新世纪大学英语系列教材 综合教程2

1、Unit1 Text A New words and Expressions1. notion: n. an idea, belief or conceptOur management system is based on the notions of personal equality and liberty. 我们的管理体系是基于人的平等观念和自由观念而建立的。She has no notion of the difficulty of this problem.CF: idea, concept & notion这些名词均有“思想”，“观点”，“观念”之意。idea最为普通，几乎

2、适用于任何方面的思维活动。 concept 指从众多实例中通过概括、归纳而形成的对事物本质、全貌及其内部联系的比较系统的概念或看法。notion指的是一种模糊的、变化莫测的想法，无可靠的基础，是未经深思熟虑的、甚至让人觉得荒谬的观点。1. She seemed unfamiliar with the concept that everyone should have an equal opportunity. 2. I have no idea/notion how she managed to do this. 3. I had a silly notion that he would co

3、me back and beg me for forgiveness. 4. Dont get any ideas about revenge. 2. criterion: n. a standard by which sth. is judgedThe companys criterion for success is high sales. To some publishers, the criterion of a book which will sell well is length rather than content.对一些出版商而言，评判一本书能否畅销的标准是长度而非内容。 C

4、F: standard & criterion这两个名词均含“标准”之意。standard指公认的衡量事物质量或人的品质的准则或原则。例如：All restaurants in the town with a low standard of hygiene have been forced to close.城里所有卫生水准低的餐馆都被迫关门了。criterion较正式，指判断、评价事物的标准，但不一定制成了规章。例如：What are the criteria for deciding who gets the prize? 以什么作标准评定获奖者？3. appropriate: a

5、dj. correct or suitable for a particular situation or occasion Suits are always appropriate for a job interview. His formal style of speaking was appropriate to the occasion.4. thin: adj. not having the necessary qualities to gain the intended result The critics found her latest novel rather thin. 书

6、评家认为她最近写的那部小说没什么意思。 His thin attempt surely resulted in nothing.5. classical: adj. based on or belonging to an old or established system of principles or methods, e.g. in art or scienceHe is going to China to study Chinese classical poetry.他将前往中国去研究中国古典诗歌。6. distinguish between: to recognize differe

7、nces betweenThe twins are so alike that no one can distinguish between them.People who cannot distinguish between colors are said to be color-blind.不能辨别颜色的人称为色盲.7. utility: n.the quality or condition of being useful; usefulnessGrandma has always doubted the utility value of a dishwasher.祖母总是怀疑洗碟机的实用

8、价值。8. ground: n. reason(s) or justification for saying, doing or believing sth. He has been fired from the job on the grounds of incompetence.Patterns: a gound / grounds for 的理由on (the) grounds of 基于的原因on the grounds that因为9. break up: to come or bring to an end, especially by separatingTheir marria

9、ge eventually broke up due to lack of communication.Police arrived at the bar in time and broke up the fight.警察及时赶到酒吧结束了这场打斗。10. pursue: vt. try to achieve sth.; continue steadily with; carry on She d ecided to pursue her studies after obtaining her first degree.她决定在获得学士学位之后继续深造。Our boss has decided

10、 not to pursue the matter any further.老板决定不再追查那事。Collocations:pursue sb.追求某人 pursue a vocation从事一份职业pursue a hobb从事一项爱好 pursue a goal追求一个目标11. take pleasure in (doing) sth.: to enjoy (doing) sth.The audience took pleasure in watching the graceful skaters dancing. The old man takes pleasure in rememb

11、ering the past.老人很享受回忆往事。12. in so far as: to the degree thatThey moved to the downtown area in so far as they could spend less time on the way to work.为了能有所发现，他仍然坚持在这一领域的研究。He still continued his research in this field in so far as he could make some discoveries.13. regulate: vt. to control, especi

12、ally by rules; to bring order or method to Sweating can help to regulate the bodys temperature. 出汗有助于调节体温。Those who enjoy a long life usually regulate their eating habits.长寿的人通常饮食习惯有规律。 Collocations:regulate the traffic 管理交通regulate expenditure 控制费用regulate the speed 调整速度 regulate a clock 校对时钟regula

13、te food supplies 调节食物供应14.as to: on the subject of; concerningWe are puzzled as to how the accident happened. 关于事故是如何发生的我们很迷惑。He refused to make any comments as to this event at the press conference.在记者招待会上他拒绝就此事发表任何评论。15. equity: n. the state, quality, or ideal of being just, impartial, and fairThe

14、 judgment aroused peoples anger for its lack of equity.The equity of the referees decision was accepted by everyone.大家都同意裁判员的公正裁判。16. liberality: n. the quality or state of being liberal or generous.A man of liberality will be welcome everywhere. 一个慷慨的人会处处受人欢迎。17. greed: n. an excessive desire to ac

15、quire or possess more than what one needs or deserves, especially with respect to material wealthWe were deeply touched by the greed for knowledge in their eyes.我们被他们渴求知识的眼神深深触动了。18. conviction: n. Its my conviction that complacency is at the root of our troubles.我深信自满情绪是我们各种问题的根源。CF: belief, faith

16、& conviction这些名词都有“相信”，“信任”之意belief 较为普通，指单纯从主观上的相信，不涉及这种相信是否有 根据。例如：I find his behavior irresponsible beyond belief.我发觉他的所作所为不负责任到了简直令人难以置信的地步。faith语气较强，强调完全相信，有时也指仅凭感觉产生的相信。例如：I havent much faith in this medicine. 我对这种药没有多大信心。conviction多指根据长期交往或实践，对某人某事有了认识和了解后产生的信心和相信，强调其坚定性。例如：Shed made such

17、 promises before, and they lacked conviction.她以前也作过这样的许诺, 但都不足信。19. possess: vt. to have as ones property, as a quality, etc.They possess property all over the world. 他们在世界各地均拥有财产。Does he possess the necessary patience and tact to do the job well?他有做好这项工作必备的耐性和应变能力吗?20. CF: hold, own, possess &

18、keep这些动词均有“有”，“具有”，“持有”之意。hold指拥有并保持财产及持有见解等，暗示不让别人拿走或占有。own不及possess正式，多指所属关系，强调所有权，不管所属物是 否在物主手中。possess较正式，指拥有或占有并能加以控制与支配，强调其归属；也指具有某种品质、才能、特点或性能等。keep指长时间地保有、保存某物，防止别人占去，强调安全和感情 上的依附。21. preserve: to prevent (someone or sth.) from being harmed or destroyed vt. Mother always tries to preserve fa

19、mily harmony. 母亲总是在努力维持家庭和睦。 More and more teenagers fail to preserve their eyesight and wear glasses.mitment: n. a responsibility or promise to follow certain beliefs or a certain course of action We only pay those well who have loyalty and full commitment.我们只给忠诚而勇于承担的人丰厚的报酬。23. bind: vt. to tie to

20、gether or uniteThese old people were bound by a common interest in shadowboxing.这些老人因为对太极拳的共同爱好而聚集到了一起。24. CF: fasten, tie, bind & chain这些动词都有“扎牢”，“捆”，“绑”之意。fasten指把某物牢牢地拴在、钉在或锁在另一物上，使不能任意移动。tie普通用词，指用绳索等将东西扎紧捆牢。bind 多指把两个或两个以上的人或物牢牢地系或扎在一起。 chain 专指用链条或金属环将某人或某物锁住或系住。25. permanent: adj.lasting

21、or intended to last for a long time or forever People always yearn for something permanent, enduring, without shadow of change.The injury left him with a permanent limp.他受伤后就一直瘸了。26. Collocations:permanent address 固定地址 permanent employment 固定工作permanent committee 常设委员会 permanent force 常备军27. unite: v. Christmas is the only