2019年中考英语语法专项复习语法二介词语法考点剖析

1、介词语法考点剖析考点一 时间介词1. in, on, atin用在年，月，季节、 世纪和表示泛指的 上午、下午、晚上前in 20 1 ； in January； in Hummer； in the twentieth century； in the morning/after noon / evening“亩+时间段通常 用在一般将来时 中,表示"（将来） （时间）以后”I II move to Beijing in two days. 两天后我将去北京.用在某些表示口寸间 的固定短语中in the future； in the end； in a minuteon表示具体某日或某

2、H的上午、下午、 晚1:on Monday； on March 12th ； on Sunday afternoon； on a cold morningat表示具体时间点at seven o clock （ 7: 0。） ； at half past five （5 ； 30）用在固定短语中at noon： at night; at present; at the beginning （of）； at the age of j at Christmasg巧学妙记in, on, at 用法年月周前要用in ,具体日子要用on。at用在时刻前，亦与正午、午夜连。黎明终止和开端，at与之紧相伴。今

3、明昨天前后天，上下这那每之前，at, in, on都不填，此乃习惯记心间。2. during, induring和in都表示一段时间。但during更加强调时间的延续性，可以表示在一段时间内自始至终的状态。3. for, sincefor和since表示的时间状语都有延续之意，“ for +时间段”表示“延续多久”，作时间状语时，句子 可用过去时、完成时或将来时；since后接表示时间点的短语，意为“自从 （过去某时）以来"，说明自过去某时延续至今的一段时间，常与完成时连用。4. in, afterin和after后都可以接时间段，表示“（时间）之后”，in用于将来时，after用于

4、过去时。5. by, beforeby表示“截止；到为止”，包括其后的时间；before则表示“在某时之前”，不包括其后的时间。You should get your homework ready by Friday.你应该最迟于星期五把作业准备好。（包含星期五）Can you come and meet me before Friday ?你能在星期五之前来见我吗？（不包含星期五）跟踪训练1. （2018 山东东营广饶模拟）China's firsthome builtaircraft carrier（ 航空母舰）hit the waterin Dalian the morning

5、of April 26, 2017.A. inB. onC. atD. to2. （2018 山东济南商河二模 ）We are going to give our English teacher a surprise Teachers' Day.A. onB. atC. inD. by3. （ 2018 山东荷泽单县模拟改编）It is believed that December 21st, 1891, the firstbasketball game in history was played.A. inB. atC.onD. of4. （2018 安徽蚌埠禹会二模改编 ）Mr.B

6、rown arrivedat the airport 5o'clock on the evening10of Saturday.A. inB.onC.atD. of5. （2018 安徽蚌埠怀远检测） What time do you expect me to finish the task?-Say, two hours.A.beforeB.atC. forD. in6.（2018 四川内江中考）The accident took place a cold November evening.A.onB. inC. atD. for7.（2018 江苏南京中考）Neil Armstro

7、ng was the first man to walk on the moon20 July 1969.A. inB. onC. atD. for考点二方位介词1. across, through, pastacross强调从表面横过；through强调从内部穿过；past强调从旁边经过。2. in, on, over, abovein "在里面”，通常指被包含在某物之内；on "在上面”，与表面有接触，反义词是beneath;over "在之上”，指在物体的正上方或覆盖在物体表面，反义词是under ; above "在之上；高于”，指在上方，不一定

8、是垂直的正上方，其反义词是below。3. between, amongamongo表示在两者之间用 between ;在三者或三者以上之间用4. in/on/to+方位名词的用法in表小A地仕B地氾围之内Taiwan is in the southeast of China.台湾位于中国东南部。o n表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻Canada is on the north of America.力口拿大位于美国北部。to表示A地在B地范围之外，即二者之间有距离间隔Haikou lies to the south of Guangzhou.海口位于广州南部。1. （2018 甘肃白银中考）The

9、earth goes the sun.A. aroundB. throughC. betweenD. across2. （2018 天津中考）In the picture, he sits me, looking very happy.A. besideB. amongC. upD. through3. （2018 重庆中考 B卷）一Excuse me, is there a computer room in your school?Yes. It's the fifth floor.A. onB. inC. atD. to4. （2017 山东德州中考 ）A woman stood

10、the window, watching the children playing games in the garden.A. pastB. throughC. acrossD. by5. （2019 原创）Hong Kong is in the south of China, and Macao lies the west of Hong Kong.A. toB. atC. inD. on6. （2017 四川成都中考改编）I can't see Lucy because she is the tree.A. in front ofB. behindC. next toD. bef

11、ore7. （2017 上海中考）Shirley is still waiting for her flight to New York City the airport.A. atB. underC. onD. with8. （2019 原创）The moonlight is shining in the window. Everything in the room looks nice.A. overB. acrossC. throughD. past考点三表示方式、手段或工具的介词1 .交通方式：by, in, onby +交通工具的单数形式；on/in +限定词+交通工具的单数形式。I

12、 go to school by bike. = I go to school on my bike.我女儿用她节省的钱买了些书。2 .表“用”时，可用“ with +工具、手段” “ by +交通工具（单数）” “in+语言、嗓音My daughter bought some books with the money she had saved.He told us something interesting in Japanese.他用日语告诉了我们一些有趣的事情。As a middle school student, don't write with a pencil.作为一个中

13、学生，不要用铅笔写字。He always goes to school by bus.他总是坐公共汽车去学校。【提醒】with可以表示“带有”。Mr Green has a big house with a g arden.格林先生有一所带花园的房子。跟踪训练1. （2019 原创）I made coat with my hands. It was made hand not with a machine.A. inB. onC. byD. with2. （2019 原创）We are asked to write . ink, that is, with a pen.A. withB. by

14、C. inD. on3. （2018 河南商丘柘城模拟）一How do you learn English?I study English talking with foreign students.A. atB. inC. byD. on4. （2019 -原创）Can you answer the questionFrench?A.byB. withC. fromD.in5. （2019原创）Tomwent to schoolhis bike, and I in my father'scar.A. inB. byC. onD. with考点四 其他常考介词1. without &q

15、uot;没有”，后面接名词或动名词。She just left without saying a word.她一句话也没说就走了。2. including"包含；包括“The price is $100, including your meals.价钱是 100 美元，包括你的饭钱。3. with "和；具有，带有；用，以；由于"，常表示伴随。She came back with a letter in her hand.她手里拿着一封信回来了。4. against "反对；靠着，倚着"，反义词为 for ,表示“支持”。There is a

16、ladder against the wall.有架梯子靠在墙上。5. except, except for, but, besides（1）except表示"除之外（不再有）“，强调不被包括在内。The office is open every day except Sundays.办事处除了 星期天以夕卜天天开门。（2）except for "除之外”，表示整体情况良好，局部出现问题。The article is good except for some spelling mistakes.除了一些拼写错误，这个文章整体还是很好的。（3）but与except同义，表示“

17、除了"，常用于 no one, nobody, all等代词后。There's no one but me.这里除了我没有别人。（4）besides "除之外还有“。What languages do you know besides Chinese and English ?除了汉语和英语以外你还懂什么语言?6. as作介词，意思是“作为；以身份”。He came to China as a tourist five years ago.他五年前以游客的身份来过中国。English is used as a foreign language in our coun

18、try.英语作为一门夕卜语在我国被使用。7. in front of 与 in the front ofin front of "在的前面“，指某一范围以外的前面，反义词是behind; in the front of."在的前面”，指某一范围以内的前面，反义词是at the back of 。Miss Gao is standing at the front of the classroom.高老师站在教室的前面。（指某一范围内的前面）There is a tall tree in front of the house.房子前面有一棵大树。（指某一范围以外的前面）8. o

19、n the tree指在树上的东西本身是树的一部分（如叶子、果实）in the tree指在树上的东西本身不是树的一部分（如鸟、人）There're some apples on the tree.树上有几个苹果。There's a bird in the tree.树上有只鸟。1. （2018 -安徽亳州利辛5 月模拟）一Yourmath is good. Do youhave any special ways to learnit?-No. Remember: nothing can be learned hard work.A.againstB. withC. throu

20、ghD. without2. （2019 预测）I gave the tickets to all the students the ones who had already taken them.A. exceptB. beyondC. withD. among3. （2019 预测）Thirty passengers were hurt, five children.A. includeB. includin gC. includedD. includes考点五介词短语a bit (of)有一点儿after a while 过了一会儿a little 一点儿all kinds of各种类型

21、的；各种各样的a lot of许多a pair of 一双a set of 一套； 一副； 一组around the world世界各地as long as 只要；既然at first 起先；首先at last 最后at least 至少；不少于；起码at night/noon在夜里/中午at once 立亥Uat the age of.在岁时at the beginning of. 在之初at the end of.在之末at the foot of.在脚下at the same time同时at/on the weekend在周末because of 因为be different from

22、.与不同； 与 有差异be interested in.对感兴趣be made of. 由制成的be similar to.与相像的、类似的be sure about 确信；对有把握between.and.在和之间by bike/air/train/bus/sea 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车/船by the end of.至 U底为止by the way 顺便说by the window 在窗边far away from 远离for example 例如for sure 无疑；肯定from now on 从现在起from then on 从那时起fromto 从至ijin a hurry 匆

23、忙in all 总共in （great） danger 处于 （ 极大 ） 危险之中in English 用英语in fact 确切地说；事实上，实际上in the countryside 在乡下；在农村in the middle of. 在中间in time 及时in order to为了in public 公众；公开地in surprise惊奇地in the end 最后in turn 依次less than 少于little by little 逐渐地more than 多于of course 当然one （large） bowl of. 一（大）碗on foot 步行；走路on one

24、's way to.某人在去的路上on the left/right 在左 （ 右 ） 边on the other hand 另一方面on the other side of. 在另一边on time 按时so far 到目前为止；迄今为止such as例如；像这样the same as. 和相同； 与致thanks to 幸亏to one's joy/surprise 使某人高兴/ 惊讶的是with a smile 面带笑容with one's help/with the help of sb.在某人的帮助下；由于某人的帮助with one's own eyes亲眼所见跟踪训练1. （2019 预测）一