英语音标发音规则表

1、音标1、音素：音素是英语中最小的语音单位，英语中有48个音素，其中 元音20个，辅音28个。2、音标：是记录音素的符号，用于区别字母，因而需加“口域3、48个音标r i： i曰9 U： u ： 0 35 6 A回 元音YJ 01 冏is ea us au au（P t k f s出口 tj tr isb阳 曰 v固 B d5 dr S辅音 m n同网jI h h I4、开音节：以元音字母结尾或以辅音字母加不发音的e结尾的单词， 叫开音节单词。在开音节单词中，元音字母发它本身的音。5、重音：读单词时总有一个响亮的音节叫重读音节，以.”来标记。6、句子重读：一般原则：有句子重读的是名词、动词、形容

2、词、 数词、副词、感叹词等。关键性原则：在一定场景下传递新信息的 关键词要重读。7、连读：同一句群中，前一词以辅音音素结尾，后一词以元音音素 开头，在语流中将这两个音素合拼在一起读，这种现象叫 连读”。1、字母或字母组合在重读音节或非重读音节中的读音A）元音字母在单词中的读音,、一 儿首字母以日说 明例词/ei/在重读开音节中name, make, plane, grade, cake, date, page, safe, face, gate/e/在ny前any, many, anyone, anything3/在重读闭首节中map, fat, sad, back, hand, catch,

3、 hat, ba glad, black, thank, actd,a/a/在w或wh后wash, want, watch, what/a：/在 s, ss, st前past, flash, last, glass, pass, class, basket/o：/在w后偶尔发"，water/ca/ar分开发音Mary, parent/a/在非重读音节中another, along, asleep, away, among, around/I/在非重读音节中village, comrade, palace,、一儿首字母读音说 明例词e/I/在重读开音节中me, be, we, he,

4、she, these, Chinese/e/在重读闭首节中get, rest, mend, next, left, then, help, wet, forget, dress, sell, spellJ却er分开发音zero在非重读音节中open, moment, SeptemberZi/在非重读音节中ticket, begin, behind, cinema, between/ai/在重读开音节中time, drive, ride, knife, wife, smile, why, sky, dry, try, fly, spy, JulyZi/在重读闭首节中hit, ill, lift,

5、 kill, twin, drink, pick, ship, wind, thin, ship, physicsi(y)门：/在重读开音节中police, machine/在非重读音节中April, holiday, beautiful/i/在非重读音节中office, instead, finish, city, family, really俯3在重读开音节中go, ago, nose, hope, whole, alone, hole phone, smoke, joke/a/在重读闭首节中clock, sock, shop, dog, cross, cock, bottle, knoc

6、k, song, strong/A/在 m, n, v, th 前love, son, some, mother, otherCi-AVwomano/u:/在某些重读开音 节中move, lose, who, whose/wi/one, once/a/在非重读音节中today, tomorrow, together, second在非重读音节中:onto, intou/ju：/在重读音节中use, student, duty, excuse, music在重读闭首节中but, cut, up, nut, duck, luck, lunch, sunny在重读闭首节中put, pull, pus

7、h, full/u:/在重读开音节中June, ruler/I/在个别单词中busy, business向在非重读音节中AugustB）辅音字母在单词中的读音辅音字母读音例词辅音字母读音例词b/b/busp/p/mapc/s/niceq一不 单独发 首/k/cupr/r/redd/d/day/s/yesf/f/fly/z/pleaseggates/口sure闷orangeusuallyh/h/het/t/catj应tjeepv/v/livek J/k/kitew/w/wayl/l/late/ks/nextm/m/myxgexample/n/niney/j/yearnIn!unclez/z/ze

8、ro重点辅音字母读音讲解:n在单词中的读音n在一般情 况下发/n/。如：kind, need, soon等。口后面为辅音音素闻/时发化由如：thinVB i ok/? hungiyfhAQgri/包括加前级皿响成的单词。如uncle叔人生i;rV （不清洁的）等0s在单词中的读音s在单词开头通常t支闾。如：sit, stop等。s后面的辅音字母 发清辅音时读/s/。如：desk, past, question, mistake以s结尾的复数名词，s前的辅音字母发清辅音时，词尾s读/s/。如：clocks, shops等。ss在单词中读/s/。如pass, lesson。s在两个元音音素之 间常

9、读/z/。如：music/' mju:zik/, visit/ 等；vizit/s 后面是浊辅音时读/口 如：liusbaiid/hzband/, seasGtV!3i:zn/W.加s构成的复数名词及单数第三人称动词形式中，s前面为浊辅音或元音时，s 读/z/。如：bags, plays, blows, ruler/。以皿开头的极少数单词中常读加=sur刈即售口£读出/仅限于usually, pleasure等极少数单词心C）元音字母组合在单词中的读音这类字母组合通常有两个元音字母组成，其中的元音字母 组合有 的只发一种音，有的发两种或两种以上的音。元音字 母组合读音说 明例

10、词ea/i:/在重读音节中team, clean, sea, tea, east, cheap, easy, speak, season, read/e/在重读音节中head, bread, ready, weather, health/a/在重读音节中idea, real, really/ei/在重读音节中great, breakai/ei/在个别重读音节词中train, rain wait, waiter/e/在重读音节中said, says/i/在非重读音节中mountm/inaunti E 山ee/i:/在重读音节中see, bee, free, sheep, feel, meet,

11、need, green, asleepey/ei/在重读音节中they, hey, obey （遵守）/i:/在个别重读音节词中key/i/在非重读音节中monkey, moneyeo/i:/在重读音节中peopleei/i:/在重读音节中receive/ri ' 6峋到）/ei/在字母组合eigh中eight, eighteen, weighou耳3在重读音节中ground, round, around, out, mouse, blouse在重读音节中young, country, touch, enough,double/u:/在个别重读音节词中group2t在情态动词中coul

12、d, should, wouldue/u:/e不发音blue/e/u不发音guess儿日子 母组合读音说 明例词/u:/词尾或词中zoo, soon, food, cool, tooth, noon, fooloo叔在k或d前cook, look, took, good, foot, wood在l和d之间blood/blAd/ （血）oa在重读音节中coat, goat, boatoy/oi/在重读音节中boy, enjoy, joy, toyoi/i/在重读音节中toilet, oil （油）ie/e/i不发音friend/i:/在重读音节中field, piece, thief （贼）Za

13、ia/在个别单词中quiet/ai/在词尾lie, die, tieau/：/在重读音节中autumn, daughter, August/a:/在个别重读音节词中auntay/ei/在重读音节中today, away, stay, may, say, play/i/在非重读音节中Monday, Sundayui/u:/在重读音节中fruitoe/u:/位于词尾shoeio/a i a/在重读音节中pioneeruy ye/ai/重读音节，词尾buy/ai/重读音节，词尾byeD）辅音字母组合在单词中的读音这类字母组合通常有两个辅音字母组成，大部分辅音字母组合只 有一种读音，有少数辅音字母组合

14、有两种或两种以上读音。辅音字读音 说 明例 词母组合4/大部分单词中which, lunch, chair, China, teachch/k/在少数单词中school, chemistry/ ' kemiStr/)/在个别单词中machineck/k/一般位于词尾clock, back, black辅音 字 母组 合以日说 明例词ng仰在词尾sing, song, bring, seeing在词中English, hungry, angry, strongersh小在词首、词中或词 尾shall, fishing, finish, washPh/f/一般在词首phone, photo

15、, physics/' (fZiks/wh/h/后为o时who, whose, whole/w/后为其它兀音字母 时when, which, why, wheregh/f/一般在词尾laugh, enough, coughth妤在词尾或以th开头 的名词、动词、形 容词、数词中both, tooth, fifth, south, thing, think, thick, third/e/在ther中及代词、 冠词、连词或副词 中another, feather, them, with, than, thenwr/r/在词首write, wrong, writerkn/n/在词首kno%

16、 knife, knowledge/holicfe/知识 Jtch即catch, match, watchdr/dr/一般位于词首drive, dry, dress, drinktr/tr/一般位于词首_tree, truck, train, trousersds/dz/一般在词尾beds, finds, handsts/ts/一般在词尾_students, lets, boats, cats, wantsE）元、辅音字母组合在单词中的读音这类字母组合有两类：一类是一个或两个元音字母与r组合，构成-r音节或-re音节。这是主要一类元辅音字母组合。另一类是一个元音 字母与除r以外的某个辅音字母组

17、合。这类元辅音字母组合数量很少元、辅音 字母组合以日说明例词好，重读音节中far, park, card, party, hard, start, March, farther, hardly （几乎不）ar在w后warm, war, warn（警告），quarter非重读音节中popular, similarer重读音节中her, term, certainly, prefer/a/非重读音节中farmer, worker, writer, letter, waiter元、辅音 字母组合读音说 明例词ir/s：/重读音节中girl, shirt, first, third, bird, di

18、rty/：/重读音节中short, sport, horse, born, northor/a:/在w后work, word, world, worse, worst非重读音节q中doctor, visitor （游客）ur招了重读音节中turn, hurl:（受伤），Thursday, purple purseare抡0/重读音节中care, careful, hare/ia/重读音节中near, hear, clear, dear, nearly/a：/重读音节中early, earth, learn, heardear,/ca/少数词中tear, pear, bear熊）/0:/个别词中

19、heart重读音节中where, thereere/ ia/重读音节中hereore重读音节中before, more, scoreire重读音节中tired, hire（雇用），fire （火）eer重读音节中deer （鹿），pioneerureAJ9/重读音节中sure间非重读音节中pleasure, picture, treasur的宝）eir/ea/重读音节中theirair/tea/重读音节中chair, hair, pair, fair（金色的）/:/重读音节中four, fourth, course, pour（倒； 灌注）our/Sum/重读音节中hour间非重读音节中col

20、ouroor/0：/一般读用"door, floorAJ9/个别词中poor/：/一般读用“call, walk, talk, tall, smallal/orl/以al开头的副词also, always, already, almost/a：/个别词中half兀、辅首 字母组 合读音说 明例词ow/eu/重读或非重读音 节中slow, blow, show, snow, throw, window, yellow, borrow,tomorrowi05重读音节中now, how, cow, down, brownew般读/ju:/few, knew, news, newspaper

21、不规则动词过去 式中threw, drew, flew, grewII/au/个别词中sew（缝纫）t.tionJan/一般读打5station, dictionary, operationAfar/在s后questionaw/：/重读音节中draw, law （法律）dge画只有g发音bridge, fridge, judge；（法官）igh/ai/只有i发音light, night, bright, fight, highough只有ou发音bought, brought, thoughtaugh只有au发音daughter, taught, caughtind/aind/二个字母都发音k

22、ind, find, mind, behindold | /auld/三个字母都发音 sold, told, cold, holdF）不发音的字母和字母组合英语单词的读音和拼写形式虽然联系紧密，但并不是完全对应的, 有很多单词中的某一字母或几 个字母不发音。单词不发音的字母中， 既有元音字母或字母 组合，也有辅音字母或字母组合。不发音的字母 或字母组合给拼写单词带来了一定的困难，但也不是无规律可循的。 请看下表：不发音的字 母 或字母组合说 明例词e以e结尾的相对开音节词 中rice, noseo构成成音节的-son中lesson, season, personugu在词首时guessea在个

23、别词中beautifuluegue在词尾时dialogue, league不发音的字 母 或字母组合说 明例词b在词尾且其前面为字母m时climb, tomb/tu:m/坟墓g词尾为gn时sign, foreignkkn在词开头时一know, knifenmn在词尾时autumngh在i, ou, au后面时light, night, thought, daughterl在ould或个别含al的词 中could, would, halfc在含tch的词中catch, watch, matchd在含dge的词中bridge, fridgewwr位于词首时write, wrong其它ss, rr,

24、 ff, mm 只发一个字 母的音lesson, worry, bell, office, swim-minganswer,hour,island,Wednesday含同一种读音的字母和字母组合 A）按元音音素归纳， 兀首/1：/字母及 字母组合e例词beqq，兀首川字母及 字母组合i例词twinetheseiliveeesheepeEnglisheateamowomeniepieceubusyipolicemanysydneyeopeopleuibuildey Jkeyw/u:/aglad/e/e earest heada uhave ruleriefriendomoveamanyueblue，兀首字母及 字母组 合例词，兀首字母及 字母组