what从句及其练习

1、一、what用作关系代词，也即连接代词，引导名词性从句，可以作主语、宾语、定语1. 引导主语从句例1Whatmadetheschoolproudwasthatmorethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.使学校骄傲的是90%的学生被重点大学录取。例2Whatmakesthematterworseisthatitbeginstorain.更糟糕的是开始下起雨来了。2. 引导表语从句例3-Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday'sgame?-Oh,that'swhatmakesmefee

2、lexcited.例4Thecityisnotwhatitusedtobe.这个城市不再是先前的模样了。3. 引导宾语从句例5Aman'sworthlaysnotsomuchinwhathehasasinwhatheis.人的价值不在于他有什么，而在于他是怎样的人。例6Afterwhatseemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.好像过了几个小时以后，他面带苦笑走了出来。二、what用作关系形容词，作定语。意为“所的全部，任何的”；与little、few连用时，其含义多为“虽然少，但把所有的都”例7Thehomeimprovementshaveta

3、kenwhatlittlethereisofmysparetime.家庭环境的改善占去了我仅有的一点业余时间。别担心，我一定尽例8Don'tworry.IwillgiveyouwhathelpIcan.我所能帮你。我愿把我用例9IwilllendyouwhatfewreferencebooksIcanspare.不着的虽然为数不多的参考书全部借给你。三、what惯用句式：AistoBwhatCistoD（比喻结构）A对B之关系犹如C对D之关系例10Airistouswhatwateristofish.空气对于我们犹如水对于鱼。例11Whatsaltistothefood,witandh

4、umouraretoconversationandliterature.隽语与幽默之于会话与文学，恰象盐之于食物一样。四、what引导插入语，意为“还有的是，加之”例12Heishandsome,andwhatismore,veryrich.他长得很英俊，而且还很富有。例13Heis,whatiscalled,alivingdictionary.他就是所谓的活词典。五、what的强调形式whatever（anythingthat）例14Whatevershedoesisridiculous.她的所作所为都是谎谬的。例15Takewhatevermagazinesyouwanttoread.任何

5、你想读的杂志都可以取阅。六、有关what的某些习语1. Whatabout？（表建议或征求对方意见）怎么样？例16Whataboutgoingtothemovies?2. Whatfor?（=why）（口语）为何，为什么？例17-Susan,willyoupleasegoandemptythatdrawer?-Whatfor?3. Sowhat?（表示不感兴趣或认为不重要）那又怎么样？（口语）whatif?/whatthough（表示建议或疑虑等）倘使将会怎么样；即使又怎么样？例18-WhatifImovethepictureoverhere?-Isupposeitwilllookbetter

6、.Whatwithand（whatwith）.部分因为，部分因为（后面通常接不好的事情）。例19Whatwithoverworkandwhatwithhunger,hebecamesickatlast.一半由于工作过度，一半由于饥饿，他终于病倒了。【局考链接】Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetatIthoughtwasadangerousspeed.（2004上海春季）A. asB.whichC.whatD.thatItisprettywellunderstoodcontrolstheflowofcarbondioxideinandout

7、theatmospheretoday.（2003上海）A. thatB.whenC.whatD.how1. -Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday'sgame?-Oh,that's.（NMET200北京春季）A. whatmakesmefeelexcitedB. whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC. howIfeelaboutitD. whenIfeelexcitedmadetheschoolproudwasmorethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.（2003

8、上海春季）A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;becausePerseveranceisakindofquality-andthat'sittakestodoanythingwell.（2002上海）A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why2. -Ithinkit'sgoingtobeabigproblem.-Yes,itcouldbe.-Iwonderwecandoaboutit.（2002北京春季）A.IfB.howC.whatD.thatWhenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,p

9、leaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlyhewants.（2002上海春季）A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that3. Acomputercanonlydoyouhaveinstructedittodo.（NMET2001A.howB.afterC.whatD.whenLittleTommywasreluctanttotelltheschoolmasterhehaddonethedaybefore.（2001上海春季）A.thatB.howC.whereD.whatshecouldn'tunderstandw

10、asfewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.（2000上海）A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;that【巩固练习】1. Thehurricanedestroyedwasinthevillage.A.allB.whatC.thatD.allwhat2. Thesepictureswillshowyou.A. whatourhometownlookslikeB. whatdoesourhometownlookslikeC. howourhometownlookslikeD. howdoesour

11、hometownlookslikeAman'sworthlaysnotsomuchinhehasasinheis.A.that;whatB.what;whatC.that;thatD.what;that3. Ourcityisnolongeritusedtobe.A.whichB.thatC.asD.what4. wecan'tgetseemsbetterthanwehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what5. Pleaseletmeknowyouwantme.A.whether;todoB.what;doingC.th

12、at;doneD.what;todo6. Itiscommonlybelievedunwisetogiveachildheorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever7. -Susan,willyoupleasegoandemptythatdrawer?-?A.WhatforB.WhatisitC.HowisitD.Howcome8. -Let'shurry,orwewillbelate.-?Doyoureallywanttolistentothatboringlecture?A.WhatforB.SowhatC.WhynotD

13、.Why9. -youdid?-No,asamatteroffact,Ididn'tneedto.A.IsthatwhatB.IswhatthatC.WhatisthatD.Isthatwhich【答案与解析】what引【局考链接】Cat后接宾语从句。当宾语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语时，要用导，此句中what作宾语从句的主语Cwhat在此作连接代词，引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。that弓I导主语从句时，只起引导作用，不作任何成分；when和how分别表示时间和方式，在主语从句中作状语。1. Awhat引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。2. B解释同第2题。3. Awhat在表语从句中

14、作takes的宾语，构成Ittakessth.todosth.'的句型。4. Cwhat在此作连接代词，引导宾语从句，并作从句中do的宾语。A这是宾语从句。what作want的宾语。Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlywhathewants.是一句谚语，意思是“永远给予某人他确实想要的东西。”5. C解释同第6题。6. D解释同第6题。7. A主语从句shecouldn'tunderstand缺少宾语，要用what引导表语从句。fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.是一个完整的句子，根据句意要用why来引

15、导。【巩固练习】Bwhat在此作连接代词，引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语;what在此处亦可换为allthat。1. Awhat在此作连接代词，引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语。宾语从句须用陈述句语序。2. B此处的两个what都是连接代词，第一个what在从句中作宾语，第二个what在从句中作表语。3. Dwhat在此作连接代词，引导表语从句，并在从句中作表语A第一个what引导的主语从句作主句的宾语；第二个what引导的主语从句作比较状语从句的宾语；两个what均在各自引导的从句中作宾语。4. Dwhat在此作连接代词，引导宾语从句，并在从句中作todo的宾语。7.Bwhatever引导宾语

16、从句，作不定式togive的宾语。8.Awhatfor“为什么”询问对方为什么要把抽屉腾出来。Whatisit"这是什么”，Howisit“这是什么样的”根据句意，正确答案选9.Bsowhat“那又怎么样？”口语中常用。10.Awhat在此作连接代词，引导表语从句，并在从句中作宾语一、用法归纳1.表示“的东西或事情”他们已经尽力帮助了她。They'vedonewhattheycantohelpher.Hesaveswhatheearns.他赚多少，积蓄多少。玛丽的职务是秘书。WhatMaryisisthesecretary.2.表示“的人或的样子”Heisnolongerwh

17、athewas.他已经不是以前的那个样子。Heiswhatisgenerallycalledatraitor.他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。WhoisitthathasmadeFredwhatheisnow?是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的?3.表示“的数量或数目”Ourincomeisnowdoublewhatitwastenyearsago.我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolistentimeswhatitwasbeforeliberation.现在我校学生的数量是解放前的10倍。4. 表示“的时间”:Afterwhatseeme

18、dlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.彳以乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。Theyounggirlwastoofrightenedtospeak,standingthereforwhatseemedlikehours.小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了几个小时。5. 表示“的地方”：ThisiswhattheycallSaltLakeCity.这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。In1492,ColumbusreachedwhatisnowcalledAmerica.1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。二、用法说明(1) 这样用的what相当于“先行词+关系代词”，所以其