成人英语教学设计教案

1、成人英语教学设计教案CourseScheduleforAdultEnglish成人英语教学设计课程及教材描述本课程是成人高校大专非英语专业的根底课程之一期末全市统一测试.新突出时代特色、天津特色和应用性反映学员的生活和工作实际.内容上短文与对话围绕同一主题尽量表达同一语法现象.短文语言都较为标准既有美国英语也有英国英语.为方便学习和降低难度除了在词汇表中出现生词外还在课文旁注释词义.所选材料具有时代性、知识性兼顾趣味性与可思性.每三单元后有一个练习课.书后附有教参包括背景知识介绍、译文、讲解等内容.练习少而精重口语.教学对象：本课程是用成人高校大专非英语专业的学生.课时安排：本课程为一学期课程

2、.每周6个课时.时间关系每个单元4课时.每三单元后一次练习课.前两课时为课文讲解后两课时做课后练习.教学方式：精讲多练.对课文中常用词汇、语法给予精当的解释、总结,对语法强调模仿运用防止过多语法讲解.强调练习与每课课文密切配合并联系前面课文内容.句型操练DRILLS通过举一反三的口头盘练着重让学员掌握英语口语中的常见句型、词组或某种语法现象.练习时通过各种形式提升学员的英语语言水平和综合能力.使学员每学完一课课文便可以立即运用到实践中去.测试：平时四个成绩期末全市统一测试.Unit1GreetingandIntroduction第一单元问候与介绍Aimsanddemands教学目的与要求:学习

3、问候与介绍等应酬用语.Contents内容：1(DialogueAMeetingPeopleattheAirport2(DialogueBAtaParty3(PassageAASelf-introduction4(PassageBTheFirstDayatWork5(语音根底：字母、音素Steps教学步骤：1 .学习对话2 .学习短文3 .做课后练习4 .学习语音做语音练习Exercises练习工程：I. Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothedialogues.II. Chooseabette

4、ranswertocompletethedialogues.III. UsefulExpressions.IV. Makeaself-introductionaccordingtothefollowingsample.AdditionalReading：AnswerthequestionsaccordingtotheaboveV.dialogue.Phrases词组：makeaself-introduction做自我介绍communitycollege社区学院2foreigntrade对外贸易lookforwardto期望,期待,盼望makeonesdreamcome使某人梦想成真trueLa

5、nguagepoints语言点:1.MrLiuandhisco-workerMissWangareattheairporttomeetMrLee,theirnewbusinesspartner.MrLee的同位语.又如:ThisisMissWang,theirnewbusinesspartner是oursalesmanager.meetsbattheairport到机场去接某人？给某人送行？是seesb.off.2.Pardonme,butareyouMrLee?Pardonme也可以说成Excuseme.3.ImLiuLeiofTianjinSunshineGroup.这是主系表结构是英语简

6、单句五种根本句型之一主要说明主语的性质和状态表语也称为主语补语.详解请参考本课语法.课文中有不少同样结构的句子.如:ThisisMissWang,oursalesmanager.4.AndyoujustcallmeSophie,asIsaid.call在这里意为？称呼？是动词.它还当？打？讲.e.g.PleasetellhimthatIcalledhim.请告诉他我给他打了.call还是名词.如:atelephonecall一个,即一次通话,4.Hemajorsinforeigntrade.这句的结构也属于英语简单句五种根本句型之一即主语加谓语动词.称为基本句型由于它们只是框架还可以有更丰富的

7、成分.此句使用的时态是一般现在时.majors是动词major的第三人称单数形式.5.初次见面和正式场合的问候一般用Howdoyoudo?比拟随意时说Hello.或Hi.初次见面还要说Gladtomeetyou.之类的客气话.答复时均可重复原问话语调稍做改变.6(Thatsverykindofyou.或Itsveryniceofyou.等是类彳以Thankyou.的感谢的话答复时说：3另峪气.Youarewelcome.愿意效劳.Itsa/mypleasure.不必客气.Dontmentionit.注意译这类句子或短语时只要整体表达别逐字汉译.7(Likemostyoungpeopleofmy

8、age,Ilikelisteningtopopmusic.前面的like是介词(prep.)意为？象一样？而非动词？喜欢？.又如：Sophieshairstyleisquitenew,likeyours.而后面的like是动词意为？喜爱？后面跟名词或动名词作宾语.同样用法的还有后面的enjoy和100kforwardto.e.g.Thetwinsisterslooklikeeachotherverymuch.这对李生姐妹长得很相象.Iliketoimagine(想象)myselfcanflylikeabird.Ilikepainting.Ienjoyplaygoinggreatly.Ivebe

9、enlookingforwardtothismomentforyears.Lookingforwardtoseeingyousoon.8. Ihadadreamthat这句话的时态是一般过去时.Had是have的过去式.9. Andyouhavemademydreamcometrue.这句话使用的时态是现在完成时.Culturalbackground文化背景GreetingsandIntroductionsareanessentialaspectofbothBritishandUSculturetheimportanceofwhichcanneverbeoveremphasized.Intro

10、ducingyourselfandothersinthecorrectwayisfraughtwithvariousdosanddontsofetiquette.Insocialsituations,amanistraditionallyintroducedtoawomanandayoungerpersonwouldbeintroducedtoanolderperson.However,in4thebusinessworldintroductionsarebasedonapersonsrankorpositioninanorganisation.Whoeveristhehighest-rank

11、ingpersonisintroducedtoeveryoneelseinorderoftheirposition.Ifyouintroducetwopeopleofequalranktoeachother,introducetheoneyouknowlesswelltotheoneyouknowbest.Theremightbeoccasionswhereyouwillhavetointroduceyourself.Forexample,ifyouaremeetinganewcolleagueoranassociate,youmightstartoffbyextendingyourhanda

12、ndsaying?Hello!Iam.?Ifyouhavebeenintroducedearliertosomeone,donotassumethatthepersonwouldrememberyouandbepreparedtoreintroduceyourselfshoulditbenecessary.TheBritishandAmericansdoshakehands,i.e.whenfirstintroducedtonewpeople,buttheyrarelyshakehandswhenparting.Whenyoungpeoplemeetinformallytheysometime

13、ssayGivemefive!andslaptheirhandstogetherInaninformalsituationyoumayseesocialkissing(oftenjustapeckonthecheek),thisisacceptablebetweenmenandwomenandalsobetweenwomenwhoknoweachotherverywell.Unit2Weather第二单元天气Aimsanddemands教学目的与要求:学习问候与介绍等应酬用语.Contents内容：51.DialogueATalkingabouttheWeather2.DialogueBWha

14、tstheWeatherLikeinTianjin?3.PassageATheSummerinTianjin4 .PassageBWeatherACommonSubject5 .语音根底：音素Steps教学步骤：1 .学习对话2 .学习短文3 .做课后练习4 .学习语音做语音练习Exercises练习工程：I.CompletethefollowingdialogueswiththehelpoftheChineseinbrackets:5 I.SubstitutionDrills.III.ChoosethebestansweraccordingtopassageAIV.Decidewhether

15、thefollowingsentencesaretrueorfalseaccordingtopassageB.V.AdditionalReading.Decidewhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalseaccordingtotheabovepassage.Phrases词组：haveapicnic里子餐goouting外出beachvolleyball沙滩排球getridof躲避,逃避Languagepoints语言点:1. Itswonderfulaftertheheavyrainlastnight.?heavyrain?中的heavy是指雨下得很大的意思在日常口

16、语中heavy还有其他的意思如：Imgettingheavierandheavierthesedays.我最近越来越胖了.Thetrafficisveryheavyatthishoureveryday.每天的这个时间交通总是很拥挤.62. Thatsnottoobad.此句不能按字面意思直接译美国人在表达?verygood?时常常更喜欢用?notbad?.因此根据上下文此处应译成？太好了？3. Besidestheseashore,thenaturalbeautyofTianjininsummerisanotherattraction.besides除此之外,包括所指对象与其相近且容易混淆的e

17、xcept那么不包括所指对象.如:BesidesEnglishwealsolearnFrench.除了英语之外我们还学习法语.WeallwenttothepartyexceptJohn.除了约翰我们都去了派队.,约翰没去.,4. WhatstheweatherlikeinTianjin?这是一句询问天气的最常用的句子.5. Peoplerushtothebeachtogetridoftheheatwaves.人们都迫不及待地冲向海滩以摆脱热浪.此句中的？getridof?意为？摆脱？还可以说:?Itsdifficulttogetridofthebadhabitsoquickly.?6.Itst

18、hemostcommonsubjectofconversation.谈论天气是最普通的话题.subject在此句中译为？S题？.7.Manypeoplethinktheycantellwhattheweatherisgoingtobelike.许多人都认为他们能预测天气.tell在此译为?测?,tell的其他用法还有：Theboycanalreadytellthetimenow.这孩子已经认表了.Canyoutellwhoisoverthere?你能看清那边是谁吗,Herfacetoldherjoy.看她表情就知道她有多快乐.Everyshottold.弹无虚发.Donttellmeyoudi

19、dit.该不会是你干得吧:,表示惊讶,tellnoses数人数Culturalbackground文化背景Weatheristhecommontopicinwesternlife,anditisnotrelatedwithpersonalbusiness.Therefore,talkingwithotherpeopleabouttheweather7isthetypicalfeatureinwesterncommunication,especiallyinBritain.Thetopiconweatherislimitless.Intalkingaboutweatheryoubetterhav

20、eyourownopinionsinsteadofonlyrepeatingthecontentofweatherforecast.Themostimportantruleinthesubjectisshowingtheagreementtootherscomments.Forexample,somepeoplesays:?Niceday,isntit?Youshouldreplywithouthesitation:?Isntitlovely?Unit3AtaRestaurant第三单元在餐馆Aimsanddemands教学目的与要求:学习问路用语.Contents内容：1.DialogueA

21、WhatWouldYouRecommend?2.DialogueBAWonderfulDinner3. PassageAAnIntelligentOwner4.PassageBFastFoodRestaurant5.语法：词性名词、代词、数词Steps教学步骤：1 .学习对话2 .学习短文3 .做课后练习4 .学习语法做语法练习Exercises练习工程：I. SubstitutionDrillsII. CompletethefollowingdialoguewiththehelpoftheChinesegiveninthebrackets:8III. Decidewhetherthefoll

22、owingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtopassageA.IV. ChoosethebestansweraccordingtopassageB.V.AdditionalReading.Choosethebestansweraccordingtotheabovepassage.Phrases词组：localspeciality特色菜,土特产而知名,闻名befamousfor因beoneshonortodosth.某人有幸做某事helpyourselfto自取,所需,随便用,餐,atraditionalChinesedish传统的中国菜becal

23、led被称为,叫.Languagepoints语言点:1.?Goubuli?Baozi:ItsgreatpityifatouristleavesTianjinwithouttasting?Goubuli?Baozi.ItsoneofthefamousspecialitiesinTianjin.Abitewillgiveoneanunforgettablepleasantexperience.Thegreattasteofthissnackrestsinthematerial,theseasoning,mixingandpreparingthedough.Thebunscoveringalsor

24、equiresalotofskill,asthereshouldbeatleast15layersononebun.2.Atableforthree,please.是省略旬全句应为:Doyouhaveatableforthree,please,意思是请安排一张供三人用餐的桌子.3.bythewindow靠窗的桌子在询问客人愿意坐在儿时可以用以下句型进行询问：Wherewouldyouliketosit?Doyouhaveanypreferenceastowhereyousit?Doyouhaveapreferredtable?Doyouhaveanyfavoritetable?而各种餐桌的说法

25、有：Atablefortwo(four,ten)二人,四人十人,桌9Awindowtable靠窗的桌子Anaisletable靠过道的桌子Atableinthecorner靠墙角的桌子Areservedtable有人包了的桌子Culturalbackground文化背景1. TableManners:Itisimpoliteforaguesttoleavethetableduringameal,orbeforethehostessgivesthesignalattheend.Whenthehostessindicatesthatthedinnerisover,shewillstarttoris

26、efromherseatandalltheguestsshouldrisefromtheirsatthesametime.Itispoliteforthegentlementohelpreplacetheladieschairsaftertheyrise.Informalsocietythegentlemenstayaroundthetableforabriefperiodofconversationbeforejoiningtheladiesinthedrawing-room,butthiscustomisnotobservedinmanyplaces.Guestsfollowthehost

27、sandhostessscustominsuchmatters.Shoulditbeabsolutelynecessaryforyoutoleavethetableduringthemeal,youshouldaskthehostesstoexcuseyou.2.Chinesefoodmaybeservedinthefollowingorder:1） assortedcolddish拼盘2） sharksfinsoup鱼翅3） chickendish鸡4） prawndish,虾,5） duckorpigeondish鸭或鸽6） clearsoup清汤7） fish鱼8） rice米饭9） d

28、essert,甜点,10） fruit,水果,11） hottea茶3. Westernfoodmaybeservedinthefollowingorder:101） starterorappetizer首先是开胃食品2） maincourse主菜3） vegetable蔬菜4） soup汤5） dessert甜点6） teaorcoffee茶或咖啡TestYourselfIUnit1-3Aimsanddemands教学目的与要求:复习Unit1-3;学习语法：一般现在时,做自测题.Contents自测题内容：1. Completethefollowingdialogueswiththehel

29、poftheChinesegiveninthebrackets.2. VocabularyandStructure.3. ReadingComprehension.4. Translation5. WritingSteps教学步骤：1 .复习Unit1-32 .做自测题3 .学习语法：一般现在时Unit4MakingAPhoneCall第四单元打11Aimsanddemands教学目的与要求:学习打用语.Contents内容：1. DialogueACallingfromtheAirport2.DialogueBAskingforDirectionsPassageA3.PassageAHowt

30、oMakeaGoodPhoneCall?4.PassageBADaywithoutaMobilePhone:一般将来时5.语法Steps教学步骤：1 .学习对话2 .学习短文3 .做课后练习4 .学习语法做语法练习Exercises练习工程：I. Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtopassageA.II. Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtodialogueB.III. SubstitutionDill

31、s.IV. TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.V.AdditionalReading.Choosethebestansweraccordingtheabovepassage.Phrases词组：bartertrade易货贸易tryonesbest尽力canthelpdoingsth.不住做某事askfor寻求Languagepoints语言点:1. Itisimportanttoshowapositiveattitudeatalltimes.本旬为主语从句特点为不定式成分放在后面it为形式主语.122. Especiallywhenusingt

32、hetelephone,theoldsayingthatyounevergetasecondchancetomakeaapplieshere.firstimpressionBebothbusiness-likeandprofessional.Whenusingthetelephone是分词成分作时间状语.01dsaying:谚语3. Itisverypossiblethatyouwillonlybeallowedtoleaveamessage.that引导的从何是真正的主语后置it为形式主语.4. Heworksveryhardandtrieshisbesttoimproveandmainta

33、intherelationshipwiththecustomers.tryonesbest尽力去做maintain维持5. Duringthetriphecanthelpfallingasleep.canthelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事cannotcontroloneselftodosth.例:Icanthelpcryingonhearingthenews.听至U消息我禁不住哭起来.6. Thepolicemanwrotedownwhathesaidandsenthimtotheplacewheretheconferencewasheld.wheretheconferencewashe

34、ld是限定,性定语从句修饰先行词theplace.Culturebackground文化背景Today,emailhasreplacedthetelephoneastheprimarysourceofcontact.However,thetelephonestillplaysimportantrole,especiallytheuseofMobilephonethatmakesitpossibleforpeopletokeepinveryclosecontactwitheachother.Butitalsohastheshortadvantages.Becauseyouhavetotolera

35、tetheendlesscallsandalwaysbeinthebusystate.13Unit5Shopping第五单元购物Aimsanddemands教学目的与要求:学习问路用语.Contents内容：1. DialogueAAtaStore2. DialogueBBuyingaDress3. PassageAShoppingAdvice4. PassageBBackinFashion5. 语法:一般过去时Steps教学步骤：1 .学习对话2 .学习短文3 .做课后练习4 .学习语法做语法练习Exercises练习工程：I.Answerthequestionsaccordingtodia

36、logueA.II.Decidewhetherthestatementstrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtodialogueB.IV.AnswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtopassageBV.SubstitutionDillsVI. CompletethefollowingdialoguewiththehelpoftheChineseinbracketsVII. TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.VIII.AdditionalReading.Choosethebestansweracco

37、rdingtheabove14passage.Phrases词组：befamousfor因而著称beinterestedin对感兴趣introducesth.tosb.将某物介绍给某人shoppingguide导购员Languagepoints语言点：DialogueA1. size号、尺码westockdressesinchildrenssizes.我们备有儿童尺码的衣Showmetheblueoneinmysize.给我拿件蓝色的我穿的3.ThatsalittlemorethanIwanttopay.我不想买这么贵的.4.Wouldtherebeadiscountonit?可以打折吗,di

38、scount:打折CanIgetadiscountontheseshoes.这些鞋子可以打折吗,Wecangiveyou20%off.我们给您打八折优惠.5(Andthatwouldmakeit那是多少钱？6(Ok.Illtakeit.好吧,我要了DialogueB这件是百分之百纯棉的I.Thisoneismadeof100%.bemadeof由-制成的2. Thisbluecolorgoeswellwiththelightbluedotsonthedress.这种绿色和衣服上浅绿色小点很相配.gowellwith与-很相配Thecapgoeswellwiththejacket帽子和甲克很相配

39、.PassageA1. Ifaforeignerasksyouforshoppingadvice,whatwouldbeyoursuggestions?如果外国友人向你征求购物方面的建议ask(sb)forsth请求某人做某事asksbtodosth请求某人做某事Heaskedmeforadrink.他请求我给他一杯洒.15Sheaskedhimtowakeherat6oclock.她请他在六点钟叫醒她.2. Chinaisfamousforitshandicrafts,中国的手工艺品世界闻名befamousforsth因-而闻名Franceisfamousforitsfinefoodandw

40、ine.法国以它的美酒佳要肴闻名于世.3. ManyforeignfriendsareinterestedintypicalChineseproducts.外国朋友对地道的中国产品感兴趣.beinterestedinsth.对感兴趣TheyareinterestedinChinesefood.他们对中国食品感兴趣.4. Soitisnecessaryforyoutotellthemwheretobuythesethings.告诉他们购置的地点某人有必要做某事Itisnecessaryforsbtodosth.Itisnecessaryformetoattendthemeeting.我必须参力口

41、这个会议.tellthemwheretobuythesethings:告诉他们在哪买这些东西wheretobuythesethings:是带连接副词的不定式做宾语.Youdbettertellthemwhattodoandhowtodoit.PassageB1. soitisoftendifficulttotellwhethertheyareboysandgirls.因此有时你很难分辨出男孩和女孩.whethertheyareboysandgirls是有连接副词引导的宾语从何.Couldyoutellmewhereyouarefrom.2. Doyouseethatpersonwiththel

42、oosepantsandlonghair?你看到那个穿着宽松的裤子披着长发的人吗？thepersonwiththeloosepantsandlonghairwiththeloosepantsandlonghair是介词短语做定语agirlwitharedcap带红帽子的女孩Culturebackground文化背景MoststoresinAmericaareinthesuburbs.Thelargenumberofpeople16livinginthesuburbsisoneofthereasons.Butthemostimportantreasonisthatthereisnoplacefo

43、rparkinginthecentralcity.Peoplecanfindverylargeparkinglotsaroundthestoresinthesuburbs.Shoppinginthesupermarketisquitesimple.Youcanwalkinandpickupashoppingcart,whichisfreeofcharge,pushthecartalongtheaislesandchoosethearticlesontheshelves,Whenyougeteverythingyouneed,pushthecarttothecheck-outgate.After

44、payingforthegoods,youreturnthecarttoitsplacebythedoor.Thatsit.Unlikeasupermarket,adepartmentstoreissalespersonserved.Pricesindepartmentstoresareoftenhigherthaninsupermarkets.Buttheyhavemanythingsthatarenotsoldinsupermarkets,andthequalityofthemerchandiseisoftenbetter,too.MostcitiesandstatesintheU.S.c

45、ollectasalestaxonalmosteverythingyoubuy.Thetaxvariesfromplacetoplace.Theloweronesmayoneortwopercentandthehigheronesmaygouptoeightoreventenpercent.Unit6AskingtheWay第六单元问路Aimsanddemands教学目的与要求:学习问路用语.Contents内容：1. DialogueAGivingDirectiononthePhone2. DialogueBAskingforDirectionsPassageA3. PassageAALet

46、tertoaFriend174. PassageBIPreferCycling5. 语法：现在进行时Steps教学步骤：1 .学习对话2 .学习短文3 .做课后练习4 .学习语法做语法练习Exercises练习工程：I. Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothedialogues.II. AnswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtopassageA.III.AnswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtopassageB.IV.Usefu

47、lExpressions.V. CompletethefollowingdialoguewiththehelpoftheChinesegiveninbrackets.VI. Rearrangethefollowingsentencestomakeacompletedialogue.VII. AdditionalReading:Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothepassage.Phrases词组:apoliceofficer警官,警员straighton.一直往前走settledown定居,平

48、静下来,专心于playarolein在起作用Youcantmissit.你不会找不到的.Languagepoints语言点:1. TheRobertshavejustmovedto这句话使用了现在完成时态.具体构成与用法详见本课语法.2. anewapartmentinthesuburb18aflatinahigh-riseblockapartment和flat在这里的意思都是？单元房？3. JaneRobertsisgivingdirectionstoStevegivesth.tosb.或givesb.sth.是双宾语结构.其它类似的词组如：show出示/pass传递/hand交给/teac

49、h教授/offer提供/sell卖sth.tosb.或sb.sth.PleaselookatP65forfurtherexplanation.详见本书相应语法内容.dliketobuyabirthdaypresenttomygrandmother.我想给姥1I姥买一件生日礼物.2. Helentlend的过去式theAfricanalotofmoney.他借给了这个非洲人许多钱.3. Readusapoem,please.给我们读首诗吧.4. oneoftheirguestsonthephone.oneof意为？其中之一？一后面的名词用复数.5. TheEastBoundofsubwayLin

50、e5willtakeyouhere.Anyway,Illtrytofindit.YoullseeRainbowGardeninfrontofyou.这几句都是一般将来时.后面课文中还有同一时态的句子.6. Heisaskingapoliceofficerfordirections.asksb.forinformation/advice/help向某人寻求信息/建议/帮助7.Straightonforoneblockthenmakealeft.makealeft意为turntoyourleft8.Therecouldbeone.could是情态动词后面动词必须用原形.Canyourepeatth

51、eaddress,Steve?9.itdependsonwhichbridgeyoucrossdependon依靠,依赖e.g.Ihaventacar,Ihavetodependonthebuses.我没有汽车只能靠公共汽车.1910.Lookingforwardtoseeingyousoon.To是介词后面跟名词或动名词作宾语.e.g.Ivebeenlookingforwardtothismomentforyears.11.Regards,这是信末的问候表达写信人美好祝愿.e.g.Givethefamilymybestregards.祝您全家幸福12. Youknowwhatanimport

52、antrolebicyclesusedtoplay,areplaying,andwillplayinourdailylife,includingmine.这里有一个词组playanimportantrolein在中起重要的作用.usedtoplay,areplaying,andwillplayinourdailylife分别是过去时、现在进行时和一般将来时.13. butIprefergoingtoworkandgettingaroundbybike.prefer:likebetter更喜欢preferAtoB与B相比更喜欢Ae.g.Whichwouldyoulike,coffee咖啡orbl

53、acktea红茶？Ipreferblacktea.Oursalesmanagerpreferswalkingtoworktocycling.我们的销售部经理喜欢步行去上班而不是骑自行车.14. OntheonehandIwanttokeepfit.这里用了词组ontheonehandontheotherhand,一方面另一方面,的前一局部.15. YoucantimaginewhatagreattimeIhave这里用了词组haveagreattime,过得快乐玩得快乐,.还有一个类似的词组haveagoodtime16. Besides,theybecomecoolertootherpeop

54、lebysittingbehindthepane.by是介词后面跟的sitting是动名词作宾语.17. WheneverIminthestreetonmybike,Ifeelclosertopeople.这里的closer和前面的cooler都是形容词的比拟级表示？更？.Culturebackground文化背景20GiftGivingIfyouareinvitedtoaBritishhome,itisstandardpracticetobringwine,flowers,and/orchocolatesforyourhosts.Donotfeeloffendedifthehostdoesn

55、otopenyourgiftofwinethateveningbutaddsittohiscellar;itdoesnotmeanthatthegiftisunappreciated(orthatthehostwouldratherdrinkyourfinevintageclaretonhisorherownatalaterdate)butquitesimplythatheorshehasprobablyalreadychilledthewhitewineandopenedtheredthatareappropriateforthatmeal.Champagne,though,isneveru

56、nwelcomeandcanalwaysbeputquicklyinthefridgeforanafter-dinnertoast.Spirits,ontheotherhand,areamatterofpersonaltasteandbestnotgivenasapresent.Abottleofyourfavouritebourbonmaylanguishunopenedinthedrinkscabinetforyears.TheusualEuropeancaveatsapplywhengivingflowers:noredroses,whitelilies,orchrysanthemums.Ifyouknowthatyouaregoingtostaywithafamily,it