北师大版选修7U20Newfrontiers知识点归纳

1、第 1 页 北师大版选修 7 Unit 20 New frontiers 知识点归纳 知识点一：重点词语 1. in advanee 预先，提前 2. give away 泄露(秘密) 3. take over 接收(接管) 4. in the 19th eentury 在 19 世纪 5. carry out 执行 6. in the summer of 1905 在 1905 年的夏天 7. 100 feet long 100 英尺长 8. manned flight 载人飞船 9. important inventions 重要的发明 10. be associated with 有联系

2、的 知识点二：核心单词 1. electronic adj 电子的 This dietionary is available in eleetronie version 这部词典有电子版。 探 辨析：eleetrie 为“电的，用电的，带电的”，指任何电动的或发电的装置，被修饰的物体 本身可带电。 eleetrieal 为“电的，与电有关的”，指与电有关的事物，被修饰的词本身并本能带电。 (1) Please connect the two eleetrie wires. (2) He buried himself in an eleetrieal book. (3) I love eleet

3、ronic music. 2. conflict n.冲突；矛盾 vi.发生冲突 There is, i n fact, no eon fliet 其实并不矛盾。 The hours of the two meeti ngs eon fliet.这两个会议时间发生冲突。 拓展：come into conflict 发生冲突 eonfliet with sb./ sth 与 . 有分歧 (1) 中国法律与国际法律之间有分歧吗？ Do Chin ese laws eon fliet with any intern ati on al laws? (2) 这两个室友经常闹矛盾。 The two ro

4、ommates ofte n come into eon fliet. 3. instruction r 使用说明，须知(常用复数)；指令，教育，教学 I read the in struetion on the bottle.我读了瓶子上的用法说明。 In struetio n knows no class disti nctio n.教育无贵贱之分。(有教无类) 辨析：explanation n.解释 deseripti on n.描述 拓展：give instruetions to sb./ sth 给某人发出指令 (1) The beauty of the sun rise is be

5、y ond deseriptio(描述). (2) Before taking the medieine, you ought to study the instruetion (使用说明) or follow the doctoradvice. (3) Reas on able as his expla natio(解释)for his his abse nee soun ded, I wouldrtaeeept it. 11. seienee fietions 科幻小说 12. downloads 下载文件 13. update eomputers 更新电脑 14. mass - prod

6、uetion 大量生产 15. by mistake 错误的，无意的 16. be grateful (to sb) for sth.感谢 17. in ease 以防，万一 18. end with 以 . 结束 19. in the initial stage 在开始阶段 20. drop off 下降 4. wonder vi & vt.感到惊异；好奇，想知道 n.惊异，惊叹(不可数)；奇迹，奇观(可数) 用法：作不及物动词时，wonder 后面常接介词 about 和 at ;作及物动词时，wonder 后面 可以接“疑问词+ 不定式”或者宾语从句。 Do you often wond

7、er about the future of the world?你是否经常想知道未来世界会是什么样 子？ All the other passe ngers died in the accide nt. I won der at the fact that he survived 所有其他的 乘客都在事故中死了。他存活下来了，我感到很奇怪。 I was won deri ng how to get there quickly.我想知道怎么去那里最快。 I wo nder whe n we will set off.我想知道我们什么时候出发。 搭配： (1) wonder about sth.

8、对 . 感到好奇，想知道 (2) . wonder at sth.对 感到惊讶/奇怪 (3) . It is no wonder (that) = No wonder (that) 不足为奇，难怪。 The childre n looked up in won der at the big elepha nt 孩子们惊异地抬头看那只大象。 Televisi on is one of the won ders of moder n scie nee 电视是现代科学奇迹之一。 Her child was miss in g, it is no won der she is upsets 孩子不见了

9、，难怪她很伤心。 I wo nder if you can fin ish the job on your ow n.我想知道你是否可以独立完成这项工作。 I won der at his careless ness 对他的粗心我感至 U 惊讶。 5. split v.劈开，使裂开，分担，分享 n.分裂 Some ki nds of wood split easily 有 些木材容易劈开。 Wesplit the cost of the petrol.我们平摊了邮费。 拓展： (1) split up with 断绝关系，分离 (2) split into 分成 我们分成两组搜索了树林。 We

10、 split into two and searched the forest. 我决定同他绝交。I decide to split up with him. 6. cure v.治愈，治疗 n.治愈，疗法 The only way to cure backache is to res 治愈悲痛的唯一办法是休息。 When I left the hospital I was completely cured 出院时，我已经完全痊愈了。 There is still no cure for the com mon cold 目 前仍没有治愈感冒的良药。 提示：cure 表示治病的良药(=medi

11、cine)时，后面接介词 for。 辨析： treat 意为“治疗”， 不一定治愈； cure 则指“治愈”， 且与 treat 搭配不同； heal 意为 “治愈”，但其多用于指治愈外伤(wound, injury, cut, burn etc.) 搭配： (1) treat sb. for a disease 台疗某人的(疾病) (2) cure sb.of sb 治好某人的(疾病) The only way to cure headache is to res 治疗头疼的唯一方法就是休息。 The doctor cured his father of can cer 医 生治好了他父亲的

12、癌症。 7. shortly adv 不久，很快(=soor) 搭配： (1) . shortly before.在 前不久 第 3 页 (2) . short after.在 后不久 I shall be in touch with you again shortly 我很快再和你联系。 The temple was rebuilt shortly after war 战争后不久，寺庙就被重建了。 & declare vt.宣布，公告 vi.声明，表示 She declared that he kn ew nothi ng about the accide nt 她声称她对这起交通事故一无所

13、知。 Jones was declared the winne 琼斯倍宣布为冠军。 We declared for their proposa 我们声明赞成他们的建议。 探 说明：可接 that 从句，也可接形容词或名词作补语。 搭配： declare for 声明赞成 declare aga ins 声明反对，表态反对 运用：用 declare 翻译下列句子。 (1) 他声称自己是无罪的。 He declared that he was innocent / himself innocent / himself to be innocent. (2) 人民生命反对这场战争。 The peop

14、le declare against the war. (3) 我现在宣布会议开幕。 I now declare this meeti ng ope n. 拓展： (1) declaration n 宣布； 公布 (2) the Declaration of Independence 独立宣言 (3) announce (vt.) announcement (n.通知； 布告 9. donate v 捐献 (1) 她吧自己的书捐赠给图书馆。 She don ated her boos to the library. (2) 献血是我们的义务。 Don at ing blood is our r

15、esp on sibility. 派生：do nation n 捐献 联想：collect / raise money for sb./ sth.为某人 /某事募捐 10. correspond v.通信，符合，相当 搭配： (1) corresp ond with sb.和某人通信(=com muni cate with sb.) (2) . corresponded with sth.与 相符合 (3) correspond to sth 相当于 运用： (1) 他所说的跟他所做的相符合(言行一致)。 What he said corresponds to what he did. (2)

16、 美国的国会相当于英国的议会。 The American Congress corresponded with the British Parliament. (3) 我已多年没跟我的老朋友通信了。 I havencorrespond with my old friend for years. 11. worn adj.破烂的，损坏的；精疲力竭的 探 说明：worn 是 wear 的过去分词。 拓展：worn out 破旧的，精疲力竭的 运用： (1) 由于她照顾年迈的母亲，她疲惫不堪。 She was worn out from looking after her elderly mothe

17、r. (2) 客厅里有四把破旧的扶手椅。 There four worn-out armchairs in the living room. 12. meanwhile adv.同时 拓展： 表示“同时” 的短语还有： in the meanwhile, at the same time 探 说明：meanwhile 是连接副词，使用时其前通常用分号或句号；若其前用逗号，则通常带 有并列连词女口 and 等。类似的连接畐 I词有： therefore, besides, otherwise, however, moreover, still, thus 等。 运用： 母亲去买东西；我打扫屋子。

18、 Mother went shopp ing; mean while, I clea ned the house. 知识点三：重要词组 1. singleout (for)(为特殊对待而)挑选出，找出 They all did wrong; why si ngle him our for pu ni shme nt?他们都有错，为何单挑他来处分？ 联想：表示“挑选出”的词语还有 select, choose, pick out 等。 运用： (1)这学期我们都学习不错，我真不明白为什么我们的英语老师单单表扬了班长一人。 I really don see why our En glish tea

19、cher should single out our mon itor for praise since we have all done quite well this term. (3) 吉利被选为最优秀的学生。 Jerry was sing led out as the best student. 2. wrestle with 努力解决(某事)，同(某人)搏斗/扭打 He has bee n wrestli ng with the difficult problem.他一直在努力解决这个难题。 He wrestled with one of his classmates 他 与一个同学

20、扭成一团。 运用： (1) 昨天约翰与抢劫者进行搏斗。 Joh n wrestled with the robbers yesterday. (2) 他帮助她克服了她遇到的许多困难。 He helped her wrestle with the difficulties she met. 3. take over 接管 He wan ted to take over the job 他想接管这项工作。 Our chairman has left, so Peter will take ove 我们的主席走了，彼得接任。 运用： (1) 当她生病的时候他女儿从他手中接管了生意。 Whe n sh

21、e fell ill, her daughter took over the bus in ess from her. (2) 你愿意让我替你开一会儿车吗？ Would you like me to take over the driving for a while? 4. turn to 求助于，翻到 There is no body she could turn to 她求助无门。 第 5 页 拓展：turn to sb. for help / comfort 寻求帮助 /安慰 运用： (1) 这个孩子想他母亲寻求安慰。 The child tur ned_to_his_mother_fo

22、r_comfort. (2) 如果你遇到了困难，可以向你的老师求助。 If you are in trouble, you can turn to your teacher for help. (3) 打开书，翻到第五页。 Open your books. Turn to Page 5. 5. look into 调查 (=investigate / examine The policeme n have looked into the murder case 警察已经介入调查这件谋杀案了。 运用： (1) 他们成立了一个委员会来调查这一事件。 They set up a committee

23、to look into the matter. (2) 机器出了问题，我们 Somethi ng is wrong with the mach ine, we are look ing into it. 6. be based on/upon 基于 (1) 判断应该以事实为依据，而不应该依靠道听途说。 Judgment should be based on facts, not on hearsay. (2) 这本书以一个真实的故事为原型。 The book is based on a true story. 7. by mistake 错误地(=in erroi) He dialed th

24、e number by mistake 他拨错了电话号码。 运用： (1) 对不起，我拿错了你的钢笔。 Sorry. I took your pen by mistake. (2) 汤姆一定是弄错了才拿了你的字典。 Tom must have taken your dicti onary by mistake. 拓展：learn by onemistake 从错误中吸取教训 联想： mistake. for. = take. for.把 . 误以为 I mistook the stick for a sn ake 我把这个棍子误以为是蛇了。 & I ive on 继续存在/活着；以 . 为主食

25、；靠 . 生活 The southerners in China mainly live on rice 中国南方的人主要以大米为食。 We live on a small in come 我们靠微博的收入维持生活。 拓展：live by 靠 . 生活 He lives by beggi ng/ writ ing/ teachi ng.他以乞讨 / 写作/教书为生。 探 注意：live on 后接名词，而 live by 后接动名词。 运用： (1) 他们靠捕鱼为生。They live by fishing and hunting. (2) 植物靠土壤里的矿物质维持生命。 Pla nts li

26、ve on mi nerals from the earth. 9. make up for 弥补 Hard work can make up for a lack of intelligence 勤能补拙。 拓展：make up to sb 巴结某人 运用： (1) 我们必须努力工作以弥补失去的时光。 W must work hard to make up for the lost time. (2) 什么也不能补偿他们所受的痛苦。 Nothi ng can make up for what they have suffered. (3) 他总是巴结他的老板。 He always make up to the boss. 10. not to mention 更不用说；且不说 探 说明：这个短语后面跟名词或动名词(短语)。 He has a big house and an expensive car, not to mention a villa in France 他有一所大房子和一 辆昂贵汽车，且不说在法国还有一座别墅了。 He is handsome and smart, no