传热学专业英语词汇

1、Chapter 1 Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer主要内容1.     Concepts: heat (thermal energy)、heat transfer、thermodynamics、total amount of heat transfer、heat transfer rate、heat flux、conduction、convection、radiation 2.     Equations:1) The first law of thermodynamic

2、s (conservation of energy principle)2) Heat balance equation: a) closed system; b) open system (steady-flow)3) Fouriers law of heat conduction4) Newtons law of cooling5) Stefan-Boltzmann law 主要专业词汇heat transfer 传热、热传递、传热学 thermodynamics热力学caloric 热素 specific heat 比热 mass flow rate 质量流率latent he

3、at 潜热 sensible heat 显热 heat flux热流密度heat transfer rate热流量total amount of heat transfer总热量 conduction导热 convection对流 radiation辐射thermal conductivity 热导率 thermal diffusivity 热扩散率convection/combined heat transfer coefficient 对流/综合换热系数emissivity 发射率 absorptivity 吸收率simultaneous heat transfer 复合换热Chapter

4、 2 Heat Conduction Equation主要内容1.     Concepts: temperature field、temperature gradient、heat generation、initial condition、boundary condition、steadytransient heat transfer、uniformnonuniform temperature distribution 2.     Equations:1) Fouriers law of heat c

5、onduction (§2-1) 2) Heat conduction equation (in rectangularcylindricalspherical coordinates) (§2-2、§2-3)3) Boundary conditions: (§2-4)a)    Specified temperature B. C. b) Specified heat flux B. C. special case(dt/dx=0): insulation、thermal symmetry; c) Convection B

6、.C. d) Radiation B.C.e) Interface B.C. 4) Average thermal conductivity kave (§2-7)5) Solution of one-dimensional, steady heat conduction in plane walls、cylinders and spheres (k =const)：a) no heat generation, specified B.C.: T(x) or T(r) (§2-5) Q(x) or Q(r), Q=constb) with heat generation,

7、Specified B.C. or Convection B.C. : (§2-6)    Tmax=To-Ts= gs2/2nk ; q(x)=gx/n; Ts=T¥+ gs/nhcharacteristic length S, shape factor n:plane walls s = L (half thickness), n = 1cylinders s = ro, n = 2spheres s = ro, n =3 3.     Methods: Solve a heat trans

8、fer problem1) Mathematical formulation (differential equation & B.C.)2) General solution of equation4) Unique solution of the problem 主要专业词汇temperature fielddistribution温度场分布 temperature gradient温度梯度heat generation热生成(热源) initialboundary condition初始边界条件transient heat transfer瞬态(非稳态)传热 isoth

9、ermal surface 等温面Heat conduction differential equation 导热微分方程trial and error method试算法 iterate迭代 convergence 收敛Chapter 3 Steady Heat Conduction主要内容1.     Concepts: multilayercomposite wall overall heat transfer coefficient Uthermal resistance Rt thermal contact resistance Rc crit

10、ical radius of insulation Rcrfin efficiency fin effectiveness 2.     Equations:ü         Multiplayer plane wall、cylinders and spheres: ü         Fin: fin equationrefer to the attachment

11、. 1) Uniform cross-section: refer to the attachment.2) Varying cross-section:  refer to the attachment. 主要专业词汇thermal resistance热阻 parallel 并联 in series串联thermal contact resistance 接触热阻 composite wall 复合壁面thermal grease 热脂 cross-section 横截面 temperature execess 过余温度hyperbolic 双曲线的 expo

12、nent 指数fin 肋(翅)片 fin base 肋基 fin tip 肋端fin efficiency 肋效率 fin effectiveness 肋片有效度Chapter 4 Transient Heat Conduction 主要内容1.     Concepts: lumped system analysis characteristic length (Lc=V/A)Biot number (Bi=hLc /k) Fourier number ( = at/L)   2.  

13、0;  Equations: l        Bi0, lumped system analysis (§4-1) l        Bi>0, Heisler/Grober charts OR analytical expressionsü            1-D：a) infini

14、te large plane walls, long cylinders and spheres (§4-2)    b) semi-infinite solids (§4-3)ü            multidimensional: product solution (§4-4)  主要专业词汇lumped system analysis 集总参数法 characteristic lengt

15、h 特征长度（尺寸）dimension 量纲 nondimensionalize 无量纲化 dimensionless quantity 无量纲量semi-infinite solid 半无限大固体 complementary error function 误差余函数series 级数 production solution 乘积解Chapter 5 Numerical Methods in Heat Conduction 主要内容1.     Concepts: control volume (energy balance) method、

16、finite difference method、discretization、 node、space step、time step、mesh Biot number、mesh Fourier number、mirror image concept、explicit/implicit method、stability criterion (primary coefficients ³0) Numerical error: 1) discretization/truncation error; 2) round-off error 2.   &#

17、160; Methods:Numerical solution:1) Discretization in space and time (Dx, Dt);2) Build all nodes finite difference formulations (including interior and boundary nodes);                      &

18、#160;                                        i.    Finite difference method  

19、60;                                                 

20、60;        ii.    Energy balance method (i.e. Control Volume method)3) Solution of nodal difference eqs. of heat conduction; i.           Direct method: Gaussian Eliminationii.    

21、     Iterative method: Gauss-Seidel iteration 主要专业词汇control volume 控制容积 finite difference有限差分 Taylor series expression泰勒级数展开式mirror image concept 镜像法 Elimination method 消元法direct/iterative method 直接/迭代方法 explicit/implicit method 显式/隐式格式stability criterion 稳定性条件 primary coeff

22、icients 主系数 unconditionally 无条件地 algebraic eq. 代数方程discretization/truncation error 离散/截断误差 round-off error 舍入误差Chapter 6、7 Forced Convection and Natural Convection 主要内容1.     Concepts: Nu、Re、Gr、PrForce/natural convection、external/internal flow、velocity/thermal boundary layer

23、flow regimes、laminar/turbulent flowhydrodynamic/thermal entry region、fully developed regionCritical Reynolds Number (Rec)、hydraulic diameter (Dh)、film temperature (Tf)、bulk mean fluid temperature (Tb) logarithmic mean temperature difference ( DTln)volume expansion coefficient ( = 1/T)effective therm

24、al conductivity (Keff = KNu) 2.     Equations:Drag force ：FD = CfAV2/2Heat transfer rate：Q = hA(Ts-T¥) 3Typical Convection Phenomena:1) Forced convection： external flowflow over flat plates (§6-4)          

25、0;                flow across cylinders and spheres (§6-5)                           

26、            internal flowflow in tubes (§6-6)2) Natural convection： flow over surfaces (§7-2)                       

27、0;         flow inside enclosures (§7-3) 主要专业词汇Force/natural convection 自然/强制对流 laminar/turbulent flow 层/湍流boundary layer 边界层 laminar sublayer 层流底层 buffer layer 缓冲层 transition region 过渡区 flow regimes 流态inertia/viscous force 惯性/粘性力 shear stress 剪

28、切应力 friction/drag coefficient 摩擦/阻力系数 friction factor 摩擦因子dynamic/kinematic viscous 动力/运动粘度wake 尾流 stagnation point 滞止点 flow separation 流体分离vortex 漩涡 rotational motion 环流 velocity fluctuation 速度脉动hydrodynamic 水动力学的 hydraulic diameter 水力直径fully developed region 充分发展段 volume flow rate 体积流量arithmetic/l

29、ogarithmic mean temperature difference 算术/对数平均温差volume expansion coefficient 体积膨胀系数interferometer 干涉仪 asymptotic渐近线的effective thermal conductivity 有效热导率analogical method 类比法 integral approach 积分近似法order of magnitude analysis 数量级分析法 similarity principle 相似原理Chapter 9 Radiation Heat Transfer 主要内容

30、1.     Concepts: black body、gray body、diffuse surface、emissive power (E)emissivity ()、absorptivity ()、reflectivity ()、transmissivity ()irradiation(G)、radiosity(J)、reradiating(adiabatic) surfaceview factor (Fij)、radiation network、space resistance、surface resistanceradiation shield

31、gas radiation、transparent medium to radiation、absorbing and transmitting medium 2.     Laws:Blackbody： (1) Planks law(2) Stefan-Boltzmanns law(3) Wiens displacement lawGraybody： (4) Kirchhoffs lawActual body： E (T) = Eb(T) = T4 W/m2Gas： (5) Beers law 3Calculation:1) Vie

32、w factor：reciprocity/summation/superposition/symmetry Rulecrossed-strings method2) Radiation heat transfer：Radiation networkOpen system： between two surface (e.g. two large parallel plates)Enclosure： 2-surface enclosure；3-surface enclosureRadiation shield 主要专业词汇thermal radiation热辐射、quantum theo

33、ry量子理论、index of refraction 折射系数electromagnetic wave/spectrum 电磁波/波谱、ultraviolet (UV) rays紫外线、infrared (IR) rays 红外线absorptivity 吸收率、reflectivity 反射率、transmissivity 透射率、emissivity () 发射率(黑度)、specular/diffuse reflection 镜反射/漫反射irradiation (incident radiation) 投入辐射、radiosity 有效辐射spectral/directional/to

34、tal emissive power单色/定向/总 辐射力fraction of radiation energy 辐射能量份额(辐射比)、blackbody radiation function 黑体辐射函数view factor 辐射角系数、crossed-strings method交叉线法、reciprocity/summation/superposition/symmetry Rule相互/完整/和分/对称性net radiation heat transfer 净辐射热流量radiation network 辐射网络图、space/surface radiation resistance 空间/表面辐射热阻、reradiating surface重辐射面、adiabatic 绝热的radiation shield遮热板transparent medium to radiation辐射透热体、absorbing and transmitting medium吸收-透过性介质Chapter 10 Heat Exchangers 主要内容1.     Conce