必修第三单元语法名词性从句课件

1、名词性从句：一个句子充当主语，宾语，表语，同位语名词性从句主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句 1.When we will start is not clear.2. I wonder whether/if he is fit for the job.3. The problem is who will be equal to the task.4. I had no idea that you were her friend.主语主语宾语宾语表语表语同位语同位语Find out the clause, and tell what kind of clause it is :名词性从句在

2、功能上相当于名词名词性从句在功能上相当于名词His job is important.What he does is important.主主语语 This is his job.This is what he does every day.表表语语I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.宾宾语语I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.同同位位语语 连接连接代词代词who, whom, whose

3、, which, what, 连接连接副词副词how, why, when, where连接连接词词that, whether, if (只能引导宾语从句只能引导宾语从句)引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词连接代词和连接副词连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当成分。含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当成分。 （不充当从句的任何成分）（不充当从句的任何成分）who / whom / whose / which / what(连接代词）连接代词） when / where / why / how （连接副词）（连接副词）I dont

4、doubt (that ) you will succeed.I dont know whether/if he will come tonight.I doubt if /whether you will keep your promise.连接词连接词 conj.that /if /whetherquestion wordthat; whether, if （是否）：（是否）：在名词性从句中只在名词性从句中只起连接作用，起连接作用，在句中不担任成分在句中不担任成分,被称为连接词被称为连接词连接代词和副词的使用连接代词和副词的使用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,

5、 正确的选择正确的选择who、 which、 when、where 、 why、 how 等连接词，这等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _broke the glass yesterday.Whenwho我不知道他长的什么样子。我不知道他长的什么样子。 I

6、have no idea _ he looks like.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.whatwhere找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 1. Can you tell me how many students are there in your class? 2. I dont know where has he gone. 3. The owner of the shop came to see what the matter was. Can you tell me how

7、 many students there are in your class?I dont know where he has gone.The owner of the shop came to see what was the matter.规律一：名词性从句中须使用陈述语序！规律一：名词性从句中须使用陈述语序！找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：4. We suggested that we would go to the cinema.5. His recommendation that we went there on foot is accept

8、able. We suggested that we (should) go to the cinema.His recommendation that we (should) go there on foot.规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！一个一个坚持坚持： insist 两个命令：两个命令： order command三个建议：三个建议：suggest advise recommend （propose）四四个要求：个要求： require，request，demand， desire 宾语从句中的虚拟宾语从句中的虚拟名词名词demand, suggestion,

9、 proposal, advice 等词后的同位语等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气从句的语气要用虚拟语气, 结构为结构为 should + do, should 可省略可省略 He gave me a suggestion that I ( should )be calm now.找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：7. If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.8. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it.9. He ask

10、ed me if I could go with him or not. Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.It depends on whether the weather is .He asked me whether I could go with him or not. 规律三：规律三：4 4种情况只能用种情况只能用whetherwhether，不能用，不能用if if ： （1 1）除宾语从句之外的名词性从句）除宾语从句之外的名词性从句 （2 2）前面有介词；）前面有介词； （3 3）与）与or notor n

11、ot连用。连用。 (4) (4) 在动词不定式之前在动词不定式之前 10 . I dont know if to do it . whetherFill in the blanks using whether/if 1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _

12、or not he is well.6. The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont know _ to go.9. I didnt know _to laugh or to cry.10. _ you are not free tomorrow , Ill go without you.if / whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhe

13、therwhetherIf如果，只用如果，只用 if 找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：11I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.12. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting.itIt规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助下可以借助 “ “it” it” 而后置。而后置。1 用用it作形式主语，作形式主语，主语从

14、句主语从句放在句末。放在句末。e.g. It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not.2用用it作形式宾语作形式宾语,真正的真正的宾语从句宾语从句放在句末放在句末I found it quite a surprise that everybody in that city has a car.补充：补充：think / suppose/ consider/believe/find /feel/make +it +宾补宾补+that 找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：13 I saw he is

15、talking with her mother. 14. The teacher told his class that light traveled faster than sound. He believes_ _ .wastravels规律规律5 :宾语从句中宾语从句中1.当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态。从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态。2.当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态。谓语动词要用相应的过去时态。3当宾语从句叙述的内

16、容为客观真理时，仍用一当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍用一般现在时。般现在时。 his dream will come true some day找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：15 No matter who breaks the law should be punished. Whoever规律规律6 whatever, whoever, whichever除用于引导的除用于引导的名词性从句外，还可用于引导让步状语从句，名词性从句外，还可用于引导让步状语从句，可以用可以用 no matter what, no matter who, no mat

17、ter which替换。替换。引导词引导词that 的省略的省略that 可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的的that可省略可省略that不可省略的情况：不可省略的情况： a. 主语从句主语从句 b. 表语从句表语从句 c. 同位语从句同位语从句d. 用用it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句e. 并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的 引导词引导词that 不能省略不能省略名词性从句和定语从句区别 从句充当的成分不同 1 I dont know when he will leave. 2 I dont know the time when

18、he will leave. 3 That is whom I want to see. 4 That is the girl whom I want to see.定定名名 修饰的名词不同修饰的名词不同定语从句的先行词可以是各类名词，而可定语从句的先行词可以是各类名词，而可同位语从句的名词是抽象名词同位语从句的名词是抽象名词常用名词有常用名词有:belief, fact, idea, view, question, hope, news, doubt, thought, information, opinion，suggestion, order ，demand ，wish，possibil

19、ity, message 等定语从句中定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。 同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一 步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具 体内容。引导同位语从句的体内容。引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分在同位语从句中不做任何成分, 只只 起连接作用起连接作用, 无具体含义无具体含义, 且不可省且不可省 略。略。1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.2. We expressed the hope that we would come