(全)初中英语-巧变宾语从句

1、初中英语-巧变宾语从句宾语从句"三个三"三种类型、三个步骤和三点注意初三同学复习宾语从句,应抓住关键.如果掌握了以下三点,定会收到事半功倍 的效果.一、三种类型宾语从句一共有三种类型：l.that引导的宾语从句陈述句变宾从.如:He said that it was Sunday yesterday.2.if/whether引导的宾语从句一般疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句变宾从.如：Could you tell me if/whether there will be a test next week?3.when, which等连接代词或连接副词特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊

2、 疑问句变宾从.如:I don't know how I can get there.二、三个步骤变宾语从句应遵循以下三个步骤：1 .确定引导词 根据从句的句子类型选择正确的引导词：如从句为陈述句那么引导词为that(that 在口语中常省略)；如从句是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意疑问句,那么引导词 为if或whether;如从句是特殊疑问句,那么引导词为特殊疑问词本身.2 .调整语序宾语从句永远是陈述句语序.如原句是疑问句,那么应调整为陈述句语序.如：1) Is he going to the shop? I want to know.(改为宾语从句)I want to know i

3、f/whether he is going to the shop.2 ) When does he get up? Do you know?(改为宾语从句)Do you know when he gets up?3 .变换时态A.如主句动词是一般现在时或一般将来时,那么宾语从句根据实际情况用所需要 的任何时态.如：1) He says (that) he will finish the work tomorrow.2) I think (that) they have already gone to Beijing.B.如主句动词是一般过去时,那么宾语从句动词的时态用过去时的某种形式(如,

4、一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等.).如：1) She asked if/whether he was leaving for Shanghai soon.2 He said that they had a very good journey home.另外,还需考虑标点的使用和人称的变化.A.带宾语从句的主从复合句的标点由主句的句子类型决定,如主句是陈述句,那么 用句号；如主句是疑问句,那么用问号.如：1 When do we arrive? We don't know.改为宾语从句We don't know when we arrive.2 What tim

5、e does the ship leave? Do you know?改为宾语从句Do you know what time the ship leaves?B.人称变化的规那么是"一主、二宾、三不变"：需变宾语从句的句子的人称如是第 一人称,那么随主句的主语变主句主语是第几人称,那么宾语从句变为第几人称； 如是第二人称,那么随主句的宾语变主句宾语是第几人称,那么宾语从句变为第几 人称；如是第三人称,那么不要变宾语从句仍用第三人称.如：1 Shall I go there? He asked me.改为宾语从句He asked me if/whether he would

6、go there.2 Will you go there? He asked me.改为宾语从句He asked me if/whether I would go there.3 Will she go there? He asked me.改为宾语从句He asked if/whether she would go there.明白了宾语从句的三种类型和变宾语从句的三个步骤z还要注意三种特殊情况：1 .否认的转移当主句的动词为think, believe等时,那么宾语从句不能用否认形式.如宾语从句 中含有否认,那么该否认要转移到主句中去.如：1) Chickens can't swi

7、m, I think.(改为宾语从句)I don't think (that) chickens can swim.2 ) It won't rain. I think.(改为宾语从句)I don't think (that) it will rain.3 .时态不变当主句动词为过去时,而宾语从句讲的是客观性事实或科学真理等时,那么时态不 变.如：lThe earth goes around the sun. The teacher said.(改为宾语从句)The teacher said (that) the earth goes around the sun.2)

8、 Light travels much faster than sound. The scientist said .(改为宾语从句)The scientist said (that) light travels much faster than sound.3.“两副面孔" if和when既能引导宾语从句,又能引导状语从句.因此,碰到此种情况要认清 具一种形式的"两副面孔,从而具体情况,具体对待.如：1) I don't know if/when he will come tomorrow.2) If/When he comes, you'll tell

9、me about it.1)中的if或when是引导宾语从句,它的时态根据实际情况用一般将来时2)中 的if或when是引导状语从句,它的时态根据状语从句的规那么用一般现在时代 替一般将来时.另外,还应注意当主句中含有say to ( said to )变宾从时,要把它们变为 tell/ask(told/asked)(如宾从是陈述句那么用tell/told ,如宾从是疑问句那么用 ask/asked ).如：1) The teacher said to me, "It is very cold in Moscow."(改为宾语从句)The teacher told me (

10、that) it was very cold in Moscow.2) The teacher said to me, "Does she like the book?"(改为宾语从句)The teacher asked me if/whether she liked the book.巧变感慨句一一断、二加、三换位把含有形容词或副词的句子变为感慨句,用一断、二加、三换位"的方法即可.一 .“一断是指第一步是在谓语动词后把句子断开.例如：1. This is / a beautiful flower.2. The flower is / very beautifu

11、l.二.二加是指在断开后的句子的第二局部加感慨句的引导词What或How.如第二局部中央词是名词加What,如是形容词或副词那么加How,如有very, too 等这样的词应去掉.例如：1. This is / What a beautiful flower.2. The flower is / How beautiful.三.一三换位是指把第一、二局部交换位置,且注意大、小写,加感慨号即可例如：1. What a beautiful flower this is!2. How beautiful the flower is!附：练习题：把以下各句变为感慨句.1. It is a good i

12、dea.2. This is an interesting story.3. They are delicious food.4. They are delicious.5 He works very hard.6. He is running fast.答案：1. What a good idea it is!2. What an interesting story this is!3. What delicious food they are!4. How delicious they are!5. How hard he works!6. How fast he is running!多

13、位数基数词读法口诀英语基数词1-20有对应的单词,例如,one, two, three, .;表达“几十几"就 是在“几十"后边加"几",中间加连字符即可,例如,21 twenty-one, 32 thirty-two, .;表达“几百几十几"就是在"几百"后加"几十几",中间加"and"即 可,例如,142 one hundred and forty-two,366 three hundred and sixty-six, . o英语多位数的基数词的读法口诀如下：从右向左三逗,排,

14、一逗千(thousand ),二逗百万million ,三逗就是十亿billion ,左右三位分开读,保你又快又喜欢.例如,3333333333一3,333,333,333 three billion, three hundred and thirty-three million, three hundred and thirty-three thousand, three hundred and thirty-three, 10000000 一 10,000,000 ten million, . o练习题：1 .用英语读出以下基数词.1.58,600 2.694,320 3.1,008,00

15、0 4.85,002,000 5.3,000,000,000n.写出以下基数词.l.six thousand seven hundred and eighty-nine2 .thirty-four thousand five hundred and sixty-four3 .seven hundred and eighty thousand and thirty-two4 .five million three hundred thousand5 .one billion one hundred million答案:I. l.fifty-eight thousand, six hundred1

16、.51 x hundred and ninety-four thousand, three hundred and twenty1.52 e million eight thousand4 .eighty-five million, two thousand5 .three billionn. 1.6,789 2.34,564 3.780,032 4.5,300,000 5.1,100,000,000巧学感使动词英语中使役动词和感官动词后常接动词原形,在强调动作正在进行时感官动词后 可接动词的-ing形式.在初中英语中这样的动词有"10个半",可用口诀帮助记忆："

17、一感(feel)、- DJt( listen, hear )x 三让(make, let, have )、四看(look, see, watch, notice )、 半帮助(help ) (help后既可接动词原形,也可接动词不定式)"例如：l.The boy made the girl cry yesterday.昨天那个男孩把这个女孩弄哭了.2.1 saw the children playing football on the playground jut now刚刚我看 见孩子fl正在操场上踢足球.3.The teacher helped me (to)study English.老师帮助我学习英语.值得注意的是在变为被动语态时,这些动词后接的动词原形要改为动词不定式, 即在动词原形前要加上动词不定式符号"to".也可用口诀帮助记忆：&