轴系舵系中心线确定工艺

1、为了缩短船舶建造周期及保证船舶下水的大节点，轴系、舵系中心线确定在舵机舱平台以下所有焊接、火工矫正、密性等全部结束并报检通过后即可进行照光。In order to reduce the building time and ensure the node of ship launching , the jobs under steering gear cabin deck such as blocks erection、erections welding、distortion correction by flame、tightness and so on should be finished c

2、ompletely ,after finishing these jobs ,we will decide the centerline of shaft line & rudder line.1. 工具的选用 Tools and instrument激光经纬仪、光靶。Laser theodolite and optical target.2. 轴系中心线的确定Decide the centerline of the shaft-line.轴系中心线的确定应根据季节温度变化来进行，夏天一般在晚上8-9点进行,冬天一般在下午5点左右进行, 或在阴天进行，在轴系中心线的确定过程中，船上不应

3、有能够导致船体变形的工作在进行。This step should be done according to temperature change of the season of a year , in the estival season , this work should be done at evening 8-9 clock, and in the winterly season, this work should be done at afternoon 5 clock ,or in the cloudy day, and any work that can bring hull

4、deformation should be stopped. 1） 船体尾部理论轴中心面的确定。Decide the center plan of shaft line outer of E/R. 以中心线在船台上的延伸点为基准，调整激光经纬仪“1”的轴线直至与船中心线重合。Adjust No.1 laser theodolite centerline overlap with hull C.L. basing on hull C.L. 将激光经纬仪“1”射出的光点延伸到船台尾部光靶“3”上，根据机舱区域舱底龙骨平整度数据平均值为基线高度并在垂直方向向上平移轴系高度+船体板厚，则此点为轴系轴线

5、上一点。以此点作为参考点并打好样冲点，同时将激光经纬仪旋转180°将光点投射到尾柱上，并打好样冲，这样就可初步确定轴系尾部理论面。Extend the laser from No.1 theodolite to No.3 target, then according to the mean valve of flexibility of the keel under the ring of groove for main engine as datum high move No.1 theodolite up and down in vertical plan and measure

6、 the height of shaft line and thickness of armor plate, the point as a datum point in the shaft line, a laser point can be found in stern boss by turning No.1 theodolite 180°, and another mark will be made as the point. In this way, we can decide shaft center plan outer of E/R firstly.2） 机舱内轴系中

7、心线的确定 Decide the shaft line in E/R. 在机舱与尾管平面适当位置设立一激光经纬仪“2”，将光点延伸到船体外部的光靶“3”，使之与光靶“3”上的样冲点重合。Put No.2 theodolite to fit at Fr15. Its laser beam to be extended to No.3 target and to be kept superposition with that mark made on No.3 target. 调整激光经纬仪“2”的位置，使之既能与船体尾柱上的样冲点的连线相交，同时也能投影到光靶“3”上的样冲点上，调整经纬仪高度与

8、光靶“3”上的样冲点重合，然后将经纬仪“2”的位置固定。Move No.2 theodolite, and keep its height same as the mark on No.3 target and make the beam pass through the center of marks on stern boss, then fix No.2 theodolite.3） 轴系中心线的延伸 Extending the centerline of the shafting. 将激光经纬仪“2”调转180°，将光点延伸并投影在机舱Fr40舱壁上，并确定光点位置，打好样冲点

9、，这点与光靶“3”上的样冲点的连线即为初步确定的理论轴线。Turn No.2 theodolite 1800, the laser beam can be extended to Fr40 bulkhead, make the mark again. Now we can say that the line decided by this point mark and that one on No.3 target is shaft line. 检查主机底座中线与理论轴线的偏离距离，偏移范围在±（5-10）mm之内。Check the deflection distance betw

10、een base line and shaft line. Allow deviation range to be within ±（5-10）mm. 3. 尾轴管镗孔时轴线的确定Deciding centerline of stern boss1) 加工圆确定前的条件 Preparation for this step 本船上所有设备都已安装到位或用重量相当放置在相的物品应位置上代替。All other equipments should be located or instead by others as same as the weight. 在本工艺进行的过程中，船上应停止冲

11、击和有振动性的工作。When this step being done, any impacting work or vibration job should be stopped.2) 定轴系中心线Decide the centerline of shafting.如图所示将激光经纬仪“2”放至机舱适当位置（如“图-1”所示），调整高度和左右位置使射出的光点既能投影到光靶“3”上的基准点上，又能在旋转1800后投影在Fr40舱壁的基准点上。则此时的经纬仪的轴线即为轴系的轴线。Set No.2 theodolite at suitability poison in engine room (s

12、ee fig. 1), and adjust by project the laser beam on No.3 target mark, then turn it 180°, project the laser beam on Fr40 bulkhead mark, in this way, the centerline of shafting can be decided.3) 在艉柱管前后端处各设一光靶（见“图-4”，位置见“图-1”），调整光靶中心使激光经纬仪射出的光束与光靶中靶中心点重合，即该光束即为尾柱管上的轴线。 Set an optical target on the

13、 both end of stern boss (see fig.1 & fig.4), adjust the center of optical target to make the center coincide with the beam projected by theodolite. This beam is the center of stern boss casting.4) 以光靶上的中心点为圆心作圆654、656、658、662、740及800，如图2，所示800为检验圆。画出加工圆并打好样冲点。 Make circles654, 656, 658, 662, 740

14、 and inspection mark 800 basing on the center of the target as shown on fig.2.5) 同理以艉管前端处的光靶中心为圆心画圆656、658、662、740和800，其中800作为检验圆（见“图-3”）。打好样冲点。others circles656, 658, 662, 740 and 800 (inspection mark) can be made on stern tube casting in the same way. (See fig.3)4. 舵系轴线的确定 Decide the centerline of

15、 ruder stoc1) 舵杆轴线的确定Decide the centerline of rudder stock. 在挂舵臂两轴孔处各设立两个光靶，如“图-5”中所示。光靶尺寸按图-4所示。Set two (2) targets on the rudder horn as shown on fig. 5. (Target dimension refer to fig.4) 采用重锤法使重锤与船台上的Fr0肋位重合，调整光靶使细线处于光靶的中心。或者采用激光法，先放置一个激光经纬仪在船体中心平面内，用细钢丝从舵机舱穿过舵承处光靶孔中心使其保持垂直，用激光经纬仪扫描该细线，使激光经纬仪射出的光

16、束跟细线重合，然后在垂直于Fr0肋位的任一位置重设一激光经纬仪，调整细线使之与该激光经纬仪射出的光束重合，那么该细线则为舵系的中心线 Use plumb coincide with the Fr0 location on the berth, then adjust the target and make the wire just pass through the center. Or use laser to decide the centerline of rudder line. Set a theodolite in the midship plane, use a steel wire through the hole center hole of targets in the horn casting, and keep the steel wire vertical, at the same time make the steel wire coinside with the theodolite projected laser beam . set an anther theodolite in plump midship and keep the steel wire coinside