ProjectIEEEP802.15WorkingGroupforWirelessPersonal

1、IEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 1Submission Title: DBO-CSS PHY Presentation for 802.15.4aDate Submitted: March 07, 2005Source: (1) John Lampe, et al, (2) Kyung-Kuk Lee, et alCompany: (1) Nanotron Technologies, (2) Orthotron Co., Ltd.Addr

2、ess: (1) Alt-Moabit 61, 10555 Berlin, Germany, (2) 709 Kranz Techono, 5442-1 Sangdaewon-dong, Jungwon-gu, Sungnam-si, Kyungki-do, Korea 462-120Voice: (1) +49 30 399 954 135, (2) 82-31-777-8198 , E-Mail: (1) , (2) Re: This is in response to the TG4a Call for Proposals, 04/0380r2Abstract: The Nanotron

3、 - Orthotron DBO-CSS is described and the detailed response to the Selection Criteria document is providedPurpose: Submitted as the candidate proposal for TG4a Alt-PHYNotice:This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the

4、contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.Release:The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contributi

5、on becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.IEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 2by John Lampe, Rainer Hach, and Lars Menzer Nanotron Technologies GmbH, GKyung-Kuk Lee / Jong-Wha ChongOrthotron Co., Ltd. / H

6、anyang Univ., Korea IEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 3Contents DBO-CSS System Overview Selection Criteria Document Topics PAR and 5C Requirement Checklist SummaryIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; L

7、ee, OrthotronSlide 4DBO-CSS System Overview Chirp Property Concept of Sub-Chirps Block-diagram DBO-CSK: Differentially Bi-Orthogonal Chirp-Spread-SpectrumIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 50( )Re exp () ( )()2BWchirpschirpchirpstjt tu tu t

8、TTSBWtt( )chirpst0( )Re exp ()()2BWchirpsRCchirpchirpstjt tptTTLinear Chirp: Rectangular WindowLinear Chirp: Raised-Cosine Window-1-0.8-0.6-0.4-0.200.20.40.60.81-200-150-100-5005010015020000.20.40.60.81Correlation Property of Chirp SignalAmplitudeDBO-CSS System OverviewIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a Submis

9、sionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 6 -20 -10 fc 10 20 (MHz)-50-40-30-20-100SpectrumFbw = 7.0 MHzrolloff = 0.25;Fdiff = 6.3 MHz;Tc = 4.8usecI IIIII IVFreq. - TimettttDBO-CSS System OverviewIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, Or

10、thotronSlide 7Waveform00.511.522.533.544.55-10100.511.522.533.544.55-10100.511.522.533.544.55-10100.511.522.533.544.55-101I IIIII IVFreq. - TimettttDBO-CSS System OverviewIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 8DigitalMODLPLPIQLOfcI/Q Modulator

11、fT = f 10 MHzLow-PassFilterDBO-CSS System OverviewIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 9DDDLDigital DEMODfR = fLO 10 MHzUpDownRSSII/Q DemodulatorIQLOLPLPLow-PassFilterADCfc11 DBO-CSS pulse22 Correlation pulse3 Trigger signal with adaptive thr

12、eshold 3ADCDBO-CSS System OverviewIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 10DBO-CSS System Overview1zCSK Gen.1344P/S8-aryDBO-CSKSymbolMapperS/PFECr=1, 1/2Scram-blerBinary Data010011100110001101Binary SymbolBi-OrthogonalSymbolDifferentiallyBi-Ort

13、hogonalSymbolIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 11 Band in Use Signal Robustness interference mitigation techniques. Interference Susceptibility Coexistence Technical Feasibility Manufacturability Time to Market Regulatory Impact Backward C

14、ompatibility Scalability Mobility MAC Protocol Supplement PHY Layer Criteria Unit Manufacturing Cost/Complexity (UMC) Size and Form Factor Payload Bit Rate and Data Throughput Simultaneously Operating Piconets Signal Acquisition Clear Channel Assessment System Performance Error rate Receiver sensiti

15、vity Ranging Link Budget Power Management Modes Power Consumption Antenna PracticalitySelection Criteria Document TopicIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 12 2.4GHz ISM Band with 802.11b channel scheme 20MHz Bandwidth: Consists of 4 sub-chir

16、p signals per CarrierSelection Criteria Document Topic -20 -10 fc 10 20 (MHz)-50-40-30-20-100SpectrumFbw = 7.0 MHzrolloff = 0.25;Fdiff = 6.3 MHz;Tc = 4.8usecIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 13 Co-existence / Interference Mitigation Techni

17、que - Orthogonal / Quasi-Orthogonal Signal Set - High Spectral Processing Gain: Chirp - Near-Far Problem: FDM Channels (7ch 2.4GHz) Interference Susceptibility - Low Cross-Correlation property with Existing Signal Robustness: - Heavy Multi-path Environment - SOP Low Sensitivity for Component Toleran

18、ce - Crystal : 40ppm Mobility - Wide-band Chirp: Insensitive for Fading & Doppler Shift - Easily Maintaining Timing Sync. of Received SignalSelection Criteria Document TopicIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 14Selection Criteria Documen

19、t TopicInterference Mitigation Techniquesl The proposed DBO-CSS PHY is designed to operate in a hostile environment MultipathNarrow and broadband intentional and unintentional interferersl Since a chirp transverses a relatively wide bandwidth it has an inherent immunity to narrow band interferersl M

20、ultipath is mitigated with the natural frequency diversity of the waveforml Broadband interferer effects are reduced by the receivers correlatorl Forward Error Correction (FEC) can further reduce interference and multipath effects.l Three non-overlapping frequency channels in the 2.4 GHz ISM bandThi

21、s channelization allows this proposal to coexist with other wireless systems such as 802.11 b, g and even Bluetooth (v1.2 has adaptive hopping) via DFSl DBO-CSS proposal utilizes CCA mechanisms of Energy Detection (ED) and Carrier Detectionl These CCA mechanisms are similar to those used in IEEE 802

22、.15.4-2003In addition to the low duty cycle for the applications served by this standard sufficient arguments were made to convince the IEEE 802 sponsor ballot community that coexistence was not an issue.IEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 1

23、5Selection Criteria Document TopicInterference SusceptibilitySupport for Interference Ingressl Example (without FEC): Bandwidth B of the chirp = 20 MHz Duration time T of the chirp = 4.8 s Center frequency of the chirp (ISM band) = 2.437 GHz Processing gain, BT product of the chirp = 19.8 dB Eb/N0 a

24、t detector input (BER=10E-4) = 12.5 dB In-band carrier to interferer ratio (C/I BER=10-4)= 12.5 19.8 = -7.3 dB IEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 16Selection Criteria Document TopicCoexistence-60-50-40-30-20-10001020304050|f-fc| (MHz)Attenu

25、ation (dB)Low interference egressl IEEE 802.11b receiver More than 30 dB of protection in an adjacent channel Almost 60 dB in the alternate channel These numbers are similar for the 802.11g receiverIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 17Selec

26、tion Criteria Document TopicManufacturabilityIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 18Selection Criteria Document TopicTime to Marketl No regulatory hurdles l DBO-CSS based chips are available on the marketl No research barriers no unknown bloc

27、ks l Normal design and product cycles will applyl Can be manufactured in all CMOSIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 19Selection Criteria Document TopicRegulatory Impactl Devices manufactured in compliance with the DBO-CSS proposal can be op

28、erated under existing regulations in all significant regions of the world- Including but not limited to North and South America, Europe, Japan, China, Korea, and most other areas- There are no known limitation to this proposal as to indoors or outdoorsl The DBO-CSS proposal would adhere to the follo

29、wing worldwide regulations:- United States Part 15.247 or 15.249- Canada DOC RSS-210- Europe ETS 300-328- Japan ARIB STD T-66IEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 20Selection Criteria Document TopicBackward Compatibilityl Due to the similariti

30、es with DSSS it is possible to implement this proposal in a manner that will allow backward-compatibility with the 802.15.4 2.4 GHz standard.l The transmitter changes are relatively straightforward.l Changes to the receiver would include either dual correlators or a superset of DBO-CSS and DSSS corr

31、elators.l Optional methods for backward-compatibility could be left up to the implementer - mode switching - dynamic change (on-the-fly) techniquel This backward-compatibility would be a significant advantage in the marketplace by allowing these devices to communicate with existing deployed 802.15.4

32、 infrastructure and eliminating customer confusion.IEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 21l Mandatory rate = 1 Mb/s l Optional rates = 500 Kb/s, 250 Kb/sl Lower data rates achieved by using interleaved FECl Lower chirp rates would yield bette

33、r performance- longer range, less retries, etc. in an AWGN environment or a multipath limited environmentl It should be noted that these data rates are only discussed here to show scalability, if these rates are to be included in the draft standard the group must revisit the PHY header such as the S

34、FD.Selection Criteria Document TopicIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 22l The proposer is confident that the DBO-CSS proposal would also work well in other frequency bands Ex) Including the 5 GHz UNII / ISM bandsSelection Criteria Document

35、 TopicIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 23l For extremely long ranges the transmit power may be raised to each countrys regulatory limit, for example: The US would allow 30 dBm of output power with up to a 6 dB gain antenna The European ET

36、S limits would specify 20 dBm of output power with a 0 dB gain antennal Note that even though higher transmit power requires significantly higher current it doesnt significantly degrade battery life since the transmitter has a much lower duty cycle than the receiver, typically 10% or less of the rec

37、eive duty cycle.Selection Criteria Document TopicIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 24CommunicationNo system inherent restrictions are seen for this proposalThe processing gain of chirp signals is extremely robust against frequency offsets

38、such as those caused by the Doppler effect when there is a high relative speed vrel between two devices.The Doppler effect must also be considered when one device is mounted on a rotating machine, wheel, etc.The limits will be determined by other, general (implementation-dependent) processing module

39、s (AGC, symbol synchronization, etc.).RangingThe ranging scheme proposed in this document relies on the exchange of two hardware acknowledged data packetsOne for each direction between two nodesThe total time for single-shot (2 data, 2 Ack) ranging procedure between the two nodes is the time trangin

40、g which, depending on the implementation, might be impacted by the uC performance. During this time the change of distance should stay below the accuracy da required by the application. The worst case is:For da = 1mtranging = 2 ms this yields vrel 1000 m/srangingareltdv2Selection Criteria Document T

41、opicIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 25Selection Criteria Document Topicl There are very minimal anticipated changes to the 15.4 MAC to support the proposed Alt-PHY. Three channels are called for with this proposal and it is recommended t

42、hat the mechanism of channel bands from the proposed methods of TG4b be used to support the new channels. There will be an addition to the PHY-SAP primitive to include the choice of data rate to be used for the next packet. This is a new field.l Ranging calls for new PHY-PIB primitives are expected

43、to be developed by the Ranging subcommittee.IEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 26Selection Criteria Document TopicManufacturing Cost/ComplexityBaseBand DigitalEstimated Complexity 500Kbps / 250Kbps gatesData-Rate250 Kbps1MHz / 500 KbpsTxTxS

44、crambler1541.5K / 1.6KOOFEC Encoder (r=1/2)100OXSymbol Mapper13OODifferential Encoder56OOChirp-pulse Modulator290OOFramer & Others1KOORxDifferential Detector39k49.4K / 145KOOSymbol Demapper200OOMax Selector100OOFEC Decoder (r=1/2)95KOXDescrambler154OODeframer & Others10KOOCommon5KOOTransceiv

45、er152K56KIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 27Selection Criteria Document TopicManufacturing Cost/Complexity Target process:RF-CMOS, 0.18 m feature sizePos.Block descriptionEstimated AreaUnit1Receiver with high-end LNA2.00mm2Transmitter, Po

46、ut = + 10 dBm1.85mm3Digitally Controlled Oscillator + miscellaneous blocks0.62mm4Digital and MAC support0.30mm5Digital Dispersive Delay Line (DDDL) for the proposed chirp duration0.32mm6Chirp generator for the proposed chirp duration0.08mmOccupied chip area for all major blocks required to build com

47、plete transceiver chip utilizing DBO-CSS technology5.17mmIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 28Selection Criteria Document TopicManufacturing Cost/Complexity Target process:RF-CMOS, 0.13 m feature sizePos.Block descriptionEstimated AreaUnit1

48、Receiver with high-end LNA1.90mm2Transmitter, Pout = + 10 dBm1.71mm3Digitally Controlled Oscillator + miscellaneous blocks0.59mm4Digital and MAC support0.19mm5Digital Dispersive Delay Line (DDDL) for the proposed chirp duration0.21mm6Chirp generator for the proposed chirp duration0.06mmOccupied chip

49、 area for all major blocks required to build complete transceiver chip utilizing DBO-CSS technology4.66mmIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 29Selection Criteria Document TopicSize and Form Factorl The implementation of the DBO-CSS proposal

50、will be much less than SD Memory at the onset Following the form factors of Bluetooth and IEEE 802.15.4 / ZigBeel The implementation of this device into a single chip is relatively straightforward As evidenced in the “Unit Manufacturing Complexity” slidesIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005L

51、ampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 30SD Memory (32mm X 24 mm)Ex) Battery Capacity: 3V x 30mAh (324Joule) Dimension: 10 x 2.5 (Dia. x Ht. mm)SD Memory (32mm X 24 mm)2.4 GHzBasebandRFPattern Antenna (24mm X 14mm)5.1/5.7 GHzPattern Antenna(12mm X 9mm)BasebandRFSelection Criteria Document

52、 TopicSize and Form FactorIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 31DATA FrameACK FrameDATA FrameTACKTLIFT330 / 588 / 1104 sec114 / 156 / 240 secPayload: 32byte 5byte574 / 874 / 1474 secTACK + TLIFT = 130usecPayload Bit-rate: Data-rate: 1MHz / 5

53、00Kbps / 250Kbps per piconet Aggregated Data-rate: Max. 4Mbps (4 X 1Mbps) per FDM Channel FDM Channels: 7 CH. (2.4GHz)Data Throughput: Payload bit-rate 1Mbps / 500Kbps / 250Kbps : Throughput 446 Kbps / 293 Kbps / 173.7 KbpsSelection Criteria Document TopicBit Rate and Data ThroughputIEEE-15-05-0126-

54、00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 32Data Frame:Payload bit-rate : 1Mbps (r=1) / 500Kbps (r=1) / 250Kbps (r=1/2)PreambleDelimiter Length+Rate5Chirp 1Chirp 6Chirp 43chirps (1Mbps) / 86chirps (500Kbps) or 172chirps (250Kbps)MPDU330 sec (1Mbps) / 588 sec (500

55、Kbps) / 1104 sec (250Kbps)(8 + 1)bit (32X8 +2) bitACK Frame:Payload bit-rate : 1Mbps(r=1) / 500Kbps (r=1) / 250Kbps (r=1/2)PreambleDelimiter Length+Rate5Chirp 1Chirp 6Chirp 7chirps (1Mbps) / 14chirps (500Kbps) / 28chirps (250Kbps)MPDU114 sec (1Mbps) / 156 sec (500Kbps) / 240 sec (250Kbps)(8 + 1)bit

56、(5X8 +2) bitSelection Criteria Document TopicBit Rate and Data ThroughputIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 33Selection Criteria Document TopicBit Rate and Data ThroughputThe SFD structure has different values for, and determines, the effec

57、tive data rate for PHR and PSDUThe Preamble is 32 bits in duration (a bit time is 1 s)In this proposal, the PHR field is used to describe the length of the PSDU that may be up to 256 octets in lengthIn addition to the structure of each frame, the following shows the structure and values for frames i

58、ncluding overhead not in the information carrying frameOctets: 41 or 2 1Variable (up to 256)PreambleSFDFrame length (8 bits) PHY payloadSHRPHRPSDUACKShort frameACKLong frameSIFStacktackLIFSShort frameSIFSLIFSLong frameAcknowledged transmissionUnacknowledged transmissionWhere aTurnaroundTime - tack -

59、 (aTurnaroundTime + aUnitBackoffPeriod)IEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a SubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 34267 Kb/s plot1 Mb/s plotTack= 192 sSIFS= 192 s330 Kb/s155 Kb/s797 Kb/s245 Kb/sSelection Criteria Document TopicBit Rate and Data ThroughputIEEE-15-05-0126-00-004a S

60、ubmissionMarch 2005Lampe, Hach, Menzer, Nanotron; Lee, OrthotronSlide 35l Separating Piconets by frequency division This DBO-CSS proposal includes a mechanism for FDMA by including the three frequency bands used by 802.11 b, g and also 802.15.3 It is believed that the use of these bands will provide sufficient