焦炉砌筑规程(英汉版)

1、N Desenhos RefernciaTtulo de Referncia焦炉砌筑规程COKE OVEN BRICKLAYING REGULATIONS设 计 人DESED.BY校 对 人CHKED.BY专 业DEPT.炉 体Coke Oven. pro.阶 段STAGE详细设计Detail.Des.设计经理DES.MGR.EDCBA30/12/05LIYOUJUNYANGJUNFENGRevisoDataDescriptionContratadaNomeContratadaAprovadoGERDAU AOMINAS AprovadoSub.Contratada:Nmero:Verific

2、ado:Aprovado:Contratada:Nmero:421EL13065Verificado:SUNBINGXIAAprovado:ZHANGCHANGQINGVerificado:Aprovado:Ttulo do Desenho:BATTERYREFRACTORYCOKE OVEN BRICKLAYING REGULATIONSData:30/12/05Nmero: Pgina: Reviso:FormatoA42A02A02-E-1001-001A-NOME CONTRATADA目 录Contens目 录2CONTENTS2说明4Descriptions4第一章 总 则5Chap

3、ter 1 General5第二章 耐火材料的验收、装卸、运输和保管6Chapter 2 Refractory Acceptance, Loading and Unloading, Transportation and Storage6第三章 泥浆7Chapter 3 Mortar7第四章 予砌筑8Chapter 4 Pre-assembly8第五章 焦炉基础与抵抗墙10Chapter 5 Coke Oven Foundation and Buttress wall10第六章 中心线、标高的设置、测量与检查11Chapter 6 Central Line and Elevation Setup

4、 Measurement and Check11第七章 砌砖允许误差12Chapter 7 Tolerance for Bricklaying12第八章 砌砖的一般规定16Chapter 8 General regulation of coke oven bricklaying16第九章 蓄热室砌筑19Chapter 9 Bricklaying of regenerator19第十章 斜道砌筑22Chapter 10 Bricklaying of corbel zone22第十一章 炭化室区域砌筑23Chapter 11 Bricklaying of Coking Chamber Area23

5、第十二章 炉顶砌筑25Chapter 12 Bricklaying of Oven Top25第十三章 烘炉前后工作26Chapter 13 Jobs Before and After Heating up Coke Oven26第十四章 工程验收资料27Chapter 14 Acceptance Documents of Project27说明Descriptions1. 本规程用于巴西ACOMINAS焦化工程中，作为焦炉炉体施工、质量检查验收的依据。The regulations can be used as the basis for the construction quality e

6、xamination and acceptance during the construction of coke ovens for ACOMINAS project in Brazil.2 .焦炉施工过程中由业主（会同有关单位）组成焦炉砌筑质量检查验收组，执行逐层质量检查，逐日合格验收工作，未经合格验收部分不得继续施工。During the coke oven construction, the owner (together with the relative units) forms a coke oven bricklaying quality examination group t

7、o carry out quality examination and daily acceptance step by step. If the bricklaying is not qualified, this part of work can not be continued.3. 由设计、生产、施工等单位组成焦炉施工综合小组，负责处理和解决施工过程中质量方面的有关事宜。comprehensive construction group composed of the units of design, owner and construction etc. takes charge of

8、 handling and solving the matters relating to quality during the construction.第一章 总 则Chapter 1 General1.1本规程适用于JN60型焦炉的砌筑。The regulations are applicable to the bricklaying of JN60-type coke oven.1.2焦炉砌筑应严格按施工图进行，焦炉各区域采用的耐火材料应符合设计和现行标准的规定。The bricklaying of coke ovens is carried out strictly accordin

9、g to drawings, the refractories used for the various areas of coke ovens should conform to the stipulations of design and current material standards.1.3焦炉施工过程中发生材料代用，变更等事宜，及重大质量问题需要处理时，必须先取得设计和业主等有关单位同意并签发设计修改通知单后方准施工。If material substitution occurs, or design changes are made. the important quality

10、 problem need to be solved during coke oven construction, the construction work can only be started after the design and units concerned including the owner have agreed and the design notification modification.1.4为了制定烘炉曲线，应分别从各砌砖区（燃烧室、斜道、蓄热室）用量大的砖号中选取相同的两组砖样，其中一组砖样用于测定热膨胀曲线，另一组砖样备查。试样的测定应在烘炉前结束。Two

11、groups of sample bricks are selected from the same bricks used in large amount in the various bricklaying areas (combustion chamber, connecting duct and regenerator) to determine the heat-up curve. One group of the sample bricks is used for measurement of the thermal expansion curve and the other gr

12、oup of sample bricks for spare examination. The test results of the sample bricks must be available before the heat-up of coke ovens is determined.1.5砌筑焦炉在工作棚内进行，工作棚净空尺寸除应满足炉体施工外还应满足安装作业平台和护炉设备。The bricklaying of coke ovens is carried out in the working shed. The net space dimensions of the shed sho

13、uld not only meet the requirements of the coke oven battery proper, but also the requirements of hoisting and erecting the operation platform and oven bracing and closure system.1.6焦炉砌体在烘炉前应防潮防冻。Moisture and frozen prevention measures should be taken for the coke oven proper before the heat-up of co

14、ke ovens.1.7必须具备下列条件时，才允许开始砌筑焦炉。The bricklaying of coke ovens can be started only the following conditions are provided.1.7.1砌筑蓄热室和斜道用耐火砖及辅助材料全部到货，硅砖，粘土砖和高铝砖的外型尺寸已经过逐块检查验收，并按砌砖顺序分类堆放完毕，其它部位耐火砖及辅助材料也能按期到货，并得到同上一样的检查和验收保证。The refractory bricks and auxiliary materials used for regenerator and connectin

15、g duct are delivered to the construction site, the outer dimensions of silica bricks, fireclay bricks and high alumina bricks have been checked one by one, they are stacked according to bricklaying order and category, the refractory bricks and auxiliary materials for other areas of coke ovens also c

16、an be delivered to the construction site on schedule and they have been checked and accepted.1.7.2焦炉基础，抵抗墙，烟道等土建构筑物已施工完毕，经检查合格并签定工序交接证明后，才可进行施工。The buildings and structures such as coke oven foundation, buttress wall and waste gas flues have been built and qualified by examination, the acceptance ce

17、rtificate have been signed.1.7.3筑炉大棚及其相应的取暖、照明、防火装置和设备均已安装完毕，运送耐火砖及泥浆到现场的设备和措施已准备好，并能正常运转。The construction shed and its corresponding heating, lighting equipment and fire prevention facilities have been installed, the equipment and facilities for transporting refractory bricks and mortar to the cons

18、truction site have been ready and can be run normally.1.7.4正面线纵横中心线和标高测量完毕，检查砌砖质量及标定中心线用的测量标桩已经建完，测量仪器已经准备完毕。The front line, longitudinal central line , horizontal center line and elevation have been measured, the refractory brick inspection and measuring stake for calibrating the central line have

19、been completed and measurement instruments are ready.1.7.5蓄热室、斜道、炭化室有代表性的砖层和炉顶的复杂部位已予砌完；大部分加工砖已加工完。The representative layers of regenerator, connecting duct and coking chamber and the complicated zones on the top of coke ovens have been Pre-assembled and most of the bricks needing cutting according

20、to the design drawings have been finished.1.8 焦炉砌筑工程施工的安全技术、劳动保护、必须符合国家现行有关规定。The safety technique and labour protection for bricklaying of coke ovens have to conform to the relative current stipulations.第二章 耐火材料的验收、装卸、运输和保管Chapter 2 Refractory Acceptance, Loading and Unloading, Transportation and S

21、torage2.1验收、装卸、运输Acceptance, loading and unloading and transportation2.1.1耐火材料和制品应按现行有关的标准和技术条件验收，保管和运输。Refractory bricks and materials are accepted, stored and transported according to the relative current standards and technical requirements.2.1.2焦炉用硅砖、粘土砖和高铝砖的外形和尺寸应逐块检查验收。Forms and dimension of s

22、ilica bricks and fireclay bricks and high alumina bricks for coke ovens should be inspected and accepted one by one.2.1.3装运焦炉用耐火材料及制品的车船均应清扫干净，并有防雨措施。耐火材料及制品不得被雨淋浸。The trucks and ships for loading and transporting refractory materials and bricks should be cleaned and equipped with rain protection fa

23、cilities. They are not be rained and waterlogged.2.1.4装卸车时应轻拿轻放，避免碰撞损坏。不同种类不同砖号的耐火制品要标志清楚，不能混号。Brick loading and unloading should be done with care to avoid damage during handling. Different kinds of bricks with different numbers should be marked clearly and can not be mixed.2.1.5运至施工现场的耐火材料和制品应附有出厂

24、合格证及规定的化验单。The refractory materials and bricks delivered to the construction site should have plant certificate and specified laboratory certificate.2.2保管Storage2.2.1硅砖、断热砖、辅助材料和耐火粉料应存放在有盖的仓库内。严禁被雨淋水浸。粘土砖可露天存放但应覆盖防雨布或采用其它防水措施。Silica bricks, insulating bricks, auxiliary products and refractory powder

25、 should be stored in the storage with roof. They are not allowed to be rained and waterlogged. Fireclay bricks can be placed in open air, but they should be covered with waterproof cloth or water protection measure should be taken.2.2.2耐火制品仓库应保持干燥、地坪平整坚实。The refractory storage should be kept dry and

26、 its floor should be flat and solid. 2.2.3砌筑前应根据予砌的情况与耐火砖公差分布情况编制搭配使用上砖方案，并进行相应加工。Before bricklaying, a sorting and application plan should be made according to the Pre-assembly result and refractory tolerance distribution, and corresponding machining should be done.2.2.4耐火砖应按施工顺序排列并按正负公差分垛堆放，砖垛上设置标

27、牌，标牌上应注明该砖垛的砖号，数量、公差等。Refractory bricks should be arranged according to the bricklaying order and stacked in accordance with positive and negative tolerance. Brick stacks should be provided with brand marks on which the brick number, quantity, tolerance and so on should be given.2.2.5砖垛间应留有0.50.6米的间

28、隙，砖垛高度一般不超过3米。The clearance from 0.5m to 0.6m should be kept between brick stacks and the heights of the stacks are normally not over 3m.2.2.6应按搭配使用方案规定的数量往炉上运砖，严禁混乱使用。The bricks transported to coke oven battery should be according to the sorting and application plan and the mixing thereof is not al

29、lowed.2.2.7耐火泥及其它粉料均应按品种，等级分别放置，严格分开，防止混淆。Refractory mortar and other fine materials should be placed according to variety and grade respectively, strict separate placing is required to avoid mixing.2.2.8耐火泥仓库的地坪应用普通红砖干砌一层。保持地坪干燥，平正洁净，顶盖及侧墙应坚固严密，以防风沙雨雪侵入。The floor of refractory mortar storage should

30、 be laid with one solid layer and kept dry and clean. Its roof and side wall should be solid and airtight to prevent the incursion of wind, sand blown by wind, rain and snow.2.2.9耐火材料仓库内禁止堆放其他粉料，油脂类等物。Other powdered materials, grease and so on are not allowed to be stored in the refractory storage.2

31、.2.10耐火材料仓库及通往仓库的运输道路，均应于耐火材料开始向现场运送前建成。The refractory storage and the transport roads to the storage should be built before the start of refractory conveying to the site.第三章 泥浆Chapter 3 Mortar3.1为保证火泥性质稳定，配制火泥时应使用洁净的清水。The mortar is tempered with pure tap water in such a way that it remains pliable

32、 and bonds well during application.3.2砌炉前，应按火泥使用说明和试验确定好泥浆的稠度、加水量添加剂量，在使用过程中，不能任意改变。Before bricklaying of coke ovens, the consistency , water adding amount and additive amount is determined by test and use specification of mortar. During its application, the water adding and additive adding are not

33、allowed at will.3.3泥浆的粘结时间视耐火制品外形尺寸的大小而定，宜为1-1.5分钟。The bonding time for mortar depends on the outer dimensions of refractory bricks and 1-1.5 minutes are appropriate.3.4调制泥浆时，必须称量准确，搅拌均匀，在使用时，还要经常搅动，以防沉淀或分层，隔夜灰浆必须重新搅拌均匀，至泥团消失后才能使用。When proportioning of mortar is carried out, weighing should be accur

34、ate and mixing homogeneous. During application, frequent agitating is required to prevent precipitation and sedimentation. If mortar is kept for one night, its homogeneous remixing is required and can be applied after the mortar agglomerate is eliminated.3.5同时使用不同泥浆时，不得混用搅拌机和泥浆槽等机具。当要更换另一种泥浆时，必须事先将搅

35、拌机及泥浆槽清洗干净后，才能允许变动。When different mortars are applied at the same time, the use of the same mixer and same mortar tank are not allowed before cleaning. When the application of mortar is changed to another one, the mixer and mortar tank should be cleaned in advance, then they can be used.3.6掺有水泥、水玻璃的

36、泥浆应在使用前1小时内调制，泥浆已初凝结块后不得使用。The mortar mixed with cement or water glass (sodium silicate) should be made within one hour before its application. For the mortar that becomes primarily coagulated, it can not be used.第四章 予砌筑Chapter 4 Pre-assembly4.1 在焦炉砌筑前，焦炉各主要部位应进行予砌筑。Before the bricklaying of coke ov

37、ens, the Pre-assembly of the main parts of coke ovens should be carried out.4.2 予砌筑中应着重发现或解决以下问题。During Pre-assembly, attention should be paid to find or solve the following problems.4.2.1检查设计或砖型制作方面的错误；Checking the mistakes about design and brick shape manufacture;4.2.2检查各种上砖方案的可行性；Checking the fea

38、sibility of various brick conveying proposals;4.2.3确定砖的加工量；Determining the amount of bricks to be machined;4.2.4检查各种火泥的施工性能；Checking the workability of various kinds of mortars;4.2.5熟悉结构特点，质量关键及施工方法。Learning the structure features, quality key points and construction methods.4.3 予砌筑应按正式的施工方法进行，并按验收的

39、质量标准检查设计、材料及施工存在的问题。为此，予砌所采用的耐火砖、火泥及工具等均应与将来正式施工所采用的相同，不得用其他砖种、火泥等代替（但泥浆中不必掺入水玻璃和水泥）。标板、标杆、保护板、中心等均应达到正式砌炉的质量标准。Pre-assembly should be carried out according to the formal construction methods, and design, materials and the problems existing during construction are examined according to the quality s

40、tandards for acceptance. Refractory bricks, mortars and tools used for Pre-assembly should be same as those to be used for formal bricklaying. The refractory bricks and mortars can not be replaced by other refractory bricks and mortars (it is not necessary to add water glass and cement to mortar). G

41、uiding board, mark post, flashplate, center and so on should be up to the quality standards for normal bricklaying of coke ovens.4.4 予砌筑时应有生产厂、设计部门和施工单位的代表参加。During the Pre-assembly of coke ovens, the production plant, design unit and construction unit should take part in this work.4.5 予砌不得在露天进行，不得直

42、接在土地或木制基础上进行。Pre-assembly can not be carried out in open air and can not done on the ground or wooden foundation.4.6 各主要部位的予砌筑范围如下：The Pre-assembly scope of main locations are as follows.4.6.1小烟道部位：两个主墙及其间的单墙、衬砖、蓖子砖等的全高，长度：由炉头至中心隔墙。For sole flue location: the total heights of two main walls and the

43、wall between them, lining bricks, the sole flue port bricks and so on, lengths: from the oven end to central partition wall.4.6.2蓄热室部位：在小烟道墙上砌筑奇数和偶数层各二层，并在蓄热室中予砌两层格子砖、封墙，长度同上。For regenerator location: two odd layers and two even layers of bricks are laid on the sole flue wall, two layers of chequer

44、bricks in regenerator and protection wall are Pre-assembled, the lengths are same as above- mentioned lengths.4.6.3斜道：两个主墙及其间的单墙的全部砖层，包括其下部蓄热室跨顶砖，长度同上。Connecting duct: all brick layers of two main walls and the wall between them, including top crossover bricks of the regenerator located under the wa

45、lls. Lengths are same as above- mentioned lengths.4.6.4立火道区：机焦侧各至焦炉纵中心线，但两个半段燃烧室应并排砌筑，以便在其上部砌炉顶区。予砌高度包括下部废气循环孔及上部跨越孔各砖层，废气循环孔与跨越孔之间的奇数层及偶数层各一层，立火道顶的奇数层与偶数层各一层。Vertical flue location: from coke side and pusher side to longitudinal central line, but two halves combustion chambers should be laid side b

46、y side in order to build oven top area on them. The Pre-assembly height includes the brick layers of lower waste gas circulation port and upper crossover port, there is one odd brick layer and one even brick layer between waste gas circulation port and crossover port. There is one odd brick layer an

47、d one even brick layer on the vertical flue top.注：炉顶区因机、焦侧之宽度及炉头砖型不同，所以两侧需全部在砌就之斜道上进行予砌。Note: because of the widths and end brick shapes of coke side and pusher side are different, the two sides should be Pre-assembled on the laid connecting duct.4.6.5炉顶区：在立火道最上一层砖上予砌炭化室跨顶砖，看火孔墙，上升管口，装煤孔各一个。Oven top

48、 area: oven top crossover bricks are Pre-assembled on the top layer bricks of vertical flue. There is one inspection hole, ascension pipe hole and charging hole.4.7 在予砌时遇有个别砖型不足时，可按设计尺寸加工代替，但必须留有记录，而被代替的砖号事后需单独进行检查。During Pre-assembly, if an individual brick NO. have not enough quantity used, it can

49、 be substituted by other brick need machining , but it should be recorded and inspected individually after Pre-assembly .4.8 予砌所得结果应详细记录，其中包括：Pre-assembly results should be recorded in detail, including:4.8.1泥浆的工作性能。Workability of mortar;4.8.2耐火砖的外型公差情况及对砌体质量的影响。Outer dimensional tolerance of refrac

50、tory bricks and its effect on brickwork quality;4.8.3统计相关的砖缝、耐火砖及实体轮廓等尺寸，决定加工砖的砖号、数量。Making the statistics of the dimensions of joints, refractory bricks and solid mass outlines to determine the number and quantity of the bricks to be machined;4.8.4砌体结构缺陷。Defects of brickwork structure;4.8.5工具、标板、标杆

51、的使用情况等。Application results of tools, guiding board and mark post.4.9 拆出予砌筑砌体时应当仔细进行，所有拆下的砖均应回收入库，在正式砌砖时使用。The removal of the Pre-assembled brickwork should be carried out carefully, all removed bricks should be stored in the refractory storage and are used when the normal bricklaying is done.4.10 一般

52、予砌筑宜在正式砌砖前一个月结束。Normally it is better to end the Pre-assembly one month before the start of formal bricklaying.第五章 焦炉基础与抵抗墙Chapter 5 Coke Oven Foundation and Buttress wall焦炉砌砖前，应结束下列工作：Before the bricklaying of coke ovens, the following work should be ended.5.1 钢筋混凝土基础表面，经表面打毛并用水冲洗后抹水泥沙浆，至达到规定的设计标高为

53、止。For the surface of the reinforced concrete foundation, the surface should be hacked off and washed with water, then smeared with cement mortar until reaching to the design specified elevation.5.2 抹上水泥沙浆，至少经过三天后，用敲打法检查抹面层与混凝土结合程度，发出哑音时，必须将该部分打掉重新抹面。After cement mortar is smeared, it should stay the

54、re at least for three days and then the bonding degree between float coat and concrete is examined by knocking method. If hoarse sound is heard, the float coat should be removed and smeared with cement mortar again.5.3 用水平仪检查抹面层标高，基础平台表面应平坦均匀，允许误差5毫米，即在一米距离内标高差不应超过5毫米，超差地段必须打掉重抹。基础表面有铺砖层时，铺砖面标高允许误差5

55、毫米，即一米的距离内标高差不应超过5毫米。检查方法是，用长度为2米的木靠尺检查，表面与靠尺间隙不大于7毫米。The elevation of float coat is measured with a gradienter, the foundation deck surface should be flat and even and the tolerance is 5mm, that is to say, the elevation difference should not be over 5mm within 1m distance. For the float coat with e

56、levation difference over 5mm, the float coat should be smeared again. When the foundation surface has a brick laid layer, the tolerance of the brick laid layer is 5mm, that is to say, the elevation difference should not be over 5mm within 1m distance. The measuring method is that the wooden guiding rule with 2m length is used to measure the difference, the clearance between the surface and the guiding rule is not over 7mm.5.4 钢筋混凝土抵抗墙靠炉体一侧的表面应用水泥沙浆抹平。The surface of the side of the reinforced concrete buttress wall abut against the oven pr