一般现在时态的被动语态无答案

1、课题名称 一般现在时态的被动语态 授课教师：教学目标1.学情诊断；2.新授课教学重点教学难点主动语态与被动语态句子结构转换设计意图强化词汇与句子结构教学过程1、 学情诊断2、 知识结构万能充：（一）被动语态的概念英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。（1）主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。e.g. Many people speak English.谓语speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。（2）被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。e.g. English is spoken by many people.主语Englis

2、h是动词speak的承受者。(二)被动语态的句型1.常见句式是：主语（受动者）be过去分词（by施动者）例如：主动语态The English teacher scolded him.被动语态He is scolded by the English teacher.2.主语get过去分词其它成分例如：The boy got drowned last summer./ She got fired because of her faults.注意：使用这种结构不能带有“by施动者”3.带有双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的主动句变为动句，其主语可以是直接宾语，也可以是间接宾语。若将直接宾语提前作主语，需

3、将介词to还原出来。例如：She lent me a bike.被动：(1）I was lent a bike(by her).(2）A bike was lent to me(by her).4.情态动词be过去分词例如：This problem must be worked out in half an hour.四、被动语态要注意的问题（1）我们知道，主动语态变为被动语态时，通常将主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语；主动语态的主语变为由介词by引导的宾语；谓语动词变为被动语态“be +过去分词”形式。e.g. Everyone likes the interesting film. (主

4、动语态) The interesting film is liked by everyone. (被动语态)They used knives to cut things. (主动语态) Knives are used to cut things. (被动语态) 但是，并非所有由“be +过去分词”构成的形式就是被动语态。有时过去分词已经变为形容词，表示一种状态。试比较：My brother is very interested in English. 我哥哥对英语非常感兴趣。（状态）My brother was interested by what I told him. 我告诉他的话让我哥哥

5、非常感兴趣。（动态）（2）在被动语态中谓语动词一定是及物动词，也就是说必须是跟宾语的动词。e.g. We can make metals into different shapes. (主动语态) Metals can be made into different shapes. (被动语态) （在主动语态中make是及物动词，其动作的承受者即宾语是metals。）但是，并非所有的及物动词都有被动语态。比如，表示静态的动词（have、belong to）、宾语是反身代词或相互代词等。e.g. He has a nice house. 他有一所漂亮的房子。We must help each ot

6、her. 我们应该互相帮助。（3）主动语态中的主语在变为被动语态时通常变为由介词by的引出的宾语。e.g. They have already cut down the trees. The trees have already been cut down by them. 那些树木已经被他们砍光。如果谓语动词是know，在变为被动语态时，原来的主语变为由to引出的宾语。e.g. Many people know him very well. He is well known to many people. 很多人都非常了解他。 注意：我们之所以用被动语态是因为我们不清楚动作的执行者、或没有必

7、要指出动词的执行者等。因此很多被动语态没有由by引出的宾语。e.g. People may lose their lives and homes or they may be injured badly in a fire. 在大火中人们可能失去性命和家园，要不就是严重烧伤。It is used for protecting the fireman from smoke. 它用来保护消防人员以避免吸进烟雾。（4）在主动语态变为被动语态时，时态一般应保持一致。e.g. We will build more factories in my hometown. More factories will

8、 be built in my hometown. 我们家乡将要建起更多的工厂。 为此，我们必须记住以下某些时态的被动结构：do(es) is/am/are done did was/were done have/has done have/has been done will do will be done be doing be being done （5）某些动词可以跟双宾语如give、pass、bring、buy等，在变为被动语态时如果直接宾语变为被动语态中的主语，则间接宾语通常由介词to、for引出e.g. They pass me a letter. A letter is pas

9、sed to me. 他们递给我一封信。The mother bought her daughter a gift. A gift was bought for her daughter. 那位母亲给她女儿买了一件礼物。 （6）某些动词make、hear、see、watch等在主动语态中，其宾语补足语要求用不带to的不定式。但在变为被动语态时通常省略的不定式符号to必须恢复。e.g. He made us clean the classroom after school. We were made to clean the classroom after school. 我们被迫在放学后打扫教

10、室。I saw him come into the room. He was seen to come into the room. 人们看见他进了屋子。（7）在主动语态中如果谓语动词是含有介词或副词的短语动词，变为被动语态时不能丢掉该介词或副词。e.g. They must take good care of the children. The children must be taken good care of. 孩子们必须小心照看。（8）当read, wash, sell等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常要用主动形式表示被动意义。e.g. The cloth washes w

11、ell. 这种布料好洗。The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。【注】该用法通常与well, easily, quickly等副词连用。（9）不及物动词没有被动语态。因为不及物动词没有宾语，所以若将其用于被动语态则没有主语，故不能用于被动语态。但是值得注意的是，有些英语中的不及物动词，译成汉语时却可能是“及物”的，很容易出错，这类动词如：take place(发生)，happen(发生)，come about(发生)，break out(爆发)，appear(出现)，disappear(消失)，last(持续)，arise(出现，发生)等： Influenza usual

12、ly breaks out in winter. 流感通常发生在冬季。 Use this money when the need arises. 有需要时就使用这笔钱。 （10） 英语中的静态动词(如have, lack, fit, hold, suit, resemble 等)通常不用于被动语态： My shoes dont fit me. 我的鞋不合适。 The young man lacks experience. 这个年轻人缺乏经验。 （11）系动词是没有被动语态：Look, feel ,sound ,smell ,taste .The dish tastes good .（12）ne

13、ed表示需要时，后面常接doing 形式表示被动意义，相当于to be done .（13）在tooto及enough to 结构中有时表示被动意义。The problem is too difficult to solve.课堂运用：一、 选择正确答案( ) 1. English _ in Canada. A.speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( ) 2.This English song_ by the girls after class. A.often sings B. often sang C. is often sang

14、 D. is often sung( ) 3. This kind of car _ in Japan. A. makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 4. New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used( ) 5. Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 6. A new house _ at the corner of the r

15、oad. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 7. Doctors _ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( ) 8. Japanese _ in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking( ) 9. My shoes are worn out._A. Cant th

16、ey be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Cant they mended?( ) 10.The flowers _ often.A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water二、 用动词的正确语态填空。1. The students _ often _(tell) to take care of theirdesks and chairs.2. That play _(put) on again someti

17、me next month.3. The old man is ill. He _ (must send) to the hospital.4. Vegetables,eggs and fruits_ (sell) in this shop.6. The room _ (clean) by me every day.7. These kinds of machines _(make) in Japan.8. Apples _ _(grow) in this farm.三、按要求改写句子1. They make watches in Suzhou. Watches _ _ in Suzhou.(

18、 肯定式) Watches _ _ in Suzhou. (否定式) _ watches _ in Suzhou? (疑问式)2. Peter takes a photo. (肯定式)_ _ (否定式) _ (疑问式)_ _3. We clean the classroom every day. (肯定式)_(否定式) _ (疑问式)_四、将下列句子变成被动语态1.People use stamps for sending letters. _2.Parents and teachers should allow teenagers to choose their own clothes. _

19、3.What do people use mobile phones for? _4.Farmers grow rice in the south of China. _5.I cant repair the broken kite. _课后作业一、选择正确答案( ) 1.The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow( ) 2.The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can b

20、e mended( ) 3. The pot _ for _ hot water.A. used; keeping B. is used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep( ) 4. Wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung( )5. The teapot _ water.A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled( )6. O

21、ld people must be looked after well and _ politely.A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to( )7. Old people must _.A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well( ) 8. Newly-born babies_in hospital.A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take g

22、ood care of D. take good care( )9. These walls _ stone.A. are made of B. made of. C. are made into D. made into( ) 10.Please pass me another cup. This one_.A. is broken B. is breaking C. broke D. broken( )11. What time _ the door _ every day?A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close(

23、)12. Coal can _ to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.A. have used B. used C. be used D. use( )13. Nobody likes _.A. laughed at B. laughing at C. being laughed at D. being laughed( )14. It is said that tigers _ in Asia year after year.A. are being disappeared B. are disappearing C. wil

24、l be disappeared D. will disappear ( )15. We should keep the animals from _.A. be endangered B. endangering C. being endangered D. endangered( )16 As we know, all the regulations in school _.A. must keep to B. must be kept C. must keep D. must be kept up( )17. The river smells terrible. People must

25、_ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing( )18.Cotton _ in the southeast of China.A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow( )19.Your shoes _. You need a new pair.A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn( )20.The Great Wall _ a

26、ll over the world.A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known2、 用所给词的正确形式填空1. Planes,cars and trains _ _ (use) by businesspeople for travelling.2. We can finish the work in two days.The work _ _ _ in two days.3. They produce silk in Suzhou. Silk _ _ in Suzhou.4.My brother often mends his watch. His watch

27、_ _ _ by my brother.5.We must water the flowers every day. The flowers must _ _ (by us) every day.6.They use knives for cutting things. Knives _ _ for cutting things.7.We clean the classroom every day. The classroom _ _ every day.三、按要求改写句子1. They make watches in Suzhou. Watches _ _ in Suzhou.( 肯定式)

28、Watches _ _ in Suzhou. (否定式) _ watches _ in Suzhou? (疑问式)2. Peter takes a photo. (肯定式)_ _ (否定式) _ (疑问式)_ _3. We clean the classroom every day. (肯定式)_(否定式) _ (疑问式)_四、按要求完成句子1.He doesnt operate this machine. _2. Students must obey the school rules. _3. We might put off the soccer match until next Tuesday. _4. People produ