中考由真题看英语语法考点-定语从句

1、中考由真题看英语语法考点-定语从句【定语从句命题趋势与预测】根据对定语从句部分全国各省市中考试题的分析可知，今后该部分仍将是重点考查点之一。其考查重点为：1 .定语从句的功用和结构2 .关系代词和关系副词的功用3 .各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法【考点诠释】一、考查以that与which引导的定语从句1 .通常只能用that的情况1) 当先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,anything,nothing,everything等时。2)先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及被a11,any,every,each,few,little,no,some,the

2、only.thevery.thelast等修饰时。3)如果先行词既指人又指物，应用关系代词that。【考例】Withoutfriendship,onecan'tbehappyalthoughheisrichenough.Asforme,Iwillneverforgetthedays_Ispentwithmydearestfriend.哈尔滨市A.thatB.whenC.who答案A。解析在定语从句中，引导词who(指人)which(指物)that(指人或物)。由先行词thedays作spent的宾语可判定用that引导。2 .通常只用which的情况(1)引导非限定性定语从句，用关系代

3、词which指代前面整个句子的内容。(2)引导非限定性定语从句，而且先行词指物时只能用which,不用that。(3)如果句中有两个定语从句，如果两个从句都可以用that引导，那么其中一个应改用which引导。【考例】Manyyoungpeoplelovethesongshavegreatlyrics.成都市A.whoB.thoseC.which答案C。解析考查定语从句。定语从句的引导词有which,who,where,that,故排除B,who指人，又排除了A,先行词是物，故选Co二、考查以who,whom与whose引导的定语从句(1)如果先行词是指人的不定代词anyone,anybody

4、,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,nobody,one,ones,those,all(指人)等作先行词，作主语用who,作宾语用whom。who而不用which。(2)在非限制性定语从句中，指人作主语用who,作宾语用whom,who。在定语从句中，作定语的关系代词只能用whose,它相当于the+名词+of+which/whom;非限制性定语从句中还有“代词/数词+of+which/whom"结构。【考例Themangaveusatalkonscienceyesterdayisafamousscientist.广东省A.whoB.whoseC

5、.whichD.whom答案A。解析本题考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词为theman,指人，排除which;连接代词在从句中作主语，排除whose和whom。故本题选who。-Doyouknowtheman_isrunningalongthestreet?-Yes.HeisourEnglishteacher.长沙市A.whoB.whichC.whom答案A。解析考查定语从句。限制性定语从句，如果修饰人，一般用关系who,有时用that(作主语时用who较多)。三、考查关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句它们相当于“介词+which",其中where=in/at+whic

6、h;when=at/in/during+which;why=for+which。(1)关系副词where引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示地点的名词。(2)关系副词when引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。（3）关系副词why引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示原因的名词。【考例】（2009名帛阳中考）DisneyisanamusementparkyoucanfindallthenormalattractionsandDisneymoviesandcharacters.A.whichB.w

7、hereC.thatD.when答案：B点拨：此题考查定语从句。先行词为anamusementpark指地点，故关系词用where。五、对“介词+关系代词”的考查当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。先行词指物，用“介词+which”，指人则用“介词+whom”,且两个关系代词均不能省略。介词的选择要遵循两个原则：根据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配内容而定；根据先行词的特殊用法而定。【考例】Doyouknowtheyoungladyyourmotheristalking?（湖北黄石）A.whoB.whomC.withwh

8、omD.which答案:C命题立意:本题考查“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的用法。试题解析:先行词为theyounglady,被关系代词whom代替在从句中作talkwith的宾语，介词with可以放在关系代词之前，故应选Co【语法回顾】在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词叫做关系代词（that,which,who,whom,whose）或关系副词（when,where）,关系代词和关系副词放在先行词与定语从句之间，起联系的作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。关系代词、副词作用先行词例句that,who,who

9、m（只做宾语）土语、兵语、表语人Doyouknowthegirlwho/thatisstandingunderatree?你知道站在树下白女孩是谁吗？that,which主语、宾语、表语时地原协咏尔因Shegotacomputerwhich/thatherparentsboughtforher.她有一台她的父母买给她的电脑。whose定语人物Theboywhosefatherisadoctorstudiesveryhard.他的爸爸是医生的男孩学习非常刻苦。Theclassroomwhosewindowisopenismine.窗户开着的那个教室是我的教室。when状语时间Istillreme

10、mberthedaywhenyouleaveforBeijing.我仍然记得你去北京的那一天。where状语地点Thisistheschoolwheremymotherworks.这就是我妈妈工作的学校。why状语原因Couldyouexplainthereasonwhyyouwerelate?你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗？二、关系代词在定语从句中的用法（关系代词作宾语时可省略）：1. that指人或物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。Thisisthepenthatyouarelookingfor.这是你要找的那支钢笔。（宾语）Thegirlthathaslonghairismysister.留着

11、长发的那个女孩是我妹妹。（主语）2. which指物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。ThebikewhichismadeinTianjinsellswell.天津产的自行车销售很好。（主语）Thefishwhichweboughtwerenotfresh.我们买的鱼不新鲜。（宾语）3. who,whom指人，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.打碎窗户的男孩叫Tom.（主语）Thepersontowhomheistalkingismyfather.正在和他谈话的那个人是我父亲。（宾语）4. whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语。Th

12、egirlwhosebagisnewiscalledAnn.新书包的那个女孩叫Ann。（指人）Helivesinahousewhosewidowsopentothesouth.他住在窗户朝南的那所房子。（指物）三、只用which不用that的情况：1 .在介词后只用which,不能用that。Thisisthebankinwhichtherobberyhappened.这是那所发生抢劫案的银行。2 .先行词本身是that时，只能用which,不能用that。Theclockisthatwhichtellsthetime.钟表是用来报时的。四、只用that不用which的情况：1 .先行词被形容

13、词最高级修饰时只能用that。ThisisthemostbeautifulmountainthatIhaveseen.这是我所见过的最美丽的山。2 .先行词被序数词修饰时只能用that。ThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasThirty-nineSteps.我读的第一本英文小说是39级台阶。3 .先行词前有all,any,no,little,much,many,theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰词时只能用that。Hereare辿thebooksthatIhave.这就是我所有的书。ThisistheonlybookthatIlike.这是我唯一喜欢

14、的一本书。4 .先行词是everything,something,anything,all,none,much,little,many,few等不定代词时，只能用that。Finally,thethiefhandedineverythingthathehadstolen.最后小偷交出了他所偷的东西。5 .先行词同时含有“人”和“物”的名词时，只能用that。IcanrememberthepeopleandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.我能记得我在房间里看至U的人和些图画。6 .先行词是theone时，只能用that。Thisistheonethatyouwant.

15、这就是你想要的。7 .在以who引导的疑问句后，为了避免重复，只能用that。Whoisthegirlthatisstandingthere?站在那边的那个女孩是谁？五、在介词后只能用whom,不能用who。ThegirltowhomItalkedjustnowisfromAmerica.我刚刚与之谈话的那个女孩是来自美国的。六、定语从句中主谓一致的问题：当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词要与先行词的人称和数保持一致（我们要知道，关系代词所代指的就是先行词，这里有一个等量关系）。Tomisoneoftheboyswho_arefromtheUSA.Tom是众多来自美国的男孩中

16、的一个。Tomistheonlyboythatis.fromtheUSA.Tom是惟一从美国来的男孩。七、定语从句中的介词与副词的问题：当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，如果定语从句中的谓语动词是不及物动词时，要加介词或副词。（定语从句中的不及物动词加介词或副词构成固定的及物动词短语后，不能把介词或副词提前到关系代词前。）Heistheoldmanwho/whomwelookedafterlastyear.他是我们去年照顾的那个老人。ThatisthebookwhichIamlookingfor一那就是我要找的书。八、关系副词when与where的使用：1. when指时间:Iwillnever

17、forgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.我将永远不会忘记我们在农场劳动的那段时光。2. where指地点（where=in等介词+which）:Thisisthehousewhere（=inwhich）helivedlastyear.这是他去年住的房子。九、定语从句与作定语的动词不定式、介词短语、现在分词短语、过去分词短语的转换:Shehasmuchworkthatshemustdo.=Shehasmuchworktodo.她有许多要做的工作。ThemaninthecarisMr.Green.=ThemanwhoisinthecaNsMr.Green.在车上的人是

18、格林先生。Thegirlwateringflowersthereismysister尸Thegirlwhoiswateringflowersthereismysister.在浇花的女孩是我妹妹。Theboysavedintheriverhascomebacktolife.=Theboywhowassavedintheriverhascomebacktolife.从河里救起的男孩苏醒过来了。【语法过关】1. -Doyoulikethepopsinger?-No,Ipreferthesingercansingfolkmusic.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.how2. Themanis

19、wearingabluejacketisJim'suncle.A.whoB.whomC.whichD./3. Doyouknowtheyoungladyyourmotheristalking?A.whoB.whomC.withwhomD.which4. -Doestheteacherknoweverybodyplantedthetrees?-Yes,hedoes.A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.who5. TheletterIreceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.that6. -Wherei

20、sthescientistgaveusthetalkyesterday?-HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.whichD.whoD.whoD.whichD.thatwho引导。故用who引导。7. Ihatepeopletalkmuchbutdolittle.A.whoseB.whomC.which8. I'mlookingatthephotographyousentmewithyourletter.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.it9. Ihatepeopledon'thelpherswhent

21、heyareintrouble.A.whoB.whichC.they10. -Barbara,wheredoyouwork?-Iworkforacompanysellscars.A.whichB.whereC.what11. Doyouknowtheyoungladyyourmotheristalking?A.whoB.whomC.withwhom12. TheletterIreceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.A.whoB.whereC.what1. B解析考查学生对定语从句中引导词的掌握。定语从句中先行词是人时用2. A.解析考查学生对定语从句。先

22、行词是人且引导词在从句中作主语,3. C.解析本题考查介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的用法。先行，司为theyounglady,被关系代词whom代替在从句中作talkwith的宾语，介词with可以放在关系代词之前，故应选C。4. D.解析本题考查引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。5. D.解析本题考查定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是物，而关系代词在定语从句中作宾语,所以只有that合适。6. B.解析本题考查引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。7. D.解析本题

23、考查引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。8. C.解析本题考查定语从句的用法。句中的先行词是thephotograph,同时在定语从句中作宾语，故关系代词应用which。其答案为：Co9. A.解析本题考查定语从句的用法。句中的先行词是people,同时在定语从句中作主语，故关系代词应用who。其答案为：A。10. A.解析作定语从句的引导词，which可修饰物，who指代人，that指人或物。定语从句修饰company,选用which。11。答案C解析：先行词为theyounglady,被关系代词whom代替在从句中作talkwi

24、th的宾语，介词with可以放在关系代词之前，故应选Co12.答案D解析：因为先行词是物，而关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，所以只有that合适。一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷I .阅读理解Oldagemaynotsoundexciting.Butrecentfindingsoffergoodnewsforolderpeopleandforpeopleworriedaboutgettingolder.Researchersfoundthatpeoplebecomehappierandexperiencelessworryaftertheyreachtheageof50.Infact,theysayb

25、ytheageof85,peoplearehappierwiththeirlifethantheywerewhentheywere18yearsold.Thefindingscamefromasurveyofmorethan340,000adultsintheUnitedStates.TheGallupOrganizationquestionedthembytelephone.Atthattime,thepeoplewerebetweentheagesof18and85.Theresearchersaskedquestionsaboutemotions,likehappiness,sadnes

26、sandworry.Theyalsoaskedaboutmental（气质）oremotionalstress.ArthurStoneintheDepartmentofPsychiatryandBehavioralScienceatStonyBrookUniversityinNewYorkledthestudy.Histeamfoundthatlevelsofstresswerehighestamongadultsbetweentheagesof24and25.Thefindingsshowedthatstresslevelsdroppedsharplyafterpeoplereachedth

27、eirfifties.Thestudyalsoshowedthatmenandwomenhavesimilarfeelingpatternsastheygrowolder.However,womenatallagesreportedmoresadness,stressandworrythanmen.Researcherssaytheydonotknowwhyhappinessincreasesaspeoplegetolder.Onetheoryisthat,aspeoplegrowolder,theygrowmorethankfulforwhattheyhaveandhavebettercon

28、troloftheirfeelings.Sotheyspendlesstimethinkingaboutbadexperiences.ProfessorStonesaystheemotionalpatternscouldbeconnectedwithchangesinhowpeopleseetheworld,ormaybeevenchangesinbrainchemistry.Theresearchersalsoconsideredpossibleinfluenceslikehavingyoungchildren,beingunemployed（被解雇）orbeingsingle.Butthe

29、yfoundthatinfluenceslikethesedidnotaffect(影响)thelevelsofhappiness.II )Whowouldprobablyshowthegreatestinterestinthepassage?A. Thosewhoareworriedaboutgettingold.B. Thosewhoaresingleandunemployed.C. Thosewhofeelunhappyallthetime.D. Thosewhosufferfrommentalstress.(2) Whenmaypeoplehavethehighestlevelofst

30、ress?A.Attheageof20.B.Attheageof25.C.Attheageof35.D.Attheageof40.(3) AccordingtoArthurStone'sidea,oldpeoplemay.A.controltheirbehaviorsbetterB. knowhowtospendmoneywiselyC. dreamaboutgoodthingseverydayD. haveapositiveattitudetowardstheirlife(4) Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A. TheYounger,t

31、heHappierB. TheYoungAreHappierthantheOldC. GettingOlderMeansGettingHappierD. WomenAreEasiertoBeHappyinLife【答案】(1)AB(3) D(4) C【解析】【分析】文章大意：重点介绍的是老年人的幸福感问题，作者通过一个调查研究告诉我们随着年龄的增长，人们的幸福感会越来越强。(1)细节理解题。根据文中的语句Butrecentfindingsoffergoodnewsforolderpeopleandforpeopleworriedaboutgettingolder.理解可知，对于老年人来说，或是

32、担心年龄增长的人来说是个好消息，所以他们会感兴趣，故选Ao(2)细节理解题。根据文中第三段Histeamfoundthatlevelsofstresswerehighestamongadultsbetweentheagesof24and25.描述可知，24与25的年轻人的压力最大，故选B。(3)细节理解题。根据文中语句aspeoplegrowolder,theygrowmorethankfulforwhattheyhaveandhavebettercontroloftheirfeelings.Sotheyspendlesstimethinkingaboutbadexperiences.可知，随

33、着年龄的增长，人们的幸福感越来越强，对生活的态度越来越积极。故选Do(4)标题理解归纳题。通读全文可知，这篇短文的中心就是越老生活越满足，幸福指数越高，变老意味着变得更幸福。故选Co【点评】本文浅显易懂，层次分明，很容易把握文章中心内容。答题中注意带着问题阅读短文，一般就能顺利找出答题依据。对于不能直接找到根据的问题注意联系上下文，根据短文中心总结出正确答案。2.阅读理解KathycouldstillrememberthenightshehadtoleaveherhomeinHungary.ItwasthebeginningofWorldWarIIandherfamilyhadtoleavet

34、heircountryassoonaspossible.Shequicklyfilledabagwithafewpiecesofclothing,herdiary,andhertreasureabeautifulsilkscarf.Kathyandherbestfriend,Monica,hadaskedtheirparentstobuythemmatchingscarves.Theyeachwouldwearthescarvesasasymboloftheirfriendship.KathyhadnoideathatshewasgoingtoAmericathatnightandwouldn

35、otbereturning.Kathykeptthatspecialsilkscarfformanyyears.Onedayshedecidedtogiveittohergranddaughter,Eliza,toweartoherfirstjobinterviewforgoodluck.KathywasafraidthatElizawouldlosethescarf,butthegranddaughterpromised,"Don'tworry,Grandma,nothing'sgoingtohappentoyourscarf.You'llsee.Itisg

36、oingtobringbothofuslucktoday,"Andwiththat,Elizakissedhergrandmotherandleftfortheinterview.ThatafternoonElizalefttheinterview,feelingsurethatshehadgotthejob.Soshedecidedtocelebratebygoingtoarestaurant.Asshewassittingathertable,shefeltsomeonelookingather.Sittingnexttoherwasanoldwoman,whocouldnott

37、akehereyesawayfromher"I'msorry,doIknowyou?"Elizaasked."I'msorry,dear,butyoumakemethinkofsomeoneIonceknew,"theoldwomanreplied."Mybestfriendlookedlikeyouandusedtowearascarfjustliketheoneyou'rewearingaroundyourneck."Elizalistenedcarefully,withhereyesandmouthwid

38、eopen.Shehadheardstoriesofhergrandmother'sbestfriendandknewthemeaningofthescarf.CouldthisbeMonica,hergrandmotherschildhoodfriend?Elizaintroducedherselfandwaitedtohearthenameoftheotherwoman."Myname'sMonica,dear,IlivedinHungaryasachild,butmyfamilyhadtoleavewhenIwasfourteenyearsold.I'v

39、ebeenlivinghereinCaliforniaeversince,"saidtheoldwoman.ELizacouldnotbelieveherears(1) Kathyandherfamilylefttheircountrybecause.A.KathyfoundajobintheUSAB.KathywouldstudyinCaliforniaC.theyhadnofriendsinEuropeD.theywantedtogetawayfromthewar(2) FromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph6,wecaninferthatEli

40、zafelt.A.surprisedB.thankfulC.sorryD.nervous(3) WhatwouldElizamostprobablydoafterthedinner?A.ShegavethesilkscarftoMonica.B.Shewentforanotherjobinterview.C.SheshowedMonicaaroundCalifornia.D.ShetookMonicatomeethergrandmother.B.AScarfofLuck(4) 4)Thebesttitleforthispassagecanbe.A.AGiftfromParentsC.ASucc

41、essfulInterviewD.AStoryintheWar【答案】(1)DA(3) D(4) B【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了一对分别多年的老朋友在一个偶然的情况下凭借一条丝巾重逢的故事。(1)细节理解题。根据第一段中ItwasthebeginningofWorldWarIIandherfamilyhadtoleavetheircountryassoonaspossible.可知，那是第二次世界大战的开始，她的家人不得不尽快离开他们的国家。故选D。(2)推理判断题。由划线句Elizalistenedcarefully,withhereyesandmouthwideopen.可知，

42、Eliza认真地听着，张大了眼睛与嘴巴。因此Eliza此时的心情是感到惊讶(surprised)的。故选A。(3)推理判断题。由全文可知，Eliza遇见的Monica就是祖母Kathy小时候最好的朋友，而祖母已经很多年没有见到Monica,但至今仍保存着象征她们友谊的围巾。说明Kathy十分希望能再见到Monica。因此Eliza会把Monica带回家见祖母。故选D。(4)主旨大意题。由第三段倒数第二句Itisgoingtobringbothofuslucktoday可知，今天它(围巾)会给我们”俩都带来好运。又由下文可知，Eliza戴上围巾后，不仅面试十分顺利而且还遇见了祖母Kathy多年未

43、见的好友Monica,而Monica也一直注意着这条象征她和Kathy友谊的围巾。故选B。【点评】本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3.根据短文内容，判断句子正误。DearDr.Manners,Myclosefriendseldomsays"please".Shewillsay"Canyougetmethatbag?"or"Moveitoverthere!"Ihavetoldheralotoftimesthati

44、tispolitetouse"please"and"thankyou",butshehardlyremembers.Ifeelthatsheisorderingmearoundwithout"please",andIalwaysgetangry.Wehavebeenclosefriendsforover10years.ItseemsthatIcan'tstanditanymore.WhatshouldIdo?Canyouhelpme?Sincerely,HawkinsDearMsHawkins,Whenyourfrienddo

45、csnotusepolitewords,itseemsthatsheisorderingyoutodosomething.Soyouhaveright（权利）tohateherbehavior.Askherwhyshedoesn'tuse"please"or"thankyou".Explaintoherthatitmakesyoufeeluncomfortable.Also,youdon'tneedtodoanythingforherbecauseshedoesn'tseemkindorpleasantwhensheasksyou

46、to.Maybeyourfriendwasnottaughthowtouse"please"or"thankyou"inthenormalconversation.Soyoucantrytoteachherthat.Rememberitisdifficulttofindanotherclosefriendifyouloseone.Bestregards,Dr.Manners(1) MsHawkinsdoesn'tknowhowtouse"please"or"thankyou".(2) MsHawkinsgo

47、ttoknowherfriendmorethantenyearsago.(3) Dr.MannersthinksMsHawkinshasrighttohateherfriend'sbehavior.(4) MaybeMsHawkins'frienddoesn'tknowtherightwayoftalkinginthenormalconversation.(5) Dr.MannersadvisesMsHawkinstobreakup(绝交)withherfriend.【答案】(1)01(3) 1(4) 1(5) 0【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述了霍金斯女士对医生讲了

48、她对于朋友的一些不礼貌行为的烦恼，并请求帮助。(1)根据第一封信的内容中的"Myclosefriendseldomsays以及pleOseaVetoIdheralotoftimesthatitispolitetouse'please'and'thankyou',butshe币ardlyMmemawksns的朋友不知道如何使用“pleas丽”"thankyou而不是Ms.Hawkins,故选错误。(2)根据第一封信的内容中的"Wehavebeenclosefriendsforover10years可知。十多年前，霍金斯认识了她的朋友。

49、故选正确。(3)根据第二封信的内容中的“itseemsthatsheorderingyoutodosomething.Soyouhaveright(权禾1)tohateherbehavior.可知礼仪博士认为霍金斯女士有权讨厌她朋友的行为。故选正确。(4)根据第二封信的内容中的"Yourfriendwasprobablynevertaughthowtouse'please'or'thanormalconversation.可知也许霍金斯女士的朋友在正常的谈话中不知道正确的说话方式。故选正确。(5)根据第二封信的内容中的"Rememberitisdif

50、ficulttofindanotherclosefriendifyouloseone.可知Dr.Manners并没有建议Ms.Hawkins和她的朋友绝交。故选错误。【点评】考查理解判断题。审读题目，找出相关的依据。读懂短文内容再读题目，把握每一个待判定句子的含义，通过寻读法在原文中找出每一个问题相关的段落与词句，然后依据短文内容对试题所给出的句子进行是非判断。4 .阅读理解Calabashbrothers（葫芦娃兄弟）liveintheCalabashMountainwiththeirgrandfather.Theyareallverybrave.Theyweardifferentcloth

51、es.Theredcalabashistheothersixbrothers'elderbrother.Heispowerful.Hisbodycanbebiggerorsmaller.Buthedoesn'thavehisownideas.Theorangecalabashhasenhancedhearingandsight.Hecanseeandhearfarplacesclearly.Theyellowcalabash'sbodyisverystrong.Nothingcaninjure（伤害）him,butheisarrogant（傲慢的）.Thegreenca

52、labashisthegodoffire.Hecaneatfireandmakefire.Thecyan（青色的）calabashcandrinkwaterandmakeflood.Thebluecalabashisthecleverestofall.Nobodycanfindhimwhenhemakeshimselfinvisible.Andthepurplecalabashhasamagicgourd（葫芦）.Thegourdcanabsorb（吸收）everything.Onedayapangolin（穿山甲）brokethecaveandtwomonsterscameout.Theyw

53、ereMonsterScorpion（蝎子精）andMonsterSnake.Thecalabashbrothersmustfightwiththemandsavetheworld.Unluckily,theirgrandfatherwhohelpedthembeatthemonster,waskilledbythemonstersfinally.（1） Howmanycalabashbrothersarethere?A.Five.B.Six.C.Seven.D.Eight.（2） Whatdoestheredcalabashlooklike?A.Heispowerful.B.Hehasenh

54、ancedeyes.C.Hehastwobigeyes.D.Hehasahardhead.（3） Ifthereisafire,youmayfindthe.A.redcalabashB.orangecalabashC.greencalabashD.cyancalabash（4） Whatdoestheunderlinedword"invisible"meaninChinese?A.微不足道的Bf不见的C暴露的D赤裸的【答案】（1）CA（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了七个葫芦娃的故事，分别介绍了他们的颜色与特长。（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句Theredc

55、alabashistheothersixbrothers'elderbrother.提示可知葫芦兄弟一共七个，故选C。（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句Theredcalabashistheothersixbrothers'elderbrother.Heispowerful.HisA。bodycanbebiggerorsmaller.提示可知，红葫芦娃他很强悍，故选（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句Thegreencalabashisthegodoffire.Hecaneatfireandmakefire.提示可知，青葫芦娃会造火，故选Co（4）词义理解推断题。根据文中语句Nobody

56、canfindhimwhenhemakeshimselfinvisible.提示可知，invisible表示看不见，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题与词义推断题。细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；词义题需要通读上下文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。5 .阅读理解EsperanzalivesinapoorLatino（拉丁美洲的）neighbourhoodinChicago,America.Shedreamsofhavingherownhouseoneday.Herparentstoldherthatwhentheymovedfromtheirlasthouse,theywouldh

57、aveanewandshiny（亮闪闪的）house.Butthehouseissmallandold.ManypeopleliveinMangoStreet,inabigoldhouse,Esperanzalivesbehinditwithherfamily.AlotofthepeoplewhohavecomefromMexicodon'tspeakEnglish.Manymisstheirhomecountry.Esperanzaunderstandstheirsadness,butshealsofeelsathomeinAmerica.SheisanAmerican,butherroots（根）willalwaysbeLatino.Esperanzaisyoung.Likeherfriends,shehastogrowupfast.Sheisstuckbetweenbeingagirlandbeingawoman.Inthepooranddangerousareawhereshelives,thisisdifficultforher.Mexicanpeopleusuallyliveinacloseneighbourhood.T