英语中名词的用法

1、英语中名词的用法、英语中各种词性的用法及解释1.名词名词可以分为专有名词(ProperNouns)和普通名词(CommonNouns)。专有名词是某个(些)人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing,China等。(不是专有名词就是普通名词)(1)名词变复数的方法1)规则的变复数的方法情况构成方法例词一般情况加-smap-mapsbag-bagscar-cars以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加-esbus-buseswatch-watches以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i再力口esbaby-babies2)不规则变化情况一以o结尾的名词，变复数时:photo-photospiano-pian

2、osa.力口s,如：radio-radioszoo-zoostomato tomatoesb.力口es,如：potatopotatoes（基本规律：有生命性质的词在后面加es,否则加s） 以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：a. 加s，如：belief-beliefsroof-roofssafe-safesgulf-gulfs；b. 去f,fe加-ves，如：half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaveswolf-wolveswife-wiveslife-livesthief-thieves； 名词复数的不规则变化child-childrenfoot-feettooth-tee

3、thmouse-miceman-menwoman-women 单复同形如：deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。如：peoplepolicecattle等本身就是复数，不能说apeople，apolice，acattle，但可以说aperson，apoliceman，aheadofcattle,theEnglish，theBritish，theFrench，theChinese，theJapanese，theSwiss等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。 以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如： maths，politics，physics等

4、学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。news是不可数名词。(2)名词的格1） 在英语中有些名词可以加"'s"来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：ateacher'sbook。名词所有格的规则如下：2） 单数名词词尾加"'s"，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加"'s"，如theboy'sbag男孩的书包，men'sroom男厕所。3） 若名词已有复数词尾-s，只加"'"，如：theworkers'struggle工人的斗争。4） 凡不能加&

5、quot;'s"的名词，都可以用"名词+of+名词"的结构来表示所有关系，如：thetitleofthesong歌的名字。5） 在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如：thebarber's理发店。6）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's,则表示“分别有"；只有一个s,则表示'共有'。如：John'sandMary'sroom（两间）JohnandMary'sroom（一间）例题解析1. Theygotmuchfromthosenewbooks.A.id

6、easB.photosC.newsD.stories2. Ihavetwoandthreebottlesofhere.A.orange,orangeB.oranges,orangesC.oranges,orangeD.orange,oranges3. EveryeveningMr.Kingtakesatohishome.A.25minuteswalkB.25minuteswalkC.25minutewalkD.25minuteswalk解析：句中的minute应该用其复数的所有格形式，只+',而不能+s,因此选A。4. Anoldwantstoseeyou.A. peopleB. pe

7、rsonC. the people D. the person解析:person与people都有”人”的意思,但用法不同.“一个人”用“aperson”,“两个人”用“twopersons”;people泛指“人们”是集合名词,表示复数,thepeople指“人民”,apeople指“一个民族”.应选B。5. Helpyourselfto.A.chickensandapplesB.chickensandappleC.chickenandappleD.chickenandapples解析:chicken可用作可数名词指小鸡,用作不可数名词指鸡肉,根据词题意应理解为鸡肉;apple为可数名词,故

8、应+s,因此选D。6. Oh,dear.Iforgotthetwo.A.roomsnumberB.roomsnumberC.roomnumbersD.roomsnumbers解析:roomnumber房间号码.room可直接用作定语修饰后面的名词.类似的还有myphsicsteacher,twobusdrivers等.应选C。7. ShehasbeeninTianjinfortenyears.TianjinhasbecomehersecondA.familyB.houseC.homeD.room解析:family指的是家庭或是家庭成员;house指的是房子（住所）;room指的是房间;而hom

9、e指的是家,因此选C.8. motherscouldntgotothemeeting,becausetheyhavegonetoShanghai.A. Mary and Peter sB. Mary and PeterC. Mary s and PeterD. Mary s and Peter s解析：此句中“mothers”是复数，表示两个人各自的母亲，因此应选D9. LiLeihasbeentomanytimesthismonth.A.heruncleB.herunclesC.herunclesD.aunts解析:此句意为“李雷这个去她舅舅家多次”.表示具体场所时,可省去所有格后面的名词.

10、因此选B。10. Heisasuccessasaleaderbuthehasntinteaching.A.manyexperiencesB.muchexperienceC.anexperienceD.alotexperience解析:experience作“经验”讲时是不可数名词,作“经历”讲时是可数名词.本句中应理解为“经验”,因此是不可数名词,排除AC.又因alotof,lotsof,plentyof只用于肯定句,不用于否定句,因此选B。11. Aclassmateofwasheretenminutesago.A.youB.yourC.yoursisterD.yoursisters解析:此

11、题考查名词的双重所有格.应选D。12. Agroupofaretalkingwithtwo.A.Frenchmen,GermansB.Germans,FrenchmansC.Frenchmans,GermenD.Germen,Frenchmen解析:Frenchman是复合词,其复数形式为Frenchmen;German的复数为直接在单词末尾+S,应选A.13.Theteamhavingameeting.1. isB.areC.amD.be解析:team是一个集合名词,即可表示复数意义（指整个小组）,也可指小组中的成员（表示复数）,此题意为后者,因此选B。14. “Wouldyoulike?“

12、”,please.”A.drink,ThreecoffeesB.acupofdrink,CoffeesC.adrink,AcoffeeD.adrink,Threecupsofcoffees解析：drink和coffee是不可数名词，可以用of来表示数量，eg,threecupsofcoffee,当前面加a时,则表示“一杯”因此选C。15. TheGreatWallwasmadenotonlyby,butalsothefleshandbloodofmen.A.earthandstone,millionsofB.earthsandstones,millionsC.theearthandstone,

13、millionofD.theearthsandstones,millions解析：earth是不可数名词，因此删除BD,数以百万的应为millionsof.因此选A。选择最佳答案：1. Lastnight,therewasafoodaccident.Thewereill,butnowerelost.A.child,livesB.children,lifeC.children,livesD.child,life2. -Thisisaphotoofwhentheywereyoung.-OK,howhappytheybothlooked!A.myfatherandmotherB.mymotheran

14、dfather'sC.mymother'sandfather'sD.myfather'sandmymother3. Thenewstudentisin,GradeTwo.A. Class ThirdB. Third ClassC. Class ThreeD. Three class4. TodayisSeptember10th.It'sDay.Let'sgoandbuysomeflowersforourteachers.A.TeachersB.Teachers'C.theTeachers'D.Teacher's5. The

15、marketisn'tfarfromhere.It'sonlybicycleride.A.halfanhours'B.halfanhour'sC.halfanhourD.anhourandahalf6. -Whatwouldyouliketodrink,girls?-,please.A.TwocupofcoffeeB.TwocupsofcoffeC.TwocupsofcoffeeD.Twocupsofcoffees7. DuringChristmas,peoplegettogetherandsingChristmassongsfor.A.funB.wishesC

16、.interestD.thanks8. Someareflyingkitesneartheriver.A.childB.boyC.boysD.childs9. Aftertheexam,we'llhaveholiday.A.twoweeksB.two-weeksC.twoweeks'D.twoweek's10. Theyarethosebags.Pleaseputthemonthebus.A.visitorB.visitorsC.visitor'sD.visitors'11. -Howmanyworkersarethereinyourfactory?-T

17、herearetwo.A.hundredsB.hundredC.hundredofD.hundredsof12. -WhatdoyouthinkofthetheMoonlightSonatabyBeethoven?-Itsoundsreallywonderful.A. subjectB. musicC. bookD. animal13. Thereisnotenoughinthecornerforthefridge.A.placeB.roomC.fieldD.ground14. comesfromsheepandsomepeoplelikeeatingitA.WoolB.PorkC.Mutto

18、nD.Milk15. Ifyoudon'ttakemore,you'llgetfat.A.medicineB.lessonsC.photosD.exercise16. Myschoolisabouttwentywalkfromhere.A.minuteB.minutes'C.minutes'sD.minutes17. Mum,Ihavetotellyou!A.agoodnewsB.somegoodnewsC.somegoodnewesD.muchgoodnews18. Whichisthetothepostoffice?A.streetB.wayC.roadD.

19、address19. IstayedatlastSunday.A.myunclesB.myuncles'C.myuncle'sD.myuncle'sfamily20. Mathsnoteasytolearn.A.areB.isC.amD.were1-5 CBCBB6-10 CACCD11-15 ABBCD16-20 BBBC2. 形容词A“HowcanIlearnEnglishwell?”Thisisaquestionmanystudentsask.Inmyopinion,themosteffectivewayistolearnlessonsbyheart.Ifyouc

20、anrecitethetextandwriteitout,you'velearneditfairlywell.Andifyoucantell,inyourownwords,whatthelessonsaysyou'reaverysuccessfullearnerindeed.YourEnglishwillbequiteperfect.Thisisadifficulttask.However,ifyoutrytolearnbyheartonlypartofeachlesson,you'llfinditnothalfsohardasyoumighthavethought.L

21、earningthisway,youwillmakerapidprogress.Ofcourse,writingisalsonecessary.IthelpsyoualotonourwaytosuccessinEnglish.Equallyimportantistofeelthelanguage.Youshouldbeabletolaughatjokesandbeshockedatbadnews.WhenusingEnglish,trytoforgetyourmothertongue.Insteadofhelpingyou,yourownlanguagegetsinyourway.So,nev

22、ertrytoseeEnglishthroughtranslation.1.Inthewriter'sopinion,themosteffectivewayinlearningEnglishisA.topractisespeaking,writingandfeelingitB.toforgetyourownnativelanguageC.totranslateeverythingintohisownlanguageD.tomemorizetheEnglishwordsandgrammaticalrules2 .“Insteadofhelpingyou,yourownlanguagege

23、tsinyourway."Thissentencemeansthatmemorizingyourownlanguagecan.A.helpyoutostudyEnglishwellB.stopyoumasteringEnglishC.makeEnglisheasytolearnD.helpyounoticemistakes3 .Equallyimportantistofeelthelanguage.“tofeelthelanguage”heremeans.A.togetaknowledgeofEnglishbytouchingB. tobeabletoreadandwriteEngl

24、ishC.totranslateEnglishintoyourownbyimaginingD.tobeabletoexperiencetherichsensationofthelanguageBWhenwecanseewell,wedonotthinkaboutoureyesoften.Itisonlywhenwecannotseeperfectlythatwecometoseehowimportantoureyesare.Peoplewhoarenearsightedcanonlyseethingsthatareveryclosetotheireyes.Manypeoplewhodoalot

25、ofclosework,suchaswritingandreading,becomenearsighted.Thentheyhavetowearglassesinordertoseedistantthingsclearly.Peoplewhoarefarsightedfacejusttheoppositeproblem.Theycanseethingsthatarefaraway,buttheyhavedifficultyreadingabookunlesstheyholditatarm'slength.Iftheywanttodomuchreading,theymustgetglas

26、sestoo.Otherpeopledonotseeclearlybecausetheireyesarenotexactlytherightshape.This,too,canbecorrectedbyglasses.Somepeople'seyesbecomecloudybecauseofcataracts.Longagothesepeopleoftenbecameblind.Now,however,itispossibletooperateonthecataractsandremovethem.Whennightfalls,colorsbecomefaintertotheeyesa

27、ndfinallydisappear.Afteryoureyeshavegrownusedtothedark,youcanseebetterifyouusethesideofyoureyesratherthanthecenters.Sometimes,afterdark,youseeasmallthingtoonesideofyou,whichseemstodisappearifyouturnyourheadinitsdirection.Thisisbecausewhenyouturnyourhead,youarelooking?atthethingtoodirectly.Menonguard

28、dutysometimesthinktheyseesomethingmovingtoonesideofthem.Whentheyturntolookstraightatit,theycannotseeitanymore,andtheybelievetheyweremistaken.However,thismistakehappensbecausethecenteroftheeye,whichisverysensitiveindaylight,isnotassensitiveasthesidesoftheeyeafterdark.1 .Wedon'tknowthatoureyesareo

29、fgreatimportanceuntil.D. we have to do much readingA.wethinkaboutoureyesB.wecannotseeclearlyC. wewearglasses2.Accordingtothepassage,aismorelikelytobenearsighted.A.tailorB.doctorC.guardD.painter3.Peoplewhoarefarsighted.A.cannotdoalotofcloseworkwithoutglassesB.canonlyseethingsthatareveryclosetotheirey

30、esC.havedifficultyreadingabookiftheyholditatarm'slengthD.havethesameproblemasthenearsightedpeople4.Toseeasmallthingatnight,itisbettertolook.A.withwideopeneyesB.withhalfshutornarrowedeyesC.straightatitD.inaslightlydifferentdirectionCTreesareusefultomaninthreeimportantways:theygivehimwoodandotheru

31、sefulthings,theygivehimcoolplaces,andtheyhelptostopdroughtandflood.Unluckily,inmanypartsoftheworld,manhasnotfoundthatthethirdofthesepointsisthemostimportant.Manwantstomakemoneyfromtrees,sohehascutthemdowninlargenumbers,onlytofindthatwithoutthemhehaslostthebestfriendshehad.Andalso,heisusuallytoocarel

32、esstoplantandlookafternewtrees.Sotheforestsslowlydisappear.Thisdoesnotonlymeanthatmanwillhavefewertrees.Theresultsareevenworse:forwheretherearetrees,theirrootsbreakupsoil-maketherainin-andalsobindthesoil,thusstoppingitfrombeingwashedawayeasily;butwheretherearenotrees,therainfallsonhardgroundandflows

33、away,causingfloodsandcarryingawaytherichtop-soil.Whenallthetop-soilisgone,nothingisleftbutuselessdesert.1 .Themostimportantpointsoftreestomanis.A.theyhelphimtomakemoneyB.theygivehimcoolC.theygivehimwoodandotherthingsD.theyhelphimtostopdroughtandfloods1.1 nmanyplacesforestsslowlydisappearbecause.A.ma

34、nytreeshavebeencutdownbymanB.newtreesarenotwelllookedafterC.manhasnotpaidenoughattentiontoplantingtreesD.alltheabove3.LandbecomesdesertafteralltreesarecutdownbecauseA.rootsoftreesbreakupthesoilB.therearetoomanyrainfallsC. strongwindsbringalotofsandD. therearenolongertreestokeeptherainandprotecttheto

35、p-soil.4.Whichtitlebestfitsthepassage?D.The Usage of Tree RootsA.TreesandManB.TheFunctionofTreeWoodC.HowdoPeopledowithTrees?英语完形填空练习Thesedayscomputergameshavebecomemoreandmorepopularinmanycitiesandtowns.Alotofsmallshopsalongbusy1havechangedintocomputergamehousesinordertogetmore_2.Theseplacesarealwayscrowdedwithpeople.Inthecomputergamehou