speaking (speak) so rudely to his parents .10. Meeting (meet) you has been a great pleasure.n .完成句子1. This book is worth reading_again .这本书值得再读一次。一2. We must try to av