世界上最好的新概念笔记之第三课“ Matterhorn man”

1、Lesson 3 Matterhorn man - Matterhorn'mæt:,h:n n.马特洪峰（阿尔卑斯山峰之一，位于瑞士与意大利之间的边境）New words and expressions1.alpinist'ælpnstn. 登山家/登山运动员(高水平的攀爬)-climber'klamn.1.攀缘植物 2.攀高枝者 (social climber) 3.登山者/攀岩者 4. 爬杆脚扣/铁钉助爬器 -mountaineermant'n n登山者 vi . climb mountains for pleasure as a spo

2、rt-alpsælps n. 阿尔卑斯山脉/山-alpine'ælpanadj.1.阿尔卑斯山的/居民的 2.生长于树木线以上的/高山生长的 3. 具有阿尔卑斯人种特征的2.pioneer pa'nn.1.先驱/开拓者 2.拓荒者 vt.1.开辟 2. 首创/倡导 3.拓荒 -pioneeringpa'nradj. 开创性的/首创的Yu Minhong pioneered XDF in 1993, and eventually became a pioneer in the foreign languages training realm.

3、3.summit'smtn. 1.政府领导会议/首脑会议=summit meeting (国家之间)元首级会谈/峰会 2.最高水平/阶层/最大程度 3.顶点(山/山丘) vt.到达山顶-peakpikn.1.峰值 2.鼎盛时期 3. 最高水平/阶层/最大程度 4.顶点 5.一个V形 6. (帽子等的)帽舌/遮檐 v.1.(使)达到最高峰 2.(使)达到最大量 3.变消瘦 peak and pine 变得消瘦且憔悴adj. 1.最高/最大量的 2.高峰的 peak hours 高峰时间 peak season 旺季The scenery 'sinr风景;舞台布景is at the

4、 peak of the mountain.无限风光在顶峰。-toptpn.1.任何东西上部top to toe 从头到脚 2. 一切东西最顶部 3. 美棒球(一局比赛的)前半局= the first half上半场 4. 最高水平/阶层/最大程度at the top of 5. 船舶学桅楼/桅杆台 6.陀螺玩具 7.外套(女) 8. 美国俚语(尤指马戏团的)大帐篷 v.1.超过 2.不接触的跳过/越过 3.在.最高点；组成/构成了顶部 4. 比强/优秀 5.提供盖(或顶) ；给加盖(或顶) 6.到达/升到顶部 7. 【体育】击球的上部/击(球)使向前旋转 8. 切断/截去顶端to top a

5、 tall tree 9.成为最终的结果 10. 结束/完结They topped off their dinner with a cognac ; top the evening with champagne4.attain'tenv.1.经过努力得到/到达 2.出乎意料的发现/找到/获得-attain ones goal=realize'rilaz= attain to 达到/获得/实现-conquer'kkv.1.克制/武力镇压 conquer one's desires 2.武力掠夺 3.征服/打败 conquer your fears conquer

6、a country- get to到达-arrive at/in到达-attain ones goal=realize= attain to= attain-attain the top/peak/summit达到顶点-attainment'tenm()nt= accomplishment 'kmplm()nt; 'km-n. 1.达到/完成的行为 2. 常作复数技能/学识-the attainment of independence his attainment of puberty was delayed by malnutrition形近词：-obtainb

7、9;ten vt/vi1. 获得How did you obtain the visa?-sustains'sten v.1.延长(空间/时间) 2.经受(伤痛/疾病) 3.提供营养(物) 4. 保持/维持 5. 确认/证明合法 6. 用使稳固/证实/加强-detaind'ten vt. 1.拘留； 2.使停止/暂停 3. 耽搁，使延迟-retainr'ten vt.1.保存This soil retains water ; I retain this drug for a long time2.仍然是；保留在位置=remain She retains a lawyer

8、 3.保持于脑中 I cannot retain so much information5.perilous'perlsadj.让人担惊受怕的 -a perilous voyage'vd across the Atlantic in a small boat-peril'perln.1. (损失东西的/遭受不幸的) 危险的情形 2.冒险vt.1.威胁；使危险 2. 置于危险中/不利条件/困境的环境中-precariouspr'kersadj.1.靠不住的a precarious truce 2.担惊受怕的the precarious life of an und

9、ersea diver 3.不安全的a precarious footing on the ladder-avalanche'ævl:nt n/v雪崩；-riskrsk 1. (损失东西的/遭受不幸的)危险的情形 2.感染危险性 3.曝光的风险vt.1.冒的危险 2.冒险干-risky'rskadj.1.危险的 2.担风险的 3. 冒险的-dangerous'dendrsadj. 危险的6.shudder'd n1.战栗(恐惧/惊吓/疾病) v.1.冷的发抖 2.恐惧/兴奋神经性的抽动 -shiver 'vn.1.战栗(恐惧/惊吓/兴奋) v.

10、1. 恐惧/兴奋神经性的抽动 2. 冷的发抖-tremble  'trembl n/vi颤抖；战栗；摇晃；发抖； v.1.摇晃；战栗-quiver  'kwv n.1.战栗(动作) 2. 箭袋 3.震动行为vt/vi. 1.抖动大动作颤抖 2.震动 3.有规则的交替行为7.court （multiple 'mltpl meanings'mnz多义词）-courtier  'kt n. 朝臣；奉承者；谄媚者-courteous 'ktjs adj. 彬彬有礼的；谦恭的-court  kt

11、n. 法院；球场；朝廷；奉承 ；求婚 vt. 招致（失败、危险等）；追求 ；求婚- prideprad n.1.自尊心 2.对成就/成绩满意/自豪take pride in 3.自大/骄傲 4.一群狮子 v. be proud of 以而骄傲 pride oneself on以自鸣得意 He prides himself on making it into law school同义词：-pursuep'sju v.1.从事(工作)/参加(活动) 3.追赶/尾随 4. 寻求/追求 5.继续干-woo  wu vt. 1.追求/向求爱 2.寻求喜欢的东西-hunt for 搜寻/

12、寻找8.solitary'slitri n.1.单独拘禁=solitary confinement 2.遁世者/隐居者 adj.1.喜欢孤独的/不喜交往的 2.单独的 3.孤单的 4.单个的= alone 'ln 5.隐蔽而遥远的 a solitary retreat 一个偏僻的住所-solitude'sltjudn.1.孤独 2.隐居 3.寂寞 4.偏僻(或荒凉)的地方I live in solitude.=I live a lonely life. 'lnladj.*前缀-sol-独*-solo'sln.1.独奏/独唱 2.独奏曲 adj.1.独奏的

13、/独唱的 2.单独的 vi. 单独表演;独唱；独奏； vt. 单人攀登；单独驾机【航空学】9.impoverishm'pvr vt. 1.使贫穷 2.使(力气、资源等)枯竭 -poor p adj. 1.贫穷的 2.可怜的 3.贫乏的（口语词）poverty'pvtn. 1.贫困 2.缺少 2.低劣罗素名言：A great many 'ln man will cheerfully face impoverishment if they can secure有把握的 complete ruin for their rival 'ravl hen

14、cehens 因此 present 现在的 level of taxation tæk'sen. 许多人会高兴的面对贫困，如果他们能使对手落魄，因此出现了现在的税收水平。- rival 'ravl n.对手/竞争者 vt.与竞争 vi.竞争 -taxationtæk'senn.1.征税 2.税款-taxtæksn.1.税/税款 2.义务 vt.1.对征税 2.向(政府)缴税10.settlement'setlmntn.1.处理/解决 2.定居/安顿/稳定 3.移民/殖民(地) 4.会计 结算 5.下陷/

15、下沉 11.ridden'rdn adj.难以摆脱的-ridrd vt.使摆脱(常与 of 连用)； -flea-ridden fli adj. 充满跳蚤的 debt-ridden adj. 债务缠身的 fear-ridden恐惧缠身的-crisis-ridden 危机重重的 -crisis'krass n.1. 危机 2.转折点/阶段 12.coarseksadj. 1.(质地)粗糙的 2.俗气的 3.下等的/低级的 4. 粗鲁的-unrefinednr'fand adj.1.未提炼的/未加工的 2. (人)庸俗的How can a refined girl be d

16、rawn to such an unrefined man?- be drawn to 被所吸引- How can 怎么能够/哪能/怎会-roughrf n. (高尔夫球场上平坦球道两旁的)深草障碍区域 v.1.预先准备; 2.画出的轮廓(常与in或out连用)： adj.1. (质地)粗糙的 2.人或行为庸俗的 3.粗略的 4. 充满艰苦/磨砺的 5.烦躁的 6.刺耳的 7.好斗的 8. 高低不平的/崎岖的 9.未修剪的 10.鲁莽的/笨拙的 11.不完善的 12.残忍的/不文明的-coarse fare粗粮fe-refined fare细粮-in a coarse manner方式 粗暴无

17、礼13.boast bstn.自夸/吹牛 vt.1.夸耀/显摆 2.拥有以人作主语sb boast of /about sth，夸耀；以物作主语sth boast sth，拥有He boasted that of his knowledge.14.shelter'elt n.1.避难所/躲避风雨的地方 2.保护 3.收容所 vt. 1.保护 2.(为避税而)把(利润)用于再投资-shelter forest林防护林-forest'frst n.森林/林地 vt.植树于/使成为森林-shelter from保护某人不受打击15.parishionerp'rin

18、n. 教区居民 -parish'pærn. 1.教区 2.主教管区中牧师管辖的行政区16.shepherd'epdn.牧羊人 vt. 1.牧羊 2.管看17.accustom'kstmvt.使习惯于-be accustomed to+ 名词、动名词-accustom oneself to养成的习惯;使自己习惯于- used to + 名词、动名词习惯于 I am used to the life in Beijing. I am used to living in Beijing.- used to do 过去常常18.linen 'lnnn

19、. 1.亚麻布(或纱、线) 2.亚麻织物 3. 常复数亚麻制品(如服装/床用品等)Notes on the textWhat was the main objective of early mountain climbers?- objectiveb'dektiv, b- n.1.目标(客观的/理性的) 2. 光物镜 adj.1.客观的/理性的 2.宾格的 第一段1.句子分析Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult

20、it is, the more highly it is regarded. In the pioneering days however, this was not the case at all. The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it (summit) had never been attained before (they sought). It is true that du

21、ring their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped (so poor) in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought (their poor equipment), but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. They had a single aim, a solit

22、ary goal-the top!- routeru:tn. 1.路线/路 v.经具体的路线送 - sportsp:t 1.运动 2.运动职业 3.运动员 4.生物学基因突变产生的生物 5.娱乐/消遣 6.愚弄对象 v.1.显摆/夸耀 2.玩耍/嬉戏/游戏- regardr'gd n.1.尊重 2.(对孩子/无助者)特别关照 3. 复数致意/问候 4.凝视 5.(欣赏的)态度 v.1.deem to bedim 2.周到地考虑/重视 3.涉及/与有关- regard as 把认作-regard( sb) with (对)持态度Dad, I regard you with horror.

23、 'hrn. 惊骇;恐惧-disregarddisri':dn. 1.忽视 2.疏忽/怠慢(故意疏忽)/ 不尊重 v.1.不顾/不理会 2.不尊重/忽视/不重视- prizepraizn.1.奖品/奖金 2.赃物/掠夺物/横财(非法) 3.奖杯 v.1.珍视/珍藏/珍爱 2. 撬起/撬开 3.对重视 adj.顶级的/优质的prize carnationsk:'nein n. 1.园艺康乃馨 2.肉色 adj.肉红色的- soughts:tseek的过去式和过去分词seeksik v寻求/寻找/探索 sought-sought- at the thought of一想到

24、=at the mention of= at the idea of一想起(就)- go out of one's way 特意/故意/自愿= do sth on purpose=intentionally in'tennli-a(n)+adj+N=a+N+of+a(n)+adj.+nature性质 dangers of the most perilous nature=The most perilous danger a sincere person=a person of a sincere naturesn'sadj.真诚的；-in a manner = in a

25、 way 在一定程度上/ 可以说第二段1.句子分析It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular， Alpine villages tended to be impoverished settlements定居点 cut off from civilization by the high mountains.

26、 Such inns as there were were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese tiz accompanied by bread bred often twelve twelv months old, all washed w down with coarse wine. wan -nowadays'nadez n/adv. 现如今/当今-cut off=which are cut off- Except for/that,主句(排除不同类别或同类中的一部分)The essay is

27、 well written except for some misspellings.I can answer all the questions except for the last one.同类部分排除-except(不用于句首，同类排除)The office is open every day except Sundays.You can have any of the cakes except this one.- such as 比如- rapid'ræpidn.急流 adj.迅速的 - rapidly'ræpdl adv.迅速地 - impov

28、erishedim'pvrit adj.1.穷困的 2.破产的-Such inns as there were were generally dirty. -as there were 有两种理解方式 A such 后多用as 引导定语从句（最准确） B as there were 插入语 可以这么说 -as it were 可以说 -as it is 事实 This book is, as it were, his life portrait. 'ptrtn. 肖像； 这本书，可是说，是他的人生写照。主语Such negotiationsng'en谈判as

29、there have recently been, about the possibility,ps'blt可能性of introducing a 35-hour working week, have highlighted使突出some of the difficulties.（such后as 引导定从）因为他们最近已经进行的这个关于引进一周35小时工作制的可能性的谈判，已经突出了一些难题。2.句子分析Often a valley boasted no inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could-sometim

30、es with the local priest prist (who was usually as poor as his parishioners p'rn), sometimes with shepherds 'epd or cheese-makers. Invariably the background was the same: dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine lin

31、en sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have been very hard indeed. - valley'væl n.山谷- cheesetiz n.食品 奶酪； - invariablyn'verbl adv.不变地- invariablen'verbl n.1.常数/不变量 adj.1.不变的 2.恒定的- change to 更改为 Education brings br great change to his outlook.(view on life)教育使他的面貌（对生活的看法）产生了很

32、大变化。-outlook'atlk n.1.心态/人生观 2.前景 3.眺望/瞭望 此句真实性有待探究Invariably the background was the same: dirt名词 and poverty名词，and very uncomfortable.形容词 （薛老师指出uncomfortable 是与the same并列并非与dirt并列）知识拓展句型练习 表示让步的句型A It is true that those (定从)who are born in the purple have many advantages, but they pay dearly昂贵地

33、 for them.-born in the purple 出身显贵-purple'pp()l n.1.紫色 2.帝位/王位 he was born to the purple v.1.使成紫色 2.变紫 adj. 1.紫色的 2. 帝王的 3.辞藻完美的-dearly'dladj.1.真诚的/由衷的 2.昂贵地 3.充满深情地/一往情深地B Granted adv的确, life is a tragedy at times有时and a comedy very often, but as a rule通常来说 it is what we choose to make it.-

34、granted 'rntd adv.的确;conj. 诚然-comedy 'kmd n.1. 喜剧； 2.有趣的事情-comedic k'midk adj. 喜剧的- tragedy 'trædd1. 灾难 2. 悲剧(戏剧)- tragic 'trædk adj. 1.令人极为沮丧的/悲痛的 亦作tragical， 2. 悲剧性的C While it is true that oddballs are generally unwelcome, some degree of tolerance容忍 is reaso

35、nably necessary. 'nesisri-oddball 'dbln. 怪人；怪胎 adj.古怪的-tolerance'tlrns n. 1.公差 2.宽容/容忍 3.忍耐力2.regard 重视They usually assume with good reason, that others regard them highly, even envy'env them.- reason 'ri:zn n. 1.原因/理由 2.理解力 3.合理性 v.1.推理出/推论出= reason out 2.劝说/讲道理(常与with连用)-

36、season 'siz()nn. 1.一段时间 2.季节 v.1.给.加香料/调味 2. 使适应 3.使缓和/使合适3.模拟写作 It is hard for us to realize how difficult it was for him to pursue a Ph.D degree. He was born in a farmers family in an impoverished village, which is cut off from civilization by the high mountains. Such villages as there are backward and insular. While at the university, he was very assiduous and, to alleviate his familys severe financial burdens, worked all the way through his four years education. God favors prepared minds. Now he has been enrolled by Harvard for po