2018年陕西省中考英语试卷-答案

1、陕西省 2018 年初中毕业生学业考试英语答案解析第一部分听力部分1 1 【答案】B2 【答案】C3 【答案】C4 【答案】A5 【答案】B6 【答案】C7 【答案】A8 【答案】B9 【答案】A10 【答案】B11 【答案】B12 【答案】A13 【答案】C14 【答案】A15 【答案】CII 16 【答案】B17 【答案】B18 【答案】C19 【答案】A20 【答案】A笔试部分III 完形填空 第一节21 .【答案】B【解析】根据空格后一句中的“ My best friend is Amy ”可知，此处指他们在谈论他们最亲密的朋友是谁， 根据空格后的“ were”可知，此处应用名词的复数

2、形式。故选 B.【考点】考查名词辨析和主谓一致。22 .【答案】D【解析】句意为：当轮到他说时，他说：“我最好的朋友是 Amy,一位住在佛罗里达州的 81岁的女士”。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词；且“ 81-year-old”的读音是以元音音素开头，其前应用an。故 选Do【考点】考查冠词的用法。23 .【答案】A【解析】句意为：他们的友谊源自一场比赛。come from意为“来自”，符合语境。故选 A。【考点】考查介词辨析。24 .【答案】B【解析】根据空格前一句中的"life was hard for David at that time ”可知，此处叙述的是过去发生

3、的事 ，应用一 般过去时。故选B。【考点】考查动词的时态。25 .【答案】B【解析】句意为：当他几乎泄气时，Amy给了他许多帮助并支持他的梦想。when意为“当时”，符合语境。故选B。【考点】考查连词辨析。26 .【答案】C【解析】decide to do sth.是固定用法，意为“决定做某事”。故选C。【考点】考查非谓语动词。27 .【答案】A【解析】根据空格前的“ wanted”可知，此处应用一般过去时，排除 C、D两项；分析句子结构可知，空格处 为宾语从句，应用陈述句语序。故选 Ao【考点】考查动词的时态和宾语从句。28 .【答案】C【解析】根据空格后的“ than”可知，此处应用bea

4、utiful的比较级形式。故选 C。【考点】考查形容词的比较等级。29 .【答案】D【解析】全文叙述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，排除A、B两项；主语“ many people”为复数名词，与谓语动词 move之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且 be动词应用were。故选D。【考点】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。30 .【答案】A【解析】根据语境可知，此处指作为朋友，当他们需要帮助的时候，“我们”应该伸出援手。should意为“应该"，符合语境。故选Ao【考点】考查情态动词辨析。词汇积累：friendship n. 友谊successfully adv. 成功地 famous adj

5、. 著名的interview v. 采访imaginev. 想象常考短语：talk about谈论 hear of听说 to one's surprise令某人吃惊的是常考句型：who引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。例句： One day, David and his friends talked about who their closest friends were .（第一段第一句 ）译文：一天,David和他的朋友们谈论谁是他们最亲密的朋友。第二节31 .【答案】C【解析】 根据上文中的 "she has been much heavier than before 和

6、下/句 "My mother was told to lose weight by doing exercise every day.”可知，此处指妈妈的健康状况变得更糟糕了。worse意为"更糟糕的"符合语境。故选Co【考点】考查形容词的比较级辨析。32 .【答案】D【解析】根据下文中的“ follow the doctor said可知，此处指“我”不得不带她去看医生。故选 D。【考点】考查名词辨析。33 .【答案】B【解析】此处表示她别无选择只能听从医生所说的话。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作“ said '的宾语，表示内容，应用

7、what引导。故选B。【考点】考查宾语从句。34 .【答案】A【解析】根据语境可知，她早起和“我”在社区里跑步，空格前后句之间是并列顺承关系，应用and连接。故选A o【考点】考查连词辨析。35 .【答案】B【解析】根据语境可知，此处指跑了一会儿之后，“我”告诉她正确的锻炼方法和健康饮食的重要性。故选B。【考点】考查动词辨析。36 .【答案】D【解析】根据上文可知，“我”告诉妈妈正确的锻炼方式和健康饮食的重要性，她很认真地听；再结合空格后的"that she told me when I was a kid "可知,此处表示这让"我”想起了我小时候她耐心地给&qu

8、ot;我"讲一切事情。remember意为“记起，想起"，符合语境。故选 D。【考点】考查动词辨析。37 .【答案】A【解析】根据空格后的"she thought the two week exercise didn't work at all ”可知，妈妈想放弃跑步，因为她认 为两周的锻炼一点效果也没有。give up意为“放弃”，符合语境。故选 Ao【考点】考查动词短语辨析。38 .【答案】C【解析】根据第二段第一句中的" ran with me in our neigborhood ”可知，此处指为了鼓励妈妈，"我”教她使 用社区

9、的健身设施来锻炼。neighborhood意为“社区”，符合语境。故选 C。【考点】考查名词辨析。39 .【答案】C【解析】It takes/took sb. +时间+ to do sth.是固定句式，意为“做某事花了某人多长时间”。故选C。【考点】考查动词辨析。40 .【答案】A【解析】根据空格前一句 "Exercise brings health and happiness to me."可知，锻炼给妈妈带来了健康和幸福。 此处指妈妈不再担心她的健康了。never意为“绝不，一点都不"，符合语境。故选 A。【考点】考查副词辨析。词汇积累：health n.健康

10、 follow v .遵循，听从 importance n .重要性 carefully adv .仔细地 praisev.表扬常考短语：lose weight减肥 get up起床 worry about担心常考句型：so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便” 。例句：I tried to run slowly so that she could follow me .（第二段第二句 ）译文：我试图慢点跑以便她能够跟上我。IV.阅读理解第一节Forpheus的相关情况。机器人【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乒乓球教练41 .【答案】A【解析】根据第一段第一句中的"ar

11、tficial intelligence（人工智能） hasgreatly influenced the ways we live,work and play可知，人工智能在许多方面影响了人们的生活。因此，该题的描述正确。故选A。【考点】细节理解题。42 .【答案】B【解析】 根据第三段第句 " Named Forpheus, the smart table tennis robot is quite special .“可知，Forpheus 是 机器人的名字，不是机器人发明者的名字。因此，该题的描述错误。故选B.【考点】细节理解题。43 .【答案】A【解析】 根据第三段第二、 三

12、句 "It can study the movements of human players and the speeds of the ball . In this way, it can exactly judge（判断）the players ' skill levesL ”可知，这个机器人能准确地判断选手的技术水 平。因此，该题的描述正确。故选 A。【考点】细节理解题44 .【答案】A【解析】根据最后一段中的" In the next 20 years,it will be possible that one robot teaches another to

13、 play table tennis or even invents another one!可知，在未来，一个机器人可以教另外一个机器人打乒乓球。因此，该题的描述正确。故选A.【考点】细节理解题。45 .【答案】B【解析】 根据第三段倒数第二、三句中的 " it encourages players itgives some good advice toimprove their skills可知，机器人不仅可以鼓励人类运动员，还能给他们提建议来帮助他们提高技能。因此，该题描述错误。故选 B.【考点】细节理解题。词汇积累：influence v.影响 special adj.特殊的

14、 exactly adv.准确地 encourage v.鼓励 inventor n.发明者，发明家常考短语：not onlybut also不仅而且；what's more另外常考句型：that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语时，不可以省略。例句： Recently, a scientist has invented a special robot that can be a table tennis coach.（第二段第一句 ） 译文：最近，一名科学家发明了一个能够当乒乓球教练的特殊机器人。第二节B46 .【答案】D【解析】根据第一个表格中的倒数第二句" However,

15、when the dolphins saw themselves in the mirror, they tried to clean the red marks off their bodies . ”可知在测试中，海豚努力擦掉身上的红色标记。故选D。【考点】细节理解题。47 .【答案】A【解析】 根据第二个表格中的最后一句"Instead, when the researchers showed them vertical lines（垂直线），thebees simply flew away, because they knew there was no way to get

16、sugar . 可知，当蜜蜂看见垂直线的时候，它们 飞走了。故选A。【考点】细节理解题。48 .【答案】C【解析】根据第三个表格中的倒数第二句中的" but the young chimpanzees performed much better 可知，在记忆数字的位置测试中，年幼的黑猩猩表现更出色。故选 Co【考点】细节理解题。词汇积累：researcher n.研究者fight v.打架，打斗 simply adv.仅仅human-like adj.似人类的screen n.屏幕 perform v.执行，做常考短语：from.to.从到 less than少于常考句型：when引

17、导时间状语从句，意为“当时”；because引导原因状语从句，意为“因为例句：Instead, when the researchers showed them vertical lines（垂直线）,the bees simply flew away , because they knew there was no way to get sugar.（第二个表格中的最后句 ）译文：相反，当研究者给蜜峰展示垂直线的时候，蜜蜂们只是飞走了，因为它们知道它们没有办法得到糖。C【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章从三个方面论述了成为一个好的倾听者的重要性。49 .【答案】A【解析】 根据第二段第二句

18、" When someone is sad or angry, he wants to express his poor feelings . At this moment, we need to listen silently first until he gets clam（冷静的）.”可知，当别人伤心或生气的时候 ，我们需要 先静静地倾听他们。故选 Ao【考点】细节理解题。50 .【答案】C【解析】根据画线词所在句的前一句"For example, we may think our parents are always talking too much 可知，此处指父

19、母说得太多其实是因为他们担心我们的健身、学习等。因此，anxious应意为“担心的”，相当于 worried。故选 C。【考点】词义猜测题。51 .【答案】D【解析】。根据第四段最后两句"In order to show our respect（尊重）for others, we had better listen to them first, Then we can express our ideas. 可知，为了表达我们对别人的尊重，我们应该先倾听别人，然后再表达自己 的观点。故选D。【考点】细节理解题词汇积累：silent adj.安静的 helpful adj.有帮助的 pa

20、tiently adv.耐心地 behavior n .行为 expressv. 表达常考短语：the same as跟一样helpout帮助.解决困难infact实际上 care about关心常考句型：动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；that引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，可省略。例句： Listening silently is a good quality that we should have .（第一段第四句 ）译文：安静地倾听是我们应该具有的好品质。D【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。生于 1937年的薛敏修在天津大学读了四年书后于2018年以优异的成绩毕业了。52 .【答案】A

21、【解析】根据第一段最后一句中的"Xue Minxiu, born in 1937 ”和第二段第四句中的“In 2014, she was acceptedby Tianjin University ”可推知，薛敏修是（2014-1937=）77岁时考上天津大学的。故选 A。【考点】推理判断题。53 .【答案】B【解析】 根据第三段第三句 " Whenever she had problems, she would either solve them by herself or ask teachers for help.”可知，当薛敏修遇到困难的时候，她会自己解决或者向老师

22、寻求帮助。故选 B。【考点】细节理解题。54 .【答案】B【解析】通读全文可知，文章报道了八十岁高龄的薛敏修在天津大学刻苦学习的事迹。因此，最佳标题为“AHard-working Old Lady "，故选 B.【考点】标题概括题。55 .【答案】C【解析】通读全文可知，文章报道了薛敏修从天津大学顺利毕业的事迹，因此本文应是一则新闻，可能出自报纸。故选C.【考点】文章出处题。词汇积累： graduation n. 毕业 receive v. 收至Uchance n. 机会 during prep . 在 期间lifelong adj .终身的常考短语：come true实现 be f

23、illed with 充满ask for help向求助make good use of 充分禾U用常考句型：wherever引导让步状语从句，意为“在任何地方，各处”例句： Wherever she went, she would take books with her .(第二段最后一句 )译文：无论她去哪里，她都会随身带着书。第二部分V.完成句子56. on/along the right57. turn off /shut off/switch off58. tickets59. draw/paint a horse60. warm smileVI .短文填空61. . worked6

24、2. happier63. cleaning64. quickly65. turned66. arm/ arms67. saved68. baby's69. himself70. volunteerVII .任务型阅读71. . fight/ stop/prevent the bad environment72. . (from Senegal in the west to Djibouti in the east,) on the south/south73. (there was) little rain74. in 2007.75. the great Green Wall/th

25、e tree planting project/planting trees/tree planting/building a great green wall of trees/the project of planting trees/the project of the Great Green Wall/bringing life to the dry lands/environmental protection/protecting the environment/ VIII .补全对话76. Yes, nothing much .77. Some of my paper-cuttin

26、g works will be shown there78. They are about flowers, birds and fishes79. Can I join your club?80. When and where shall we meet?81. . What about you/How about you/What about your speech/How about your speech/And you/How is your speech going/82. My favorite sport is football/Football is my favorite

27、(sport)/Football Soccer/I like football best/I love football best/83. How can I collect the information/How can I do it/What can I do/How can I prepare for it/ 84. (That)sounds good/(That's) (a) good idea/(That's) great/OK, I will do that/OK, I will try/you are right/I agree(with you )/That

28、would be great/I will do as what you say/That makes sense/ 85. You're welcome/That's all right/It's my pleasure/Not at all/That's OK/Don't mention it/No problem/ IX .书面表达【审题指导】本篇书面表达是一篇话题作文，要求考生描写独自在家照看妹妹的情况和感受。写作时使用第一人称；时态使用一般过去时。注意要保证内容完整、 发挥适当思路清晰、 语句通顺、行文连贯、语言丰富、书写规范。【写作指导】要点

29、提示素材串联开头：引出主题照看我五岁的妹妹 (look after my5-year old sister)止义：介绍照看妹妹的情况给她讲很多后趣的故事 (tell her many funny stories)一 快乐地唱歌和跳舞 (sing and dance happily together)教她说一些简单的英语单词(teach her to speak a few simple English words)煮西红柿鸡蛋囿 (cook noodles with tomatoes and eggs)休息(have a rest)起玩游戏 (play games together)看动画片(

30、watch cartoons)结尾：描述感感觉很累但很快乐(feel tired but happy )受One Possible versionLast Sunday, my parents were not at home, so I looked after my 5-year-old sister Nana at home .In the morning, I told her many funny stories first . Then we sang and danced happily together. I also taught her to speak a few sim

31、ple English words and she learned well . At noon, I cooked noodles with tomatoes and eggs. She said they were delicious . I was very glad that she enjoyed the lunch . Then we had a rest. In the afternoon, we played games together. After that, we watched cartoons until my parents came back . I felt t

32、ired but happy. 听力录音材料I.听对话,选答案第一节 听下面10段对话，每段对话后有一个问题，读两遍，请根据每段对话的内容和后面的问题，从所给的三个选项中选出最恰当的一项。1. W: Good morning, Dad .M: Good morning, Lisa!Q: Who are the two speakers?2. W: What a nice blue shirt I .M: Thank you . I got it from my aunt last week .Q: What color is the shirt?3. W: Can I help you, si

33、r?M: Yes. I'm new here and I get lost. I want to go to the bank .Q: Where does the man want to go .4. W: Tom, I'm hungry . Let's get something to eat.M: Good idea . Some dumplings are OK . I know you like them best .Q: What will they eat?5. W: Jack, I don't want to watch TV at home t

34、his weekend .M: Why not go climbing? Then we can get close to nature .Q: What's the man's advice?6. W: Sam, you did a good job in the reading test Congratulations!M: Thank you!Q: What test did Sam have?7. W: Look at the sun . It's so hot! It makes me feel terrible .M: Yeah. But the radio

35、 says it will be cloudy and rainy soon .Q: How's the weather now?8. W: I'm glad that my father will come back from London this Friday .M: Oh, you'll have to wait for another two days .Q: What day is it today?9. W: Wow, Peter. You play the guitar so well . How do you do that?M: I practice

36、 a lot and go to the music club every Sunday .Q: What club does the boy go to every Sunday .10. W: Steven, you have read so many books about acting .M: Yes. I want to play roles in famous films in the future .Q: What does the boy want to be?第二节听下面两段对话，每段对话后有几道小题，请根据每段对话的内容和后面的问题，从所给的三个选项中选出最恰当的一项。每段对话读两遍。听第11段对话，回答第11,12小题。W: Hello! This is Mary . Is that John speaking?M: Sorry . He's out. This is Sam.W: Hi, Sam! Could you take a message to him?M: Sure .W: Please tell him to call me back this afternoon .M: OK, I will .听第12段对话，回答第13至15小题。W: Good