商务英语写作试卷

1、?考试题型介绍?商务英语写作？考试所采用的题型包括：单项选择题、填空 题、单句翻译题和撰写英文书信等。现分别举例说明：1 .单项选择题这里所说的单项选择题实际上是一般所说的多项选择题，是 国际上英语测试中最常见的一种题型。这种题型要求学生在 给定的三或四个选择项中选由一个正确答案。通过这种题型 既可测试学生对英语词汇掌握的广度和深度，也可测试学生 对英语语法掌握的广度和深度。例如：We agree to ccotinue businessthe termsstated in our Contract N0 46a. on, on b . as, as c . as, on d . on, as

2、正确答案是 d. on, as.分析本题的测试点是考查学生对介词多义性的掌握程度， 以及对as + v-ed （ 过去分词）这种结构的运用。题中on"按照，根据"；as+v-ed中as为连词，意为“如同”， 也可释为“按照”。根据题意，只有 d是正确答案。其余三 个选择项都是错的：选择项a中"on stated"有问题；选择项b中"as the terms ”有问题；选择项 c中"as the terms"“ on the stated" 都有问题。译文“我们按第46号合同规定的条件续签商务协议”。2 .填空题这部

3、分试题指的是单句填空。题中不设任何选择项，要求考 生根据题意，用自己掌握的词汇进行填空，只要意思成立， 无语言错误，符合英语规范就行。这部分试题的测试重点是 介词，当然也包括一些常用的动词、 副词、形容词和连词等 因此解答这类试题的关键是根据题意判断题中缺少的是哪 一类词。如果是介词，还得确定与题中哪个词搭配：是一般 搭配或是固定搭配，是构成短语动词或是构成成语；如果是 动词，还是确定其形式：谓语形式或非谓语形式（不定式、 分句或动名词）。然后，在此基础上，从自己掌握的词汇中 选由合适的词填入空白处，完成句子的意思。特别要注意不 能由语言错误。例如：1. Please inform us th

4、e shortest possible time which you can effect delivery.正确答案of, in考点短语动词inform sb. of sth。"通知某人某事" ；inwhich引由定语从句。解题关键判别inform us后缺少固定搭配介词of;在which引由的定语从句中，which指代的是time，所以which 前面必须得有介词in ,即in which ,在定语从句中作时间 状语。译文“请告可能最短时间内的装运期。”2. The drafts drawn compliance the terms of the L/C shall b

5、e honoured presentation and delivery of documents specified.正确答案in, with, on, as考点 短语介词in compliance with “按照” ；on presentation and delivery of “在 提交, 时'； as specified “按规定”。解题关键辨别题中的compliance 是短语介词的主导词， 前面缺少in ,后面缺少 with ,介词短语in compliance with the terms of the L/C 修饰前面 的过去分词 drawn ; presentat

6、ion and delivery 前面缺少介词 on, “on + （动） 名词”通常表示时间；specified 前面缺少 as,as specified 为习用语。译文“按信用证条件开由的汇票按规定提交单据如期支 付。”3. We are already represented Messrs Freeman &Brothers Co. Ltd., the sale this commodity your district.正确答案by, for, of, in考点be represented by "由,一代表,由,代理" ；for the sale of “（

7、为了）销售" ；in your district “在你地区”。解题关键本题是被动句，介词短语 by Messrs Freeman & Brothers Co. Ltd 用作 “ We are already represented ” 的 行为主体；the sale前、后缺介词for, of;介词短语for the sale of this commodity 表示目的，修饰 represented ; in your district 修饰 the sale 。译文“我公司委托 Messrs Freeman & Brothers 有限公 司作代理，在你地区销售该产

8、品。”4. We would appreciate your sending us a catalogue your Rubber Boots termspayment and the largest discount your could allow us.正确答案of, together, with, of考点a catalogue of your Rubber Boots ; “橡胶长统靴 目录"；together with 连词，“和，加之” ；terms of " 的条件”解题关键本题的意思是：感谢寄送产品目录及付款和优 惠条件。根据题意，判断由catalogue

9、后跟介词短语of your Rubber Boots做后置定语；together with 是短语介词，后 W terms ； terms 后KR介词短语 of payment and the largest discount作后置定语。译文“若贵方能寄给我们橡胶长统靴目录及付款和能给的 最优惠的折扣条件，我们将不胜感谢。”5. Owing the delay the part of the suppliers, we must ask you to extend the date of shipment September 10th.October 10th.正确答案to, on, from

10、, to考点owing to”由于"；on the part of”方面的；就,一而言"；fromto”从.至U”解题关键Owing to是短语介词，后跟名词delay , Owingto the delay 表示原因，在句中状语； on the part of 也 是短语介词，on the part of the suppliers这介词短语作 delay 的后置定语；from September 10th. To October 10th. 修饰 extend.译文“由于供应方的拖延，请贵方将装运日期从 9月10 日延长到10月10日。”6. The company y

11、ou inquired your letterof March 10th. Is considered have an excellentreputation. Several times we have sold goods amounting eight million dollars,but have neverexperienced a delay payment.正确答案about, in, to, to, in考点inquire about ”查询、询问“，短语动词； in your letter “贵方来信中" ；be considered to have"被

12、认为具有“ ；amount to “合计，总额达" ；delay in payment “拖 延付款”解题关键本题由两个句子组成。第一句是被动句Thecompany is considered 。其中 inquire about是短语动词，you inquired about是省去了 which 的， 修饰 company的定语从句；in your letter 修饰 inquired about ; beconsidered 后的to并不是介词，而是构成动词不定式的小 品词。 这里的 to have an excellent reputation作句子的主语 company的补语。

13、第二句的结构是We have soldgoods ，but have never experienced a delay 。其中 amount to 是短语动词，amounting to eight million dollars 是分词短语，作 goods的后置定语；in payment介词短语是 修饰delay的后置短语。译文“贵方3月10日来函所询问的那家公司认为享有最 良好的信誉。我们与该公司做过几次数额达800万美元的交易，但是从未发生过拖欠货款事宜。”3 .选择给定的适当的单词填空题这部分试题是短文填空题，每空填一个词，待填的单词集中 列在题首。做这一试题时，切忌见空就填，最好先很

14、快通读 一遍整个语篇，熟悉语言环境，然后从给定的单词中仔细选 择由正确答案。例如：选择下列适当的单词填空：1. for, in, offerers, on, with, wordsOfferAn offer is a proposal madeby sellers to buyers in order to enter into a contract. In other, an offer refers to trading terms put forwardby offerers toofferees, on which the are willing to concludebusiness

15、 with the offerees. These terms mainly include name of commodity, brand, specifications, quantity, price, packing, payment, shipment, etc. Thus receiving an inquiry by mail or telegram from abroad, we shall place before overseas customers the dance the existing supply and market situations of the co

16、mmodity inquired . And this is called an offer or a quotation.正确答案words, offerers, on, in, with, for考点in other words “换言之” ;offerers “报盘人” on receiving ”在收至U时“；in accordance with "按 照，根据"；inquire for"询问，询价”解题关键从标题就可以知道，整个短文是对报盘下定义， 闭幕式进行适当的解释。第一空选 words填入。in other words “换言之”为习用语，引由下文

17、，对给 offer下的定义，进行解释。第二空，根据题意应填offerers 作which引生的定语从句的主语。第三空，动名词 receiving 前填介 词on,表示时间。第四空和第五空分别选介词 in和with填 空，构成短语介词in accordance with 。第六空是动词inquire 的固定搭配 for , inquire for是短语动词。译文“报盘是卖方为签订合同向买方提由的一种建议， 或者说，报盘是指发盘人向受盘人提生的某种交易条件，并 愿意按此条件同受盘人达成交易。这些条件主要包括商品名 称、牌号、规格、数量、价格、包装、支付、交货期限等。 因此，一收到国外的询盘函电，我

18、们就必须根据可供存货及 该商品的市场情况，向海外客户报价并提由有关的贸易条件 和条款。这就称之为报盘或报价。”2. draw, in, in, latter, of, possibleLetter of CreditIn international trade, there is seldom direct payment by the importer to the exporter. Payment is usually effected through a bank. Whena sales contract is signed by the sellers and the buyers

19、, the will instruct their bankers to open a letter of credit for the amount of the purchase and favour the exporteron the terms and conditions as stipulated in the contract. A letter of credit is a written instrument issued by the importer s bankers, authorizing to on them for a certain amount in ac

20、cordance with the contract stipulations.Its advantage is that the L/C issued is the guarantee of the opening bank to pay advance. It resolvesthe contradiction that both the importer and the exporter do not trust each other and advoids meetingany risks in doing businesses.正确答案latter, in, of, draw, in

21、, possible考点the latter "后者'；in favour of "以为受益 人，收款人，抬头人" ；to drawn ”提款，开由，开给”； in advance "提前，预选" ；any possible risks "任何 可能的风险”解题关键信用证是国际贸易中通常使用的一种支付手段。 买方通过银行向卖方开由信用证支付货款。根据题意，第一 空the的后面填形容词latter, the latter相当于名词，在句中作主语；第二空填in ,第三空填 of, in favour of是短语介词，后接名词 th

22、e exporter ,表示信用证开由由口 商（抬头人是由口商）；to drawn on them这里属固定搭配， 其中them指的是importer ' s bankers ,意为“以进口商银 行为付款人而开由收款汇票，即向进口商银行提取货款”；in advance 是习用语，修饰动词不定式to pay; anyrisks之间只能填形容词 possible ,才符合题意。译文“在国际贸易中，进口商很少直接付款给由口商。 支付通常通过银行进行。当买卖双方签署了销售合同以后， 前者指示他的银行按照购货的总价款，根据合同所规定的条 款，把一个信用证开在由口商名下。该信用证受权由口商向 该行

23、提取合同规定的款项。因此，信用证是开证行应进口商 的请示，开给由口商的一种银行保证付款的书面凭证。它的 优点在于开证行开由的信用证是预先付款的担保。它解决了 进由口双方互不信任的矛盾在完成交易的过程中可能遇到 的任何风险。”4 .英汉翻译这部分试题主要考核学生对外贸英语信函中常用句型和习 用法的确切理解并将其译成通顺汉语的能力。该试题多由单 句组成。做英译汉试题时，要特别注意试题句子本身的内容。 对代词it, its, they, their等的指代关系一定要弄准确。 某些单句或短语似乎相识，但在句中却另有所指或特指，或 比喻或隐喻，对这些词和短语一定要反复推敲，选用准确的 汉语来表达，切忌望

24、文生义、想当然或八九十离十。做完这 部分试题，一定要留由时间根据原文仔细校对译文。难译的 词句要反复校对，注意有否漏译、错译或词不达意的文句。如果译文连考生自己都看不懂，肯定有问题，应采取相应措 施进行再翻译或做文字加工。只有这样，才能取得好成绩。 例如：1. We look forward to the opportunity to be of service to you.译文“期待有为贵方效劳的机会。”考点be of service to "为服务”解题关键to be of service to you动词不定式短语修饰the opportunity，作后置定语，整个句子的翻译

25、要符合中文外贸书信的用词规范。当然可以译写成：“我们盼望有机会为你们服务”，但这比上述译文“期待有为贵方效劳的 机会”或“期待有机会为贵方效劳”逊色多了。2. These goods being in great demand, we cannot hold this offer open.译文“这些货物需求量大，本公司无法保持此报盘有效。考点 分词独立结构 These goods being in great demand 的译法；hold this offer open"保持此报盘有效”解题关键分词独立结构在句中可译成独立的句子；holdthis offer open为外贸习用语

26、，用固定的译法(参见上述译 文)。3. Wethink you do better to accept this offer now than by delay be perhaps compelled to agree to others less advantageous.译文“本公司认为贵方现在应明智地接受这项报价，以 免因迟延而或许被迫同意其他较为不利的条件。”考点 you do better to (do) than be (perhaps) compelled to (do)“做,一比被迫做,一好”解题关键弄清句子结构，特别是考点。 Than后面的 by delay 修饰 be p

27、erhaps compelled to agree ； 形容词 比较级less advantageous修饰others ,作其后置定语。翻 译成汉语时， you do better to (do) than be perhaps compelled to (do) 采取了较灵活的译法。“做一比被迫做-好”引申为“做一以免被迫做(参见上述译文)。4. Please accept our apologies for being not helpful to you.译文“对此我们无法对贵方有所帮助，请接受本公司的 抱歉。”考点being not helpful to you“对贵方无帮助”解题关

28、键句子本身不难，但翻译成通顺的汉语却非易事， 试比较：”请接受我们由于不能帮助你们而致的歉意。"“由于对贵方无帮助，我们特致歉意，请接受。 ”这些译文都不如上述译文简练、通顺。5. Wehope you will understand the circumstances which compel us to decline you after.译文“我们不得不拒绝贵方报盘，希望能理解我方的处 理。” 考点限制性定语从句的处理解题关键试题本身不难理解：which引由的从句是 circumstances 的限制性定语从句。如果译成：“我们希望你们能理解迫使我们拒绝贵方报盘的情况”，显然，

29、这样的译文很累赘，与中文商务信函语体的特点一一简练、明确不相 符合。如果将“迫使”引申为“不得不”，把“情况”改成“处境”，再把限制性定语作为非限制性定语从句处理，译 文就大不一样了（参见上述译文）。6. Thank you for your kindness and look forward to your continued favors and attention.译文“感谢贵方的善意，并期待贵方继续支持与关照考点continued favors “继续支持”解题关键本题的难点是如何理解与翻译favor 一词。Favor既可用作名词，又可用作动词。用作名词时，意思为“好感，喜爱；宠，偏爱

30、；赞成同;恩惠”等。这里取 其“赞成”这一意思，引申为“支持” ，符合汉语搭配“继 续支持”。7. Weappreciate your offer of July 4, but we must point out that the proposed quotation will leave us littleor no margin of the profit. Couldn't you grant us a 5%cut in your price so that we may send you large orders?译文“感谢贵方7月4日的报价，但必须指由的是，贵方提生的取价使我

31、方几乎无利可图。贵方能否降价5%Z便我方大量订购？”考点leave us little or no margin of the profit"使我方几乎无利可图”解题关键深刻理解试题内容：proposed quotation 当然 指的是对方提由的报价；leave us (sth,)“留给我们”,换言之，“使我们得到； litter or no margin of theprofit = little of the profit “无利润”和 no margin of the profit“无余利”，总括起来就是“无利可图”所以得生了上述译文。5 .汉英翻译这部分试题主要考核学生综合

32、应用英语的能力。该试题由商 务信函中的一些单句组成。做这汉译英试题和做英译汉试题 一样，首先要正确理解试题的内容，并在此基础上选用商留 英语信函中的相应句型、词汇来表达。特别要注意词的搭配 关系。切忌只顾词义，不顾词性，按汉语结构，逐字进行排 列组合。做完这部分试题后，同样要根据原文仔细较对，看 是否有错误、漏译或用词不当的地方。一定要从英语的角度 来阅读译文，检查句子结构是否成立，词性是否用错，搭配 是否正确。整个译文要符合英语的表达习惯，切忌中国式英 语(Chinese English )。例如：1 .我们相信这批寄售货物将完好抵达，并使贵方完全满意 译文The consignment,

33、we feel sure, will arrive in good condition and prove to be entirely satisfactory.考点完好抵达；使满意解题关键试题中所说的“完好抵达”，说的是寄售货物抵 达时的状态，没有受损，和装船时一样，所以只能译成arrive in good condition , 而不能译成 arrive well ; 至于 “使满 意”，当然可以直接译为 satisfy ，但是这样就有中国式英语 之嫌。而最主要的是，这里所说的“使贵方完全满意”是指 寄售货物：到达不受损失这一事实让销售代理商感到满意， 而寄售货物本身令销售代理商是否感到

34、满意问题不是主要的， 所以这里译成 prove to be entirely satisfactory是比较合适的(参见译文)。至于“我们相信"，可以像译 文中作插入句处理，当然也可以 We fell are sure ( 或 Webelieve think that the consignment will arrive in good condition and prove to be entirely satisfactory.)2 .至于索赔，我们的保险公司只接受超过实际损失5%勺部分。译文As to claim, our insurance company will onl

35、y accept the part of loss that is over 5%.考点超过实际损失5%勺部分。解题关键整个句子应译成英语里的主+谓+宾句型，即company will accept the part ； 其中 “超过实际损失 5%勺”是修饰part的定语，该定语的翻译是关键；“超过”又是关键中的关键： 是用动词surpass, excel, exceed 或用系表结构be over。这些词语都有“超过”这一含义。但 所指的事物以及使用的场合都不相同：surpass和excel指的“超过”是“比强”的意思，在此意义上两者可以互换。如： Our company surpassed

36、 excelled all the other inthe turnover in this region.（在本地区我公司的营业额超过了所有其他公司。）显然这两个词在本试题中都不能 用。Exceed和be over指“超过（一定量或允许范围），在 此意义上两者也可以互换。”如：The cost will not exceed be over £50.（成本不超过 50英镑。）可见，这两词在 本试题中均可选用。至于“实际损失”,在英语中用loss 一词表达足够了，前面不必要写成practical （或realistic,factual ） loss ,这是中国式英语，英语中没有这一说

37、法。3 .因为我们的价格是很实际的，我们确难同意把价格降低 到你方表示的水平。译文As our price is very realistic, we can hardly agree to reduce our price to the extent you （have） indicated.考点（价格是）很实际的；确难同意；（降低到）你方表示的水平解题关键英语中“实际价格”多用 realistic price，但 也有用practical price 的时候；“确难同意”即可用 can hardly agree , 也可用 cannot agree ,但前者修饰效果好 些，也可用level

38、。因此，本试题除上述译文外，也可译 成： As our price is very practical, we cannot agree to cut down our price to the level you （have） indicated.4 .定货太多，到年底交货的产品都已售完译文We are heavily committed and have sold out all the goods to be delivered up to the end of this year.考点定货太多；到年底；交货的产品解题关键英语中“定货太多”可用be heavily committed 或

39、have quite a lot of orders ,当然，前者语言简练；“到年底" 可用 up to the end of this year 或 by the end of this year; “交货的产品“可用 the goods to be delivered 或the goods delivered 。因此，除上述译文外，本试题 还可以译成： Wehave quite a lot of orders and have sold out all the goods delivered by the end of this year.5 .由于这台设备是按你方提供的规格制造

40、的，请定货时同 时支付30%勺押金。译文Since this new equipment is to be manufactured to your specification, a deposit of 30% of the total value should accompany your order.考点按规格制造；定货时同时支付押金解题关键英语中“按一规格制造”可以写成manufacture to (according to, in accordance with) specification“定货时同时支付一押金”可以写成：a deposit - shouldaccompany yo

41、ur order 或 You should pay a deposit when making an order,但前者语言更简练。(参见上述译文)6 .撰写英文书信撰写英文书信的目的是测试学生在语篇上综合应用英语表 达思想的能力，外贸函电考试中书信撰写，实际是一封中文 商务信件的汉译英。做这部分试题和汉译英试题一样，首先 要确定书信的内容：是询问、报盘、订货、或装运、保险、 索赔等，亦或是其他商务问题。在此基础上选用相应外贸书 信中的相应句型和有关的词汇、惯用法来进行翻译。切忌逐 字逐句进行硬译。词汇选定以后，要特别注意该词的词性， 否则写成的句子在英语中就不成立。做完这部分试题，一定 要根

42、据原文仔细校对，看有无漏译、错译或用词不当的地方。按照英语语法和书信文体来检查整篇书信，重点放在句型结 构、词性、词的搭配是否正确，是否符合英语的表达习惯。撰写英文书信时，既可采用平头式，也可采用缩进式。例如：先生们：谢谢贵公司5月15日来函并按时签署和寄回的销售确认书。根据4,000台照相机销售确认书，我方已安排交货事宜。在 收到你方信用证后，可望在下月装船。装来信提示，交货日期逼近，但我方至今仍未收到贵方有关 的信用证，我们认为你方必须迅速开由信用证，这样我们才 能如期履行订单。至盼早复。此致敬礼译文Dear Sirs,We are in receipt with thanks of yo

43、ur letter dated May15 and the Sales Confirmation duly signed and returned by you.In compliance with the sales Confirmation of these 4,000 Cameras, we have arranged for delivery and hope the shipment will be madeduring the next month, if yourL/C arrives here in time.Today we write to invite your atte

44、ntion to the fact that the date of delivery is approaching, but so far we have not yet received your relevant L/C. We consider it is necessary for you to expedite the establishment of the L/C, so as to enable us to carry out the order smoothly.We are looking forward to receiving your favourable news

45、 in the shortest possible time.考点谢谢贵公司函；销售确认书；安排交货事宜； 可望在下月装；现来信提示；至今仍未收到；迅速开由信用 证；履行订单；至盼早复，此致敬礼。解题关键一封完整的商务书信（正文）开头语和结束语 是不可缺少的。“谢谢贵公司函”是开头语。英语中有 很多种写法，任择其一都行，如：Thank We thank you very much for your letter of dated；With many thanks for your letter of dated ； We have duly received with many thanks

46、your letter dated of ； Weare in receipt with thanks of your letter dated。“至盼早复”是结束语，也有很多写法：We are looking forward to receivingyour favourable news in the shortest possible time; We hope to receive your favour at an early date; We hopeto be favoured with a reply with the least delay; Hoping to hear f

47、rom you soon; Expecting shortly to hear from you; Write to us as soon as you can; We beg that youwill send us an answer at the earliest possible moment. 等等，任选其一都行。“此致敬礼”也属结束语，可译成Send our best regards。至于“销售确认书”相应的译文是 Sales Confirmation 。 “安#E 交货 事宜“ 可写成 arrange for delivery, arrange to deliver 。"

48、;可望在下月装船” 可写成 hope (that) the shipment will be madeduring the next month。”现来信提示“ 可写成 Today we write to invite your attention to the fact that“迅速开由信用证”可写成 expedite speed up the establishment opening of the L/C o "履行订单”可写成 carry out the order 。2004-2005第二学期商务英语写作考试试卷(A)湖州师范学院20042005学年第二学期商务英语写作考

49、试试卷(A)一、Multiple choices. (15%)1. In this case, the buyer cancel the contract.A. couldB. may have toC. hastherighttoD. reserve the right to2. Under these conditions the exporter has to make additional investment to raise the capacity of the for producing export goods.A. buyerB. importerC. dealerD. p

50、lant3. We shall your account with the amount drawnagainst the L/C.A. debtB. creditC. loanD. make4. Competition to the technical transformationand restructuring of these industrial production.A. contributesB. causesC. helpsD. promotes5. The importer will submit references if these given in the prelim

51、inary negotiations.A. arenotB. have not beenC. hasnotbeenD. were not6. At our meeting earlier this month Mr Sharp that he would approve the consignment contract.A.indicatedB. issuedC.D. remittedarranged7. At your request,wel the L/C opened for youraccount two weeks ago.A.adjust8. correct9. establish

52、10. amend8. This chemical is made a special formula.A. fromB. ofC. accordingtoD. in9. The exporter can only increase his production to the full capacity of the plant.A. getB. obtainC. meetD. reach10. In order to comply with the customer s specifications, the factory had to make several in the design

53、.A.B. mistakescorrectionsC. adjustmentsD. defects11. From now no, the Chinese products enter competition foreign products in the international market.A. in,withB. to, along withC. into,withD. on, over12. We are pleased to note that you wish to expand our relationship, suggest that we consider the ma

54、tter of agency later.A. butB. howeverC. neverthelessD. and13. Competition can the enterprises to improvethe quality and increase the variety of their products.A. promoteB. promotionC.promptD. promptitude14. Because of the confidential nature of the deal, I was not to announce it.A. supposedB. happyC

55、. preventedD. reluctant15. you have entered your new office building, you probably would like to refurnish it.A. NowthatB. So thatC. ForD. Because 二、Translate the following letter into Chinese. (15%)Dear Sirs,In regard to the first shipment against our ContractNo. 1234, we wrote you on 7th this mont

56、h, informing you that part of the goods was not in conformity with thecontracted specifications. Werequested you to give us explanations and advise us how you would deal with the matter, but up to now we have not yet received any reply.So we regret to say that we can 't bind ourselves to accept

57、the second lot of goods. Wehave to request that you should postpone the shipment of the goods for thetime being. It goes without saying that we have no obligations whatever in this matter.We are looking forward to your reply.Yours faithfully,三、Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions. (10%)Regarding the question of insurance, we wish to state1 for transactions concluded on CIF basis our usual practice 2 to cover All Risks 3 War Risksfor 110%of the invoice valu