初中英语代词讲解与练习题

1、WORD格式-专业学习资料-可编辑课 题代词复习教学内容代词的分类英语中代词分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。一、关系代词：用来引导定语从句的代词叫 关系代词。1、关系代词 who、which、that、whom等，将定语从句和主句连接起来。英语中的关系代词一方面在从句中担任一定的成分，另一方面又起连接作用。The student who is drawing a picture is in Grade One.（正在画画的学生是一年级的）2、关系代词who / whom指人，如果作从句的宾语，则有时省略。Do you know the

2、man who is wearing a red ?at （你认识那个一戴着红帽子的男人吗？）二、连接代词用来引导宾语从句、主语从句或表语从句 的连接词称连接代词。英语中连接代词主要有： what（什么）,who（谁）,whom（谁）,which（哪个）,whos谁的）。三、不定代词：代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词单数含义some anynonone/each(every)oneeither, neithersothe other, another复合不定代词不可数含义muchlittle, a littleall/复数含义manyfew, a fewonesbothothers,

3、 the othersX注：复合不定代词有12个：somethin妙事）,someone® 人）,somebody 人），anything；任何事），anyone（任何人）, anybody 任何人），nothing；没事）,nobody 没有人）,no one（没有人）,everythin心切）， everyone® 个人），everybody5个人）.1. some和any的用法：some一般用于肯定句中，意思是 几个“、些“、某个“作定语时可修饰可数名词或不可数 名词I have some work to do today.（今天我有些事情要做）They will g

4、o there some day.（他们有朝一日会去那儿）some用于疑问何时，表示建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答。Would you like some coffee with sugar?（你要加糖的咖啡吗？）any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中，意思是"些”作定语时可修饰可数或不可数名词。They didn ' t haany friends here.他们在这里没有朋友）Have you got any questions to ask?（有问题要问吗？）any用于肯定何时，意思是 任何一个”。Come here with any friend.（随便带什么朋友来吧。）2.

5、不定 代词含义范围作定语时 名词的数作主语时 动词的数both二2复数；复数either两者中的任意一个二2单数单数neither两者都不=2单数单数all三者或二者以上>3单/复数单/复数none三者或二者以上都不>3单/复数each士杀一个>2单数单数every土杀一个>3单数单数1） Both of them enjoy the rice.他们两人喜欢吃米饭。2） Neither of us is a doctor.我们俩都不是医生。3） Either of you will go.随你们哪个去都可以。4） All of the money has been sp

6、en瞰者日花完了。3. none nothing、 nobody（no one） no 的区另Unone表特指，只能独立使用，既可指人，也可指物，可与of连用；常用来回答 how many、how much、 which。nobody（no one/泛指，只能指人，后面不跟 of短语,作主语时谓语用单数形式;用来回答who。nothing表泛指，只能指物，不能与of连用，用来回答what。no是形容词性的不定代词，只能用作定语，不能单独使用。1. None of the students failed the examination.没有一个学生考试不及格。2. How much money

7、do you have?-None.3. What are you doing now? Nothing.4. Nobody was late for school.No one knows how he managed to get the ticket渡有人知道他是怎样搞到那张票的 ）Nobody handed in his/their composition（s） yesterday.昨天没有一个人交作文。）None of my friends came to see me that day 那天没有一个朋友来看我。 ）There is no time left. Please hurr

8、y up.（没有时间了，请快点）None of them is/are in the classroom.（他们当中没有一个在教室里）I have many books, but none is interesting.（我有很多的书，但没有一本是有趣的）4. every和 each用法：every是形容词，只能作定语修饰单数名词，意思是 每一个”表示整体概念；each是形容词、代词，可用作主语、宾语、定语等，意思是每个”或者各个”表示单个概念；each可以放在名词前，可以后跟of短语。every和each都用作单数理解，但是下文中既可以用单数的代词（如he/him/his）也可以用复数的代

9、词（如 they/them/their）替代。Every one of the students in his class studies very hard他班上每个学生学习都很用功 ）They are very busy._Each of them has something to do他们很忙，人人者B有事干）5. another the others others、 the others的区另U :0 one代词，替代前文所出现的可数名词another指三者以上中的另一个、 再.”0 others表示复数的泛指 =other +n.the other 两者中的另一个Lthe other

10、s表示复数的特指other意思是 另一“、另一些“行复数形式。在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语。another意思是 另外“、又一个”表示增加，在句中可作宾语和定语。anothei（另外的，再一，又一）与the other另外的一个）主要从数量上区分，只有两个时用the other在原先基础上增加用anotherSome girls are singing under the big apple tree and others are sitting on the grass talking.（有些女孩在大苹果树下唱歌，别的就躺在草地王后）You have had several cakes. D

11、o you really want another one?（你已经吃了好几块饼子了，你真的还要一块？）I want another four books. （我还要四本书）This is one of your socks. Where is the other one?J是你的一只袜子，还有一只呢？）I have eaten 4 cakes, but I still want another.（我已经吃了 4 块蛋糕，但是我还要以块。）others与the others的主要区别：others指 剩余的人/物”指大部分）；the others旨其余的人/物”盾全部）。A few stude

12、nts are playing soccer while others are watching them.（有几个学生在踢足球，其他一些人而无）Two of the ten boys are standing and the others are sitting round them.（十个男孩中有两个站着，其他人都围着他们坐着。）6. few、little、a few、a little 的用法：few、little 很少几个”、几乎没有”皆否定的意思，a few、a little有几个“、宥些”百肯定的意思；few、a few与可数名词连用或代替可数的事物，little、a little与

13、不可数名词连用或代替不可数的事物。它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语（他很穷，几乎没有什么钱。）（别着急,还有一点儿时间呢。） （在那个极地地区几乎不住人） （你可以从他那儿弄到一些糖果）He is very poor and he has little money. Don' t worry. There istsl a little time left. In that polar region there live few people. You can get a few sweets from him.7. 复合不定代词 somebody .something .anything

14、, nothing .everything, everybody some ,any ,no .every,加上body, thing构成的，叫做复合不定代词，在句子中当单数使用somebody, something, someoneM 用于肯定句中；anything anybody, anyone股用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中。修饰复合不定代词的定语，应放在它们的后面。Hey, Lily. There is someone outside the door. （嗨，丽丽，门外有人。）Did you meet anyone when you came to school last Sun

15、day?（上个星期天你来学校时见到什么人了吗？）He has nothing much to do today.他今天没有多少事情做）8. a lot。卡 lots of a number of（ /large numbers of） a great deal of plenty of的区别:五个 名词+介词”短语都表示 大量，许多”，a lotof（或lots of既可以修饰 不可数名词 也可以修饰可数名词的复数 形式, 可以相应地换为much和many;plenty of足够、大量”既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数 形式。a number of / large numbers

16、of可以修饰可数名词复数形式（它修饰的词作主语时谓语用复数 形式）可以换为 some many、a lot of plenty ofa great deal ofR可以修饰不可数名词（它修饰的词作主语时谓语用单数形式）可以换为much。 A lot of people think that time is money.（许多的人认为时间就是金钱。）I don ' t have to do it in a hurry because I hpenty of time.（我用不着赶忙，因为我有充足的时间。）I have a number of letters to write today.

17、9天我有好多信要写 ）I spend a great deal of time/money on shopping在购物方面我花费了大量的时间/金钱。）it的用法一、基本用法1 .指代前面所提到过的人、物或事情，也可以指未提到过的但是谈话双方都明白的事情、情况。 Where is your backpack? It ' s on the chair.2 .指代时间、天气、距离、环境等。It is over one year since I came to this schoo l.（时间）It is warm in winter in Kunming.（天气）It is about 2

18、 kilometers away from here.（距离）It is very quiet here.（环境）3 .指代性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或物。Who s the baby in the picture? Is it your brother? No, it ' s me.4 . it作形式主语和形式宾语，代替不定式、动词的 -ing形式、从句，而把真正的主语、宾语放在 后面。It is a pity that he missed the first flight.It seems that he has passed the exam.I find it a wast

19、e spending so much time on TV二、it做形式主语1. It is +形容词(描述事件的形容词)+ (for sb.) to do sth.It is +形容词(描述人的形容词)+ (of sb.) to do sth.It ' s necessary for us to use a sWaVe radio to pick up the programmes.我们用一台短波收音机收听这些节目是必要的。It was foolish of him to give up the job. 他放弃那工作是愚蠢的。(" He was foolish to gi

20、ve up thejob.)2. It is time (for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事的时候了It is a waste of time / money doing sth.It takes sb. some time to do sth.It took me nearly an hour to work out the problem.花了我差不多一个钟才做出那道题 .It's a waste of time you talking to him.你和他谈是浪费时间。3. It is one s turn to do sth.轮到某人做.It is no use

21、/good doing sth.做某事没用/没好处It's my turn to clean the classroom.是轮至 U我打扫教室的了。三、it作形式宾语1. it作形式宾语时，可以代替三种形式：不定式、动名词和宾语从句。it作形式宾语时，需具备两个条件：真正的宾语是不定式、动名词或从句 ；有宾语补足 语2. it 经常作 think/ find/ feel/ consider/ make/ regard等的形式宾语I find it pleasant to work with him.我觉得和他一起工作很愉快。I think it easy to learn Englis

22、h well.针对性练习：1. He can't hear you, because there is noise hereA. very much B. too much C. much too D. so many2. name is Han Meimai.A. HerselfB. HersC. SheD. Her3. All of us were invited, but of us cameA. neitherB. noneC. both4. The weathe门n Shanghai is different from A. Baotou B. Baotou weather

23、C. that in Baotou D. those of Baotou5. There isn't water in the cup.A. any B. manyC. some D. the6. -Is this pen? -No,is on my desk.A. your; my B. yours; my C. your; mine D. yours; mine7. The bottle is empty. There is in it.A. anything B. something C. nothing8. -Look! We have sugar. -Really? Let&

24、#39;s go and buy some.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little9. There isn't milk in the fridge. You'd better buy some.A. noB. anyC. some10. - “There isn't water here. Could you get for me? - "All right. ”A. some; some B. any; anyC. some; anyD. any; some11. Today,trees are still being cut

25、 down somewhere in the world.A. much tooB. too much C. many tooD. too many12. There are lots of English books here, and of them is easy to understand.A. bothB. all C. every D. each13. Is the shirt on the bed?A. yours B. your C. you14. Mr. Green taught English last year.A. our B. we C. us15. These sw

26、eaters are too small for me. Please show me one.A. other B. others C. the others D. another16. Mary can't go with us.has to look after mother at home.A. She; his B. She; her C. He; her D. He; His17. There isn't paper in the box. W川 you go and get for me?A. any; some B. any; any C. some; some

27、 D. some; any18. I often help.A. he or she B. his and her C. him and her D. his and hers19. There are some trees on side of the street.A. both B. all C. either D. every20. “Which of the two dictionaries do you like better?” “I like, because they're not useful.A. both B. either C. all D. neither2

28、1. They were all very tired, but of them would stop to take a rest.A. any B. some C. none D. neither22. There were people and noise in the park last Sunday.A. many; much B. much; much C. much; many D. many; many23. of them has a dictionary and one of them can look up words in the dictionary.A. Each;

29、 every B. Every; each C. Each; each D. Every; every24. Please keep together. We want of you to get lost.A. none B. some C. many D. any25. There is water here; but there are quite empty glasses.A. little; a few B. few; little C. few; a few D. little; a little26. The skirt is. She made it.A. hers; her

30、self B. her; herself C. herself; hers D. herself; her27. “ Haven't you forgotten W " ,oh, I forgot my bag.”A. anything; Excuse meB. something; Excuse meC. something; PardonD. everything; Pardon28. Be quiet! I have to tell you.A.important anythingB. anything importantC.important somethingD.

31、something important29. My father is very busy with his work. He has time to do the housework.A.little B. fewC. a little D. a few30. -of the boys in Class Four are playing games. -.A. All B. EachC. The bothD. None31. . The boy promised mother never to lie to again.A. his; him B. her; herC. her; himD.

32、 his; her32. “ Would you like some milk in your tea?' "Yes, just:'A. much B. a little C. a few D. little33. school is much larger than.A. Their; our B. Their; ours C. Theirs; ours D. Theirs; our34. Put it down, Richard. You mustn't read letter.A. anyone's else's B. anyone

33、9;s else C. anyone else's D. anyone else35. He found very interesting to ride a horse.A. thisB. that C. it D. which36. Han Meimei, what about to eat?A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything37. office is much smaller than.A. Ours; yours B. Our; yours C. Theirs; our D. Your; their38. &quo

34、t;Help to some meat, Mary, my aunt said to me.A. themselves B. ourselves C. yourself D. himself39. There are twenty teachers in this grade. Eight of them are women teachers and are menteachers.A. the other B. the others C. others D. other40. Though they had cleaned the floor, there was still water o

35、n it.A. littleB. a little C. few D. a few代词专项练习参考答案1. B. too much只能修饰不可数名词， much too修饰形容词或副词，very much可修饰动词；many只能修饰可数名词，不能修饰不可数名词。2. D. her作物主代词，意为"她的"，注意her还可作she的宾格。3. B.句意：“我们都接到邀请，但我们谁没来。" none是all的反义词，表示“（三者以上的）没有一个（人或物）4. C. that作为代词。代替主语 weather. A项错误在于 Baotou与前面的主语 weather不相

36、对应，无法比较。代词 that既可代替不可数名词，也可代替单数可数名词。5. A . any用于疑问句和否定句，some用于肯定句。6. C. your是形容词性物主代词，只能作定语修饰名词；mine是名词性物主代词，可作主语、表语和宾语，但不能作定语。7. C.空白处填nothing是与前一句的 empty相呼应、吻合的。8. C.从后一句“去买些糖”可知“糖不多了"。little的意思是“少”，有否定含义，只能修饰不可数名词，a little是"一点"，有肯定含义。few和a few是修饰或代替可数名词，前者否定，后者肯定。9. B.肯定句中用some,疑问句

37、和否定句中用any。10. D.前一句是否定句，故用 any ;后一句是说话者恳请别人做某事，希望对方同意，并 认为对方能同意，故用some。11. D. too much只能修饰不可数名词，too many只修饰可数名词；A项只修饰形容词或副 词；C项本身就是错误的。12. D. every和each都作“每一个"讲，但 every只能作定语；each既可作定语，还可作 主语、宾语、同位语等成分。 both和all作主语（代替可数名词），谓语动词应用复数。13. A14. C.代词作宾语应用标本宾格，us是we的宾格。15. D. other意为“别的、其它的“，可修饰单数名词，也可修饰复数名词。others表示“别人"或"别的事物”，是泛指的复数概念。the other是特指的“其余