北京市2020学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题(含解析)(4)

1、第一学期期末检测试卷高一英语本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答 无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。One day, my wife wanted me to take my mother out to dinner and a movie. She said, "I know she loves you a

2、nd would love to spend some time with you." Mymother 1 (be) a widow (寡妇)for 19 years, but the demands of my work and my three 2(child)had made it impossible to visit her very often. That night I called to invite her to go out for dinner and a movie. She thought about it for a moment, and then s

3、aid, "I would like 3 (spend) the night with you very much."【答案】1. has been2. children 3. to spend【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的母亲生前为作者做的事，告诉读者爱就是那个心里 对某人的不离不弃。【1题详解】考查现在完成时态。句意：我母亲已经守寡19年了。可知，句子用现在完成时态，再根据句子主语是 My mother ,属于单数第三人称，故填 has been。【2题详解】考查名词复数。根据空格前的three可知，空格后面的名词用复数形式，故填 children 。【3

4、题详解】考查固定结构。句意：我很想和你一起过夜。固定结构：would like to do sth."愿意做某事”。故填 to spend 。B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch 4 the people that we want to. Social media tools let us see what our friends are doing 5 we have

5、 a Wi-Fi connection. The digital age also enables us to find people 6 share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy 7 (do) them, even if they live on the other side of the world.【答案】4.

6、 with5. if/when 6. who7. doing 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是高科技时代，是互联网把我们联系在一起。 【4题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：如今，我们可以周游世界，仍然与我们想要的人保持联系。固定搭配： stay in touch with sb. "与保持联系"。故填 with 。【5题详解】考查连词。句意：如果我们有Wi-Fi连接，社交媒体工具可以让我们看到朋友们在做什么。/当我们有 Wi-Fi连接时，社交媒体工具让我们看到我们的朋友在做什么。结合句意，可知此 处是if引导的条件状语从句或when弓I导的时间状语从句。故填 if/

7、when 。【6题详解】考查定语从句。句意：数字时代还使我们能够找到与我们有共同兴趣的人，比如收集汽车模 型或演奏一种不同寻常的乐器。此处people是先行词，指人，放在后面的定语从句中作主语，故填whOo【7题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：不管我们的爱好是什么，互联网可以把我们和那些喜欢做这些事情的 人联系起来，即使他们住在世界的另一端。固定搭配：enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”。此处是动名词作宾语，故填doing 。【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题第 3小题中先行词为名词 people ,再分

8、析先行 词people在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词people带到从句中可知，只能作主语，故确定关系词为who。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Spring usually 8 (begin) on February 3-5 every year. From this day on, thedays get longer and the weather gets9(warm). In addition, from this day tosummer, we usually call this p

9、eriod the spring. Besides, it's also a traditionalfestival in China - on behalf of the beginning of the new year. So it 10 (value)greatly by Chinese people. There exists the popular custom of eating spring rolls and cakes on that day, so it has another saying of biting spring.【答案】8. begins9. war

10、mer 10. is valued这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述春天给我们带来变化。- 3 -【8题详解】考查一般现在时态。句意：春天通常在每年的2月3-5日开始。根据 every year 可知句子用般现在时态，再根据句子主语Spring是单数第三人称，故填 begins 。【9题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：从这-天开始，白天变长，天气变暖。根longJP口此考查一般现在时态的被动语态。句意：因此，它被中国人非见。此处.v#是动词，意.3 tI处用形容词比较级，故填【10题详解】warmer。思是“重视”，这里在将一个客观事实，且句子主语用一般现在时态的被动语态，故填 is valued 。第二

11、节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共阅读下面短文。掌握其大意，从每题所给的题卡上将该项涂黑。Who to Believe?My doctors told me I would never walk again because of the illness. My mother told me I would. I believed my mother.Wilma Rudolph was born in 1940 into a very large and poor African-American family in Tennessee. Whenshe was four years o

12、ld, a deadly 11 made her left leg useless. She had to wear an iron leg brace（固定器） .Her doctors told her she would never12 like a normal person without the brace.13 she was fortunate inhaving a mother who encouraged her to have faith and 14.At nine years of age, the little girl 15 the leg brace and t

13、ook the stepthat her doctors had said was 16 . Then she got the incredible idea that she would like to be the world's greatest woman 17 Now, what cold she mean - be aprofessional sportswoman with a useless leg?At the age of thirteen, she began to enter races, but she came in last in every race.

14、Everyone begged her to 18 it. One day, however, she came in next to last. Then there came a day when she won a race. From then on, she 19 every racethat she entered.In 1957, Wilma went to Tennessee State University, where she met a 20 named Ed Temple. He trained her so well that in 1960 she went to

15、the Olympic Games in Rome. There she 21 a German girl named Jutta Heine, the greatest woman runner of the day. Wilma had just won two Olympic gold medals both in the 100-metre sprint （冲刺）and the 200-metre sprint. Then came the 400-metre 22. It wouldbe Wilma against Jutta. When the third runner hande

16、d the baton（接力棒） to Wilma,she was so excited that she 23 it, and Wilma saw Jutta taking off down thetrack. It was impossible that anybody could catch this girl. But Wilma did just that! Wilma Rudolph had 24 her third Olympic gold medal in the 17th Olympic Games.That day Wilma made history as she bec

17、ame the first womanto win three gold medals in the same Olympic Games. Later she said. "The success can't be reached without the25. I have spent a lifetime trying to share what it has meant to be a womanfirst in the world of sports so that other young women have a chance to reach theirWilma

18、 had never _27that shewould not walk again and she kept strugglingand finally earned the titleof the world's28_woman. Her story told us itis our29that show what we truly are far more than our30.11. A. fallB. cutC. illnessD. accident12 A. learnB. walkC.danceD.speak13. A. AndB. ForC. SoD. Yet14. A

19、. courageB. stageC. intelligenceD.collection15. A. removedB. boughtC. appliedD. checked16. A. dependableB. unnecessaryC. impossibleD.reasonable17. A. doctorB. runnerC. writerD. lawyer18. A. changeB. challengeC. acceptD. stop19. A. wonB. examinedC. reflectedD.practised20. A. professorB. reporterC. co

20、achD.scientist21. A. metB. beatC. huggedD. observed22. A. relayB. trainingC. fencingD. swimming23. A. caughtB. heldC. grabbedD. dropped24. A. designedB. earnedC. madeD. found25. A. struggleB. medalC. praiseD. brace26. A. careersB. dreamsC. titlesD.resources27. A. realizedB. expressedC. believedD.reg

21、retted28. A. smartestB. richestC. fastestD. bravest29. A. educationB. confidenceC. adventureD. choices30. A. responsibilitiesB. performancesC. experiencesD.abilities【答案】 11. C 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. A 16. C 17. B 18. D 19.A 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. C29. D 30. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记

22、叙文。文章讲述了三枚奥运金牌获得者 Wilma Rudolph 的故事。医生曾宣布她如果不带支架就不能走路，然而她在九岁时迈出了不可思议的第一步，她想成为世界上最伟大的女跑步运动员，最终她在第 17 届奥运会上赢得三枚金牌。她的故事告诉我们，我们的选择远比我们的能力更能反映出我们的本性。【 11 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。 句意： 当她四岁时， 一场致命的疾病使她的左腿失去了功能。 A. fall 落下，跌倒； B. cut 切。割，伤口； C. illness 疾病； D. accident 事故。根据第1 空后的 madeher left leg useless 可知，她得了“疾病”。故选

23、C。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的医生告诉她，如果不带支架，她走路就不会像正常人一样。A. learn 学习； B. walk 散步； C. dance 跳舞； D. speak 讲话。根据like a normal personwithout the brace. 可知，没有支架就不能“走路”。故选B。【13题详解】考查并列连词。句意：但幸运的是，她有一个鼓励她有信心和勇气的母亲。A. And和；B. For因为；C. So 所以；D. Yet 然而。根据 she would never 2 like a normal person withoutthe brace. 和 she

24、 was fortunate 可知，前后是一种转折关系，故选D。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但幸运的是，她有一个鼓励她有信心和勇气的母亲。 A. courage勇气； B. stage 舞台； C. intelligence 智力； D. collection 收集。 根据空格 4 前的 encouragedher to have faith 可知，妈妈鼓励她，让她有了自信和“勇气”。故选A。【15题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：九岁时，小女孩取下了腿上的支架，迈出了医生说不可能的一步。A. removed 去掉，转移； B. bought 买； C. applied 应用； D.

25、checked 核对。根据took thestep 可知，“取下”了支架。故选A。16题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：九岁时，小女孩取下了腿上的支架，迈出了医生说不可能的一步。A. dependable 可靠的；B. unnecessary 不必要的；C. impossible 不可能的；D. reasonable 合情合理的。 根据前文 Her doctors told her she would never 2 like a normal person without the brace. 可知，医生认为没支架走路是"不可能"。故选 C。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨

26、析。句意：然后她有了一个不可思议的想法，她想成为世界上最伟大的女跑步运动员。A. doctor 医生；B. runner 跑步者；C. writer 作者；D. lawyer 律师。根据空 格 7 后的 Now, what cold she mean be a professional sportswoman with a useless leg? 可知，她想成为一个“跑步者”。故选 Bo【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都恳求她停止。A. change改变；B. challenge 挑战；C. accept 接受； D. stop 停止。根据 she began to enter

27、races, but she came in last inevery race. Everyone begged her 可知，人们祈求她"停止"。故选 Do 【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，她参加的每一场比赛都获胜。A. won赢得；B. examined检查； C. reflected 反射； D. practised 练习。根据 when she won a race. From then on, 和every race that she entered. 可知，她“赢得”每场比赛。故选A。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意： 1957年，威尔玛去

28、了田纳西州立大学，在那里她遇到了一位名叫艾德坦普尔的教练。A. professor 教授；B. reporter 记者；C. coach 教练；D. scientist科学家。根据空格 10 后的 He trained her so well that in 1960 she went to the Olympic Games in Rome.可知，Ed Temple 是一名"教练"。故选C。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她打败了一个名叫尤塔海涅的德国女孩，她是当时最伟大的女赛跑运动员。 A. met遇见；B. beat打败；C. hugged拥抱；D. o

29、bserved 观察。根 据第 11 空后的 Wilma had just won two Olympic gold medals both in the 100-metre sprint（冲刺）and the 200-metre sprint. 可知，她"打败"了 Jutta Heine 。故选 B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：接着是400米接力赛。A. relay 接力赛；B. training 训练；C. fencing 佥U术； D. swimming 游泳。根据下文的 hen the third runner handed the baton- 7 -（

30、接力棒） to Wilma 可知，此处指400 米“接力比赛”。故选 A。【 23 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当第三名选手把接力棒交给威尔玛时，她激动得把接力棒掉了，威尔玛看到尤塔沿着跑道起跑。 A. caught 抓住； B. held 握住，举行； C. grabbed 捕获； D. dropped 下降。根据空格 13 下文， Wilma saw Jutta taking off down the track.It was impossible that anybody could catch this girl. But Wilma did just that!可知， Wilma

31、 由于兴奋没有接住接力棒。故选D。【 24 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：威尔玛鲁道夫在第17届奥运会上获得了她的第三枚奥运金牌。A. designed 设计；B. earned 挣得；C. made制造；D. found 发现。根据前文的Wilma hadjust won two Olympic gold medals both in the 100-metre sprint （冲刺） and the 200-metre sprint. 和空格 14 后的 her third Olympic gold medal in the 17th Olympic Games可知，她“赢得”了第三枚奥

32、运金牌。故选B。【 25 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有奋斗就不可能取得成功。 A. struggle 挣扎，奋斗； B. medal 奖牌； C. praise 赞扬； D. brace 支架，夹子。根据空格 7 后的 Now, what cold she mean -be a professional sportswoman with a useless leg?和她在第 17 届奥运会上获得3 枚金牌，可知，没有奋斗，就没有成功。故选A。【 26 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我花了一生的时间来分享在体育界作为女性的意义，这样其他年轻女性就有机会实现她们的梦想。 A. caree

33、rs 职业； B. dreams 梦想； C. titles 标题；D. resources 资源。根据other young women have a chance 可知，通过自己成功的例子，她认为其他女性也有机会实现自己的“梦想”。故选B。【 27 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：威尔玛从来没有想过她再也不能走路了，她一直在努力奋斗，最终赢得了世界上跑得最快的女人的称号。 A. realized 意识到； B. expressed 表达； C.believed 相信； D. regretted 后悔。根据never 17 that she would not walk again可知，她从

34、来不“相信”医生说的她不能走路。故选C。【 28 题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：威尔玛从来没有想过她再也不能走路了，她一直在努力奋斗，最终赢得了世界上跑得最快的女人的称号。 A. smartest 最聪明的； B. 最 richest 富裕的；C. fastest 最快速的； D. bravest 最勇敢的。她获得了 100 米、 200 米和 400 米接力的金牌，可知她是世界上跑的“最快的”女性。故选C。【 29 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的故事告诉我们，我们的选择远比我们的能力更能反映出我们的本性。 A. education 教育； B. confidence 自信； C.

35、adventure 冒险； D. choices 选择。根据上文Then she got the incredible idea that she would like to be the world's greatestwoman 7. 可知，“选择”非常重要。故选 D。【 30 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的故事告诉我们，我们的选择远比我们的能力更能反映出我们的本性。 A. responsibilities 责任； B. performances 演出； C. experiences 经历； D. abilities能力。通过她成功的例子，证明选择比“能力”更能反映出本性。故

36、选D。【点睛】在做完形填空时一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/inaddition/what s more/though 等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作用。像 but （但是） 、 however （然而） ， 表示转折， 这说明前后的内容相反或相对。 把握住这一点， 做起题来就会得心应手。本题第3小题，句意：但幸运的是，她有一个鼓励她有信心和勇气的母亲。A. And和；B. For因为；C. So 所以；D. Yet 然而。根据 she would never 2 like a normal

37、person withoutthe brace. 和 she was fortunate 可知，前后是一种转折关系，故选D。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节， 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWelcome to the 4-Day Wonderful Life ExperienceThis 4-day sightseeing tour covers the most famous elements （元素） of China: the historical sites

38、, natural scenery, unique culture, and lovely giant pandas.Day 1 Beijing ArrivalYour guide will meet you at the arrivals hall. An experienced driver will transfer you to your hotel. Your guide will help you to check-in.You may start your first day wandering through Tian'anmen Square and arrive a

39、tthe Forbidden City to have a little adventure in the previous home to emperors. After lunch at a local restaurant, you'll explore the centuries-old hutongs to get a taste of the locals' lifestyle:making dumplings in a local family's home, trying your handat Chinese writing brush, or app

40、lying Peking Opera facial makeup.Day 2 The Summer Palace and the Great WallFreshen up in the morning and start your day at Summer Palace, enjoying the300-year-old royal garden. Take a pleasant boat ride on the lake and take a walk in the long corridors （走廊） to view the beautiful paintings on the cei

41、lings.After enjoying some Beijing Roast Duck for lunch, we'll go on our tour to visitthe Great Wall at Mutianyu. Walk through the watchtowers, enjoying a wonderful viewof the wall winding across the mountains. The cable car to a good section of the Great Wall is included.Day 3 The Terracotta Arm

42、y （兵马俑）At 7 in the morning, you will be driven to the airport for your flight to Xi'an.Your guide will be waiting for you and will transfer you to your hotel.Everything in Xi'an is about history. The Terracotta Army, with each figure being unique, has guarded Emperor Qin Shi Huang's tomb

43、 since 210 BC.After lunch, you'll visit the 600-year-old ancient city wall. Walking along Xi'an City Wall provides a good view of the city.Day 4 One-Day Panda Keeper ProgramIn the morning, you'll get onto a high-speed train to Chengdu, where you can getclose to giant pandas. You will get

44、 very close to them and learn more about them during the Panda Keeper Program in Dujiangyan Panda Base. Under the guidance of an English-speaking member of staff, you will clean the panda enclosures, feed a panda by hand and make cakes for them.After the tour, the driver will transfer you to the air

45、port at 9 pm, and takeyou all the way to the security gate for your convenience.China visas provided PLUS a free dinner or snack tourValid: Nov.20, 2019-Dec.2, 2020Please click here for more detailed information.31. The passage is mainly introducing .A. the culture and history of ChinaB. a sightseei

46、ng program in ChinaC. some famous buildings in ChinaD. some special experiences in China32. Those places are chosen to be introduced because .A. the sceneries are beautifulB. they are symbols of ChinaC. their buildings are world famousD. their culture and history arefamous33. The intended readers of

47、 the passage are .A. parentsB. researchersC. historiansD. foreigners【答案】 31. B 32. B 33. D【解析】本文是广告类阅读。这篇文章主要介绍了中国的一个观光旅游项目欢迎来到四天的精彩生活体验。【 31 题详解】主旨大意题。根据标题Welcome to the 4-Day Wonderful Life Experie nce "欢迎来到为期4 天的精彩人生体验”和第一段This 4-day sightseeing tour covers the most famouselements （元素） of Ch

48、ina: the historical sites, natural scenery, unique culture, and lovely giant pandas. “这趟为期四天的观光之旅涵盖了中国最著名的元素 : 名胜古迹、自然 风光、独特的文化和可爱的大熊猫。”可知，这篇文章主要介绍了中国的一个观光旅游项目。故选 B。【 32 题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段This 4-day sightseeing tour covers the most famous elements（元素） of China: the historical sites, natural scenery, un

49、ique culture, and lovelygiant pandas. “这趟为期四天的观光之旅涵盖了中国最著名的元素: 名胜古迹、自然风光、独特的文化和可爱的大熊猫。”和文中介绍的四天所体验的地方。可知，之所以选择这些地方作为介绍对象，是因为它们是中国的象征。故选 B。【 33 题详解】推理判断题。文中所介绍的这些地方是中国的象征符号，为中国人所熟悉。再根据文章最后China visas provided PLUS a free dinner or snack tour “中国签证还提供免费的晚餐或 小吃之旅”。由此推知，这篇文章的目标读者是外国人。故选D。BWang Daheng, F

50、ather of Chinese Optical EngineeringIn 1949, the field of applied optical （光学） science didn't exist in China. Understanding its importance for national strength, the Chinese government paid much attention to optical research.WangDaheng, a respected optical physicist, devoted his whole life to th

51、is cause. He kept watching on the development of China's first optical glass, first electronic microscope, first laser device, and first large-size optical measuring equipment, and helped to found the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He was called the father of Chinese optical engineering.As a te

52、enager, WangDaheng often followed his father to the observatory and became greatly interestedin the apparatus （仪器） there. In 1936, he graduated from TsinghuaUniversity with a degree in physics. Two years later, he won a government scholarship to study in England. After earning his master's degre

53、e from Imperial College London in 1940, he began his doctoral studies in optical physics and technology.In 1948, Wang gave up his established career and comfortable life in the Westand returned to his motherland with the aim of empowering it （增强它的自主权） through science and technology. At the time Chin

54、a did not have the capability to produce optical measuring equipment on its own. In 1951, Wang was instructed to found an institute of fine mechanics and was appointed its first president. Within less thantwo years, Wang and his team produced the first group of China-made optical glass.Over the foll

55、owing six years, they went on to develop the country's first electronic microscope, first high-precision theodolite （经纬仪） , first optical range finder, and five other optical devices, laying the foundation for China's precision optical instrument industry. In 1961, they independently develop

56、ed the ruby laser in China.In addition to scientific research, Wang advanced the study of optics in higher education.Starting in the 1960s, Wang participated in optical research related to thedevelopment of nuclear bombs, missiles, and man-made satellites. In 1970, Chinasuccessfully launched the Don

57、gfanghong I satellite, of which Wang was one of thedesigners. When the satellite returned to Earth, the devices they designed broughtback clear images of our home planet as seen from the outer space for the first time.To close the technological gap between China and developed countries, Wang andthree other scientistsmade the suggestion of drawing up a state hi-tech developmentplan in 1986, which led to the famous 863 Program.In 1992, Wangand a group of other scientists called for the creati